FRW宇宙中空间的出现与事件视界上的热力学描述

发布时间：2018-06-17 05:42

本文选题：表面自由度 + 熵力　；参考：《浙江大学》2016年博士论文

【摘要】：从几十年来的研究成果来看,我们可能能得出“时空是由微观自由度组成的”这样的结论。我们知道,宏观物体由微观自由度组成且能用量子统计的方法来严格导出热力学定律的表达式。同样的道理,如果时空是由微观自由度组成的话,那么我相信也能建立一个统计理论来量子化引力。这是一条可能的引力量子化的途径。因此研究“引力的热力学描述”是很有意义的。本论文主要研究了在不同模型中FRW宇宙的演化以及在其事件视界上的热力学第一定律,进而探讨了时空的微观自由度与引力动力学、视界热力学与引力动力学之间的重要关系。我们提议视界面上的自由度应该用熵来表示,而不应该用面积除以Planck面积来描述,进而从“空间是随着时间的流逝而出现的”(简称空间的出现)这样的视角下探究了在f(R)引力与形变的Horava-Lifshitz引力中FRW宇宙的动力学演化方程。在空间的出现这样的视角下,为了得到宇宙的加速膨胀解,通常是引入宇宙学常数。而我们则因为Einstein-Hilbert作用量中的表面项与体项之间存在着一个重要的关系,所以提议加速膨胀是由于表面项(熵力的作用)而导致的。在此基础上,我们研究了FRW宇宙的膨胀且得到了不错的结果。最后,我们探究了宇宙的事件视界面上的热力学描述。在Einstein引力与f(R)引力中,我们通过重新定义事件视界上的温度证明了热力学第一定律与任意空间曲率的FRW宇宙的动力学方程的等价性。我们也讨论了Einstein引力与f(R)引力中被事件视界所包围的宇宙中的推广的热力学第二定律。
[Abstract]:From decades of research results, we may be able to draw the conclusion that space-time is made up of microscopic degrees of freedom. We know that macroscopic objects are composed of microscopic degrees of freedom and can be used to strictly derive the expression of thermodynamic laws by means of quantum statistics. By the same token, if spacetime is made up of microscopic degrees of freedom, I believe a statistical theory can also be established to quantize gravity. This is a possible way to quantize gravity. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the thermodynamic description of gravity. In this paper, the evolution of the FRW universe in different models and the first law of thermodynamics in its event horizon are studied, and the important relations between the microcosmic degree of freedom of space-time and the dynamics of gravity, the thermodynamics of the horizon and the dynamics of gravity are discussed. We suggest that the degree of freedom on the visual interface should be represented by entropy, not by the area divided by the Planck area. The dynamic evolution equations of the FRW universe in the Horava-Lifshitz gravitation and deformation are discussed from the perspective of "space appears with the passage of time". In order to obtain the accelerated expansion solution of the universe, the cosmological constant is usually introduced in the view of the appearance of space. Because there is an important relationship between the surface term and the body term in the Einstein-Hilbert interaction, the proposed acceleration of expansion is caused by the surface term (the effect of entropy force). On this basis, we study the expansion of the FRW universe and obtain good results. Finally, we explore the thermodynamic description of the event view interface of the universe. By redefining the temperature in the event horizon, we prove the equivalence between the first law of thermodynamics and the dynamical equation of the FRW universe of arbitrary space curvature. We also discuss the generalized second law of thermodynamics in the universe surrounded by event horizon in Einstein gravity and fen R) gravity.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：O414

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