云南粮食生产效率及其影响因素研究

发布时间：2018-01-04 06:23

本文关键词：云南粮食生产效率及其影响因素研究　出处：《中国农业大学》2017年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：云南省地处我国西南边陲,粮食生产条件复杂,表现出特殊的资源禀赋情况。云南适宜粮食生产的平坝面积较少,且主要分布在滇中、滇西和滇东地区。其中,滇中地区的代表为昆明、楚雄,滇西地区的代表为大理、保山,滇东地区为曲靖等,粮食生产效率高,但种植比例较小。滇东北地区(昭通)、滇西北地区(丽江、迪庆、怒江)地势较高,土地贫瘠,种植的粮食品种少、产量低,粮食生产效率极低。滇东南地区(玉溪、文山)、滇西地区(德宏、临沧)、滇南地区(普洱、红河、西双版纳)具有典型的热带、亚热带气候特征,雨热充足,土地肥沃,种植经济作物效益远远高于粮食生产,使得上述地区粮食生产面积不断被经济作物挤压。基于上述分析,在国家提出"藏粮于地、藏粮于技"下保证粮食安全,本文认为分析云南粮食生产效率具有重要的现实意义。本文主要内容如下:第一,分析云南粮食生产效率,通过数据包络法的非经向SBM模型,测算出云南省粮食生产效率,并与其它省份粮食生产效率比较。第二,云南省粮食生产全要素生产率指数分解分析,通过DEA-Malmquist生产率指数对云南省粮食生产规模效率、纯技术效率、技术效率变化进行测算和分析。第三,云南粮食生产效率空间集聚效应分析,通过DEA-Moran' s I指数分析法,运用空间计量经济模型,对云南省各市州粮食生产效率空间收敛、功能划分分析。第四,云南粮食生产环境效率分析,通过建立粮食生产环境DEA窗口模型,对云南粮食生产环境效率进行测算和分析。第五,云南粮食生产效率的影响因素分析,通过构建影响云南粮食生产效率的Tobit回归模型,找出云南粮食生产效率的显著影响因素,从生产要素投入角度找到提高云南粮食生产效率的方法和途径。通过本文数据分析和模型估计,得到的主要结论如下:第一,2014年云南省粮食生产效率远低于全国大多数省份,表现出粮食生产的无效率,在与国内其他粮食生产有效率省份的比较中,云南省应该向吉林省借鉴和学习有关粮食生产的经验。第二,云南省粮食全要素生产率增长中,技术进步带来的增长效应大于技术效率带来的水平效应。云南省粮食生产的先进技术成为提升粮食全要素生产率的主要来源,说明云南省粮食生产日益重视技术进步,科技成为云南省粮食增产的主要手段和方式,且存在显著的地区差异。第三,云南粮食生产效率集群由省会城市昆明向边缘空间扩散,由汉族地区向少数民族地区扩散,在空间上存在显著的集聚现象。第四,云南省北部粮食生产环境效率较高,主要分布为高寒高原地区,生产要素如化肥、农药、机械投入较少,所以非期望产出(碳排放量)较少;而云南省南部粮食生产中环境效率较低,多数是热带亚热带气候,粮食生产对化肥、农药需求旺盛,投入的化肥、农药等生产要素较多,使得粮食生产非期望产出(碳排放量)较多。第五,粮食播种面积和粮食生产机械总动力对云南粮食生产效率具有显著的负相关关系,粮食生产从业人数对云南粮食生产具有显著的正相关关系,粮食生产化肥施用量对粮食生产不具有显著的相关关系。最后,根据研究结论提出相应的政策建议。
[Abstract]:Yunnan province is located in the southwest of China, grain production conditions are complex, showing special resources. The Yunnan area is less suitable Pingba grain production, and is mainly distributed in Yunnan, Western and eastern Yunnan. Among them, on behalf of Yunnan area for Kunming, Chuxiong, on behalf of the western Yunnan area for Dali, Baoshan, Yunnan in Qujing, the grain production efficiency is high, but the planting proportion is smaller. Northeast Yunnan (Zhaotong), Northwest Yunnan (Lijiang, Diqing, Nu River) higher, barren land, planted grain less varieties, low yield, grain production efficiency is very low. The Southeast Yunnan Province (Yuxi, Wenshan), western Yunnan (Dehong, Lincang), southern Yunnan (Puer tea, red river, Xishuangbanna) is a typical tropical, subtropical climate, rain hot enough, fertile land, planting crops benefit is far higher than the grain production, the area of grain production area By economic crops extrusion. Based on the above analysis, the state proposed for grain storage, grain storage technology to "ensure food security, it has important practical significance to analysis of the efficiency of grain production in Yunnan. The main contents of this paper are as follows: first, analysis of the efficiency of grain production in Yunnan, through data envelopment analysis to non SBM model and calculate the efficiency of grain production in Yunnan Province, and compared with other provinces in food production efficiency. Second, total factor productivity index decomposition analysis of production of grain in Yunnan Province, through the DEA-Malmquist productivity index of Yunnan province grain production scale efficiency, pure technical efficiency, technical efficiency change calculation and analysis. Third, analysis of the efficiency of spatial agglomeration of Yunnan grain production the effect of DEA-Moran's, through the I index analysis method, using spatial econometric model, the cities of Yunnan Province, the grain production efficiency of spatial convergence, functional analysis. Fourth, analysis of the environmental efficiency of Yunnan grain production, grain production environment through the establishment of DEA window model, calculating and analyzing the environmental efficiency of grain production in Yunnan. Fifth, analysis of the factors affecting the efficiency of food production in Yunnan, affecting the efficiency of grain production in Yunnan by constructing the Tobit regression model, and find out the factors significantly affecting the efficiency of Yunnan grain production, from production the input factors to find ways to improve the efficiency of grain production in Yunnan. Through the data analysis and model estimation, the main conclusions are as follows: first, in 2014 the Yunnan province grain production efficiency is much lower than most of the provinces in the country, showing no food production efficiency, in comparison with other domestic provinces and the efficiency of grain production in Yunnan to the Jilin province should learn from the experience of grain production. In second, Yunnan province grain total factor productivity growth, The growth effect caused by the technological progress is greater than the level effect. Technical efficiency has become a major source of food to enhance the total factor productivity of advanced technology of grain production in Yunnan Province, shows that grain production in Yunnan province increasing emphasis on technological progress, science and technology has become the main means of grain yield in Yunnan Province, and there are significant regional differences. Third clusters in Yunnan the grain production efficiency from the provincial capital city of Kunming to the edge of space diffusion, diffusion from the Han areas to minority regions, there is a significant agglomeration phenomenon in space. In fourth, the northern part of Yunnan province food environment of high production efficiency, mainly for alpine plateau, factors of production such as chemical fertilizers, pesticides, machinery costs less, so undesirableoutputs (carbon emissions) less; and in southern Yunnan province of grain production in the environment of low efficiency, mostly tropical and subtropical climate, grain production of chemical fertilizer, Pesticide demand, input of chemical fertilizers, pesticides and other factors of production more, the grain production undesirableoutputs (carbon emissions). Fifth more, the total power of grain planting area and grain production machinery has a significant negative correlation between the efficiency of Yunnan grain production, grain production has a significant positive correlation between the number of employees of food in Yunnan the amount of chemical fertilizer production, food production is not significant correlation between the grain production. Finally, put forward the corresponding policy recommendations according to the conclusion of the study.

【学位授予单位】：中国农业大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F326.11

【参考文献】