基于规范性反馈的能源节约行为研究

发布时间：2018-01-03 02:22

  本文关键词：基于规范性反馈的能源节约行为研究　出处：《天津大学》2016年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

  更多相关文章： 能源节约行为 规范性反馈 行为干预政策 观点动力学 Agent建模与仿真

【摘要】：基于规范性反馈的能源节约行为研究是国际上有关环境与行为理论与应用的新兴课题,在我国的实践尚属空白。虽然在美国已开始了该领域的类似研究与实践,但可借鉴的成果还很少,尤其是对环境与行为关系的理论分析、人的能源节约行为及其影响因素分析、规范性反馈干预政策的实验与仿真等方面的研究尚显不足。因此,本文结合了Lewin场论、行为动力理论及社会规范理论,运用社区实验方法及基于Agent的建模与仿真方法,针对规范性反馈下的能源节约行为模式进行了深入分析,对于规范性反馈的理论与其在能源节约领域的应用均起到了示范和借鉴作用。本文的主要工作及其创新如下:1.以规范性反馈的能源节约行为为研究对象,讨论了环境、行为和干预三维度间的内涵、外延以及相互作用机理,以数据空间及其映射方式构建了节能行为的四层状态空间结构及其行为状态转移的逻辑框架,并应用行为冲突的场力表示方法,建立了基于规范性反馈的行为模式,这是对Lewin场论的理论拓展。提出了观点与环境行为的一致性、动机与环境行为的一致性、规范性反馈与环境行为的一致性、激励机制与环境行为的一致性等四种调节机制。将α散度用于确定干预因素的随机统计特性,进而描述了干预随机性对行为输出的影响。2.针对能源节约行为研究是环境行为学、心理学交叉学科的复杂性特征以及目前研究上的不足,在综合考虑了不确定线性时变系统、外部系统扰动及最优控制等条件下,首次提出了基于Agent建模、环境行为学与心理学的改进Deffuant观点动力学模型,刻画出该系统中的个体微观行为与群体行为间的属性与关联,并讨论了组织矫正下模型的优化问题,采用鲁棒原理对模型在外部系统扰动下系统稳定性进行了探讨。3.针对以往研究缺乏非经济激励下的规范性反馈理论研究及其实践的情况,提出了在规范性反馈下非经济激励方式的重要作用及其实现路径。该观点在社区实验中发挥了很好的能源节约效果。这一结论可以为今后的规范性反馈节能项目提供理论与实践依据,规范性反馈方法可以被广泛的用于那些无需居民个人缴电费的社区(例如学校宿舍、职工宿舍等)以实现节约能源的目标。此外,本文着重探索了地理临近性及其他物理环境变量(包括房屋面积、单元类型、所属小区、天气因素)与节能量之间的关系,为规范性反馈机制充分发挥节能政策干预作用提供了可行性。4.将社区的家庭能源实验与基于Agent的复杂社会系统仿真相结合,采用心理学的大五性格特质模型,根据人群开放性性格特质,首次将人群分为六种类型,包括有效利他型、擅长社交型、随和型、自适应型、传统型以及极端保守型等,建立以人的性格特质为基础的行为干预模式。采用组织矫正下的改进Deffuant模型,并提出了性格特质驱动的规范性反馈基准值策略,使各类型性格居民甚至是极端保守主义者的用能行为都达到最优控制。
[Abstract]:Based on normative feedback energy saving behavior research is a new subject of environment and behavior theory and Application on the international practice in China is still blank. Although it has begun a similar research and practice in this field in the United States, but the results are few, especially the analysis of the relationship between the environment and the theory of behavior analysis of energy saving, human behavior and its influence factors, normative research policy and other aspects of the experiment and Simulation of feedback is insufficient. Therefore, this paper combines the Lewin theory, behavior theory and social norm theory, using community experiment method and the method of modeling and simulation based on Agent, according to the specification of the feedback energy saving behavior is analyzed, the normative feedback theory and its application in energy conservation has played a demonstration and reference. The main work of this paper and its innovation The new are as follows: 1. in order to regulate the feedback energy saving behavior as the research object, discusses the connotation of environment, behavior and intervention dimension between the extension and the interaction mechanism, data space and its mapping to built a logical framework four layer structure of the state space and the behavior of energy transfer behavior, said method and field force the application of conflict, the establishment of norms of behavior model based on feedback, this is the development of Lewin field theory is proposed. The consistency of views and environmental behavior, environmental behavior motivation and consistency, consistency of normative feedback and environmental behavior, incentive mechanism and environmental behavior of the consistency of the four regulation the alpha divergence mechanism. Used to determine the statistical characteristics of interference factors, then describes the effects of randomness on the behavior of the output.2. for energy saving behavior research is environmental behavior psychology Characteristics of complexity science and the lack of research, considering the uncertain linear time-varying system, external disturbance and optimal control conditions, first proposed based on Agent modeling, environmental behavior model and improved Deffuant viewpoint of dynamic psychology, depict individual and collective behavior of the micro system the properties associated with the optimization problem is discussed under the organizational model correction, using robust principle of model in system stability under external disturbances are discussed based on the research situation of.3. lack of feedback theory research and practice standard non economic incentive, in the normative feedback non important economic incentive the way and the way of realization is put forward. The views in the community in the experiment has played a very good energy saving effect. This conclusion can be a standard for the future To provide theoretical and practical basis of feedback energy conservation project, normative feedback method can be widely used for those without individual residents pay electricity community (such as school dormitory, dormitory etc.) in order to achieve the purpose of saving energy. In addition, this paper discusses the geographical proximity and other physical environmental variables (including housing area, unit type the area, weather factors, and relationship between energy),.4. will provide the feasibility of family community energy experiment and Simulation of complex social system based on Agent combining normative feedback mechanism, give full play to the role of such policy interventions, the psychology of big five personality traits based on population model, open personality, for the first time the subjects were divided into six types, including effective altruistic type, social type, agreeableness, adaptive, traditional and extreme conservative, based on people's personality Behavioral intervention pattern of quality as the foundation. The improved Deffuant model correction, and puts forward the strategy of normative feedback reference value character driven, so that the various types of character residents and even extreme conservatives can use behavior to achieve optimal control.

【学位授予单位】：天津大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F206
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本文编号：1371958