基于成熟度模糊评价的国家创新生态理论与实证研究

发布时间：2018-02-23 03:14

  本文关键词： 创新生态系统 国家创新 共生演化 成熟度评价 国别比较 发展启示　出处：《中国科学技术大学》2016年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：创新生态系统是随着移动网络技术的兴起和创新要素的自由流动,在技术、知识创新与社会形态深度融合的情境下出现的一种创新研究范式。创新生态系统借鉴自然生态学中的研究方法,着重研究了生态系统内部的主体关联、要素流动、共生演化和环境养成情况。相比于已有的创新范式,创新生态系统更加注重自身的可持续性,以及所有创新主体对系统环境的共同营造,也实现了创新评价从单一追求经济价值向社会、经济、生态、文化多维度价值并重的转变。创新生态系统理论最早出现在商业管理和产业研究领域,通过对企业所处的价值区间和伙伴关系的刻画,共生竞合、价值置换、平台战略、自组织能力等创新生态的基本要义已初现端倪(Moore,1993:IansitiLevin,2004)。2000年以后,上述成果启迪了国家和区域范畴的创新研究,美国等国家的科技决策部门希望依靠生态化视角的切换,重新寻找国家创新的核心驱动力,以此提升国际地位和外部竞争力,并提出了一系列支撑系统发展的举措。总体而言,面向未来的创新生态系统研究正在成为国家创新战略思考的新路径,并逐渐受到各国决策机构和学者的关注和重视。在中国,经济社会发展进入“新常态”的转型时期,高层先后出台了多项创新驱动发展、支持大众创新创业的政策举措,希望以此为契机激发社会创新活力,发挥经济和就业的双引擎作用支持实体经济。这一时代背景正与进一步发展多元主体、完善共生环境的创新内在诉求相一致,更为寻找贴合当下的国家创新思维范式、科学评价已有资源和要素条件奠定了现实迫切性。这表明,本研究旨在对国家创新生态系统进行内涵分析和机理阐释,并建构一个系统发展评价体系的尝试是必要的。在本研究的整体安排中,我们以国家创新生态理论阐释为基础,以评价体系的设计和测度为核心,以中国的发展策略探讨作为落脚点,试图解答“什么是国家创新生态”“怎样理解国家创新生态”“如何评价国家创新生态”以及“中国应发展什么样的创新生态”等问题。具体论述的章节划分如下：前两章分别阐明研究背景、意义和完成对创新生态、创新系统等概念文献部分的探究。第3章将创新生态引入国家创新思考,从“宏—微观”跨界视角解析了系统内涵,通过提出创新生态服务的概念,分析整体系统的运行机理,主要解答了“是什么”和“怎样理解”的问题。第4章借鉴“系统成熟度”作为系统评价的切入点,设置了评价目的和思路,对评价模型进行了组合和确定。在第5-7章中,通过建构指标体系、分层赋权、数据采集和综合评价测算,我们对中、美、德三国在2012年的创新生态成熟度进行了全方位评价,得出国别横向比较结果,回答了“如何评价”的问题。第8章对评价结果进行分析,从主体视角对中国现阶段的创新生态发展趋势作出判断,并提出一系列建议供决策思考,选择了苏州的纳米产业与社会融合治理实例作为国家创新生态建构的一个缩影进行刻画,以体现本研究的应用价值,也对“如何发展”做出了解答。研究表明：将国家创新事业视作一个运行中的创新生态系统加以研究,是在目前宏观情境下顺应创新发展趋势的适宜选择。一国要客观认清自身的创新基础设施和要素条件,不照搬他国模式,因时因地施策培育创新生态的形成。评价模型的准则层(创新环境、创新机构、创新资源、创新人才和创新市场)结果体现了国家在细分维度上的优势和不足,是政策制订的重要依据。具体到执行层面,从政府、科研机构、高校到大型企业、中小创业者、科技服务机构在内的诸多创新主体都需要以开放姿态向外连通,实现要素交流和价值分享。他们共同培育的以整体利益为基石的共生环境,最终促成国家创新生态系统不断向更高成熟度的层级发展。
[Abstract]:Innovation ecosystem is with free flowing, the rise of mobile network technology and innovation elements in technology, a new research paradigm of fusion depth of knowledge innovation and social situations. The innovation ecosystem on the basis of the research method of natural ecology, the paper studies the main internal ecosystem, factor mobility, Symbiosis Evolution and develop environment. Compared to the existing paradigm of innovation, innovation ecosystem pay more attention to their sustainability, and jointly create all the innovation of system environment, also realize the innovation of evaluation from the single pursuit of economic value to the social, economic, ecological, cultural transformation of multi dimension values. The theory of innovation ecosystem first appeared in the management of business and industry research, through the characterization, analyzing the value range and partnership symbiotic cooperation, value replacement, flat Taiwan strategy, basic meaning of self organization ability of innovation ecosystem has emerged (Moore, 1993:IansitiLevin, 2004).2000 years later, the results of Enlightenment on the innovation of national and regional areas, science and technology policy-making departments of the United States and other countries want to switch on the ecological perspective, to find the core of national innovation driving force, in order to enhance the international status and external competitiveness, and put forward a series of initiatives to support system development. Overall, the research of innovation ecosystem for the future is becoming a new thinking path of national innovation strategy, and gradually attracted the attention of scholars and policy makers and attention. In Chinese, economic and social development has entered a transition period of the new normal "senior, has introduced a number of innovative driving development, support innovation and entrepreneurship public policy initiatives, hoping to stimulate the creative vitality of society as an opportunity to play with The economy and employment of the twin engine to support the real economy. This is the background and the further development of multi subject, consistent improvement of internal demands innovation symbiosis environment, looking for more fit the current national innovation paradigm, scientific evaluation of existing resources and conditions laid a practical urgency. This shows that the purpose of this study is to explain analysis on the connotation and mechanism of the national innovation system of ecology, and attempt to construct an evaluation system of system development is necessary. In the overall arrangement of the research, based on our national innovation ecological theory, to design and evaluation system as the core, to explore the development strategy of Chinese as the foothold, trying to answer "what is the national ecological innovation" and "how to understand the national ecological innovation" and "how to evaluate the national ecological innovation" and "China should be what kind of development innovation ecology ". the following specific chapters divided: the first two chapters introduced the research background, significance and innovation of ecological system, to explore innovative concepts such as part of the literature. The third chapter will introduce the ecological innovation of national innovation thinking, from" macro micro "cross-border perspective system connotation, through the concept of innovation ecosystem the analysis of operation mechanism of the whole system, mainly to answer the" what "and" how to understand "problem. The fourth chapter from the" mature "as the starting point of the evaluation system, set up the evaluation objective and ideas of evaluation model were combined and determined. In Chapter 5-7, through the construction of the index system, hierarchical weighted, data collection and comprehensive evaluation of our estimates, in Germany, the United States, mature in 2012 innovation degree of comprehensive evaluation, so don't go abroad horizontal comparison results, such as" the answer How to evaluate the problem. The eighth chapter is the analysis of evaluation results, to judge from the ecological perspective on the development trend of the main innovation China at the present stage, and puts forward a series of suggestions for policy thinking, the choice of Suzhou nano and social integration treatment case as a microcosm of the national innovation ecological construction industry to describe, by application value of this study, also made the answer to "how to develop". The study shows that the national innovation as a business innovation ecosystem in the operation of research is suitable to the current macroeconomic situation in the innovation and development trend. With a country to objectively recognize their own innovative infrastructure and elements, not copy of his country, in time for the formation of policy innovation. The ecological criterion layer model (innovation environment, innovation mechanism, innovation resources, innovation and innovative talent market) results The advantages of countries in the subdivision on the dimension and the insufficiency, is an important basis for policy formulation. Specific to the implementation level, from the government, scientific research institutions, colleges and universities to large enterprises, small and medium-sized entrepreneurs, many innovation science and technology service institutions, to outward open attitude to achieve connectivity, communication and sharing. Elements of their common value to cultivate the overall interests as the cornerstone of the symbiotic environment, and ultimately contributed to the national innovation system of ecological development of higher level to maturity.

【学位授予单位】：中国科学技术大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F124.3
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本文编号：1525989