我国生态文明建设的经济机理与绩效评价研究

发布时间：2018-01-05 12:30

本文关键词：我国生态文明建设的经济机理与绩效评价研究　出处：《西北大学》2016年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近年来,依靠资源、劳动力以及资本要素的高投入,我国经济取得了举世瞩目的成就。然而,随着工业化及城镇化进程的加快,资源能源短缺、环境污染严重、生态系统恶化等问题日益凸显,成为经济社会可持续发展的瓶颈,生态文明建设势在必行。为此,中共十八大将生态文明建设纳入到社会主义现代化建设“五位一体”总体布局高度,十八届五中全会进一步提出创新、协调、绿色、开放、共享“五大发展理念”,生态文明建设己成为我国新时期发展的重要任务与重点领域。鉴于此,对我国生态文明建设的经济机理及难点问题进行剖析,评价我国生态文明建设的绩效并探寻其制约因素,从而提出推进生态文明建设的建议具有重要理论价值与现实意义。论文阐释了生态文明的内涵特征,指出生态文明建设是一场涉及生产方式、生活方式、价值观念等方方面面的深刻变革。在此过程中,个体利益和公共利益、地方利益和全局利益、当前利益与和长远利益之间存在矛盾,随着生态文明建设中利益格局调整,政府、企业、消费者为其利益诉求会展开行为博弈。由于生态文明的公共物品属性及外部性问题的存在,市场机制无法自动调节经济主体自发地参与到生态文明建设中来,这就需要通过适当的制度安排来规范和约束经济主体行为,与此同时,还需设计与制度相容的激励结构来协调建设者与收益者的利益关系,调动经济主体的参与动力。根据以上分析,论文构建利益格局—行为选择—制度安排—激励结构的分析框架,进而从上四个方面深入剖析生态文明建设的经济机理,对生态文明建设的难点问题和制约因素进行系统解读。在此基础上,由理论层面落实到现实层面,指出生态文明建设实践要以生产方式、生活方式转变为途径,以正式制度、非正式制度安排为保障,以自然和谐、经济发展及社会稳定为目标,从而依此为逻辑构建评价指标体系,基于主成分分析方法客观评价2003-2012年我国生态文明建设实践的总体状态并剖析其影响因素。进一步,论文从我国东部、中部及西部各区域资源、生态环境与经济社会发展水平的差异化背景出发,基于SBM-Undesirable模型对比分析东部、中部与西部不同区域的生态文明建设绩效,并运用Tobit面板数据模型探析经济发展、政治制度、文化观念、城乡社会以及灾害损失五大因素对三大区域推进生态文明建设绩效的影响程度,为政策层面不同区域推进生态文明建设的有效措施提供现实基础。最后,在理论阐释与实证分析的基础上,提出以协调利益格局为核心,以转变行为方式为基础,以完善制度体系为保障,以健全激励结构为导引的生态文明建设实现路径,并设计包含技术政策、财税政策、产业政策以及金融政策在内的促进生态文明建设的具体政策工具,进一步针对东、中与西部不同区域生态文明建设情况提出相应的对策措施。论文的创新之处在于：一是构建了生态文明建设经济机理的分析框架。论文以利益格局的核心问题切入,建立利益格局——行为选择——制度安排——激励结构的分析框架,对生态文明建设的研究范式进行了创新型探索。二是评价指标体系的创新。论文在剖析生态文明建设经济机理的基础上,构建以生产方式转变、生活方式转变、正式制度安排、非正式制度安排、自然和谐、经济发展、社会进步为逻辑的生态文明建设实践的综合评价指标体系,实现了理论层面阐释与实践层面评价的逻辑相一致。三是评价方法的创新。论文基于SBM-Undesirable-Tobit模型,将期望产出分解为经济效率、生态效率与社会效率,以期更加充分、完整地评估不同区域的生态文明建设绩效差异。并以等权的赋权方法合成包括经济发展、政治制度、文化观念、城乡社会、灾害损失在内的五大影响因素,以期对各区域生态文明建设绩效差异的影响程度进行更加全面、合理的考察。
[Abstract]:In recent years, relying on resources, high labor and capital factors, China's economy has made remarkable achievements. However, with the development of industrialization and urbanization, shortage of energy resources, serious environmental pollution, the deterioration of ecosystem has become increasingly prominent, become the bottleneck of sustainable economic and social development, it is imperative to the construction of ecological civilization. To this end, the eighteen general construction of ecological civilization into the socialist modernization construction of "five in one" overall layout, the fifth Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee further put forward the innovation, harmony, green, open, sharing "five development ideas, the construction of ecological civilization has become an important task and key areas of development in the new period of our country. In view of this, analyze the mechanism of the economy the construction of ecological civilization in China and difficult problems, the evaluation of China's ecological civilization construction performance and explore its restricting factors, thus This has important theoretical value and practical significance to promote the construction of ecological civilization. This paper discusses the connotation and characteristics of ecological civilization, the ecological civilization construction is a production mode, life style, the profound changes in values and other aspects. In this process, the individual interests and public interests, local interests and global interests, there the contradiction between the current interests and long-term interests, with the construction of ecological civilization, adjust the pattern of interests, the government, enterprises and consumers for their interests will start the behavior game. Because the public goods attribute and externality of ecological civilization exist, the market mechanism can not automatically adjust the economic subjects spontaneously participate in the construction of ecological civilization, the we need to act, the main economic norms and constraints through appropriate institutional arrangements at the same time, also need incentive compatibility design and system structure. Adjust the interests of the builders and benefits, participation motivation to stimulate the economic subject. Based on the above analysis, the paper constructs the pattern of interests and behavior choice analysis framework of institutional arrangements - incentive structure, and then from the four aspects of in-depth analysis of economic mechanism of ecological civilization construction, problems and constraints on the construction of ecological civilization system interpretation. On this basis, the implementation of the theoretical level to the practical level, points out that the practice of ecological civilization construction should take the mode of production, lifestyle changes as the way to a formal system, informal institutional arrangements for the protection of the natural harmony, economic development and social stability as the goal, and then construct the evaluation index system of logic, principal component analysis the objective evaluation method of 2003-2012 years of practice of China's ecological civilization construction of the overall status and analyze the impact factors. Based on further, from the east of china, The central and western regional resources, background difference of ecological environment and economic and social development of the SBM-Undesirable model based on the comparative analysis of the eastern, central and western regions of different ecological civilization construction and performance, using Tobit panel data model of economic development, political system, cultural concept, the influence degree of urban and rural society as well as the disaster losses of five factors three major areas of promoting the performance of the construction of ecological civilization provides a realistic basis for the policy level in different areas of effective measures to promote the construction of ecological civilization. Finally, based on the theoretical interpretation and Empirical Analysis on the proposed to coordinate the pattern of interests as the core, to change the behavior as the basis, to improve the system for the protection, in order to improve the incentive structure for the construction of ecological civilization guided path, and the design includes technical policy, fiscal policy, industrial policy and financial policy The tools of specific policies to promote the construction of ecological civilization, further to the eastern and western regions, in different ecological civilization construction put forward the corresponding countermeasures. The innovation of this paper lies in: one is to build the analytical framework of economic mechanism of ecological civilization construction. Based on the core issue of benefit pattern breakthrough, establish the pattern of interests, behavior select the analysis framework of institutional arrangement of incentive structure, the innovative research paradigm of ecological civilization construction. The two is the innovation evaluation index system. Based on analyzing the construction of ecological civilization based on the mechanism of economic construction, the transformation of the mode of production, lifestyle changes, formal institutional arrangement, informal institutional arrangement, natural harmony, economic development and social progress for the construction of ecological civilization in the logic of the comprehensive evaluation index system, the theoretical explanation and Practice To evaluate the level of consistent logic. Three innovative evaluation methods. Based on the SBM-Undesirable-Tobit model, the expected output decomposition for economic efficiency, ecological efficiency and social efficiency, in order to more fully, complete performance evaluation of the construction of ecological civilization of different regions. And synthetic weighting method including the right to economic development, political system and the concept of culture, urban and rural society, five major factors which influence the disaster loss, degree of influence to the construction of ecological civilization of the regional differences in performance are more comprehensive and reasonable investigation.

【学位授予单位】：西北大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：X321;F124

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