集群企业合作困境的形成机理及治理机制

发布时间：2018-04-09 14:50

本文选题：企业集群　切入点：合作困境　出处：《重庆大学》2015年博士论文

【摘要】：经济全球化和经济地方化是当今世界经济发展的两大趋势,两者看似矛盾,实则不然。经济全球化促进了资源和生产要素在全球的优化配置,具备吸引力的地区在聚集优势资源和引入关联企业后形成新的增长极,此时本地市场或国内市场已经不能满足产品供应,促生了集聚企业进入全球市场的动力。正是这种良性循环发展形成了当今世界经济的两大特征。相关企业及相关的支撑机构(如金融、保险、科研院)聚集在一定区域形成了企业集群,进而形成了世界经济版图上色彩斑斓的块状“经济马赛克”,绝大多数世界财富都是在这些区域内被创造出来,它已成为当代经济发展中的普遍现象,发达国家（地区）和发展中国家都随处可见,如美国硅谷电子产业,德国慕尼黑汽车业,法国巴黎的时装业,中国北京中关村的信息产业,台湾新竹的半导体,浙江柳市的低压电器,嵊州的领带业等。企业集群有利于促进企业的创新,提高产业的整体竞争能力,提升区域经济的竞争力。合作是人类文明的基石,对人类社会至关重要,地理邻近、共享的基础设施、发达的分工以及专业化的劳动力市场等集群特质减少了集群内企业合作的成本,企业合作中能够实现资源和信息共享,风险共担。然而由于信息不对称、个体利益与整体利益冲突、产业链不完善、根植性过强、开放程度不高等障碍可能导致集群企业合作过程中道德风险、搭便车、规模不经济、技术锁定等合作困境的出现。本文主要研究的便是分析集群企业合作困境的成因并探寻其内在机理,针对合作困境,提出增强集群企业合作的方式与途径,给出企业集群协作系统构建过程中的政府与市场行为,主要研究内容如下:首先,在梳理企业集群理论及集群企业合作相关理论的基础上,阐述了集群企业合作特性及合作演化机制;紧接着对集群企业的合作困境的成因进行了分析,并通过构建具溢出效应的双寡头企业产量竞争博弈模型,运用系统动力学方法及博弈理论,结合MATLAB软件,探寻了合作中过度的知识技术溢出、信息不对称、政府或行业协会的不作为以及社会网络根植性之于合作困境形成的内在机理。其次,面对合作困境,从行业协会治理、基于间接互惠的声誉传递、政府规制以及多元经济补给四个方面给出了集群企业合作困境的解决途径,突出了有成本的惩罚治理、无成本的声誉机制以及多元经济在治理集群企业合作困境的重要性。随后,从推进专业化分工结构、调整差异化产品结构、构建低成本服务体系、重构多赢格局的价值链、优化一体化资源配置及扩张规模经济的价值网络六个方面增强集群企业合作,提高集群企业合作方式集聚化程度。并通过建模和数值模拟得出,生产差异化产品的集群双寡头企业合作中,集群溢出越高,越有利于产品市场价格的稳定和企业利润的提高。此外,论文还在给出企业集群合作困境的治理机制的同时,从空间布局、基础设施、政府统筹、信息平台、试点示范等方面提出了相应的增强集群企业合作的相关建议和措施。
[Abstract]:The economic globalization and localization are the two major trends of economic development in the world, the two seemingly contradictory, actually otherwise. Economic globalization has promoted the optimization of allocation of resources and factors of production in the world, attractive area of new growth pole is formed in the advantage of resource gathering and the introduction of related enterprises, the local market or the domestic market has not meet the product supply, prokinetic students agglomeration of enterprises to enter the global market. It is this kind of virtuous cycle of development has formed two major features of the world economy. The relevant enterprises and related supporting institutions (such as finance, insurance, scientific research institute) together to form clusters in a certain region, and has formed a colorful world economic map the massive "economic mosaic", most of the world's wealth has been created in these areas, it has become common in contemporary economic development The phenomenon of developed countries and developing countries (regions) can be seen everywhere, such as the United States Silicon Valley electronic industry, the German auto industry in Munich, France Paris Beijing Zhongguancun Chinese fashion industry, information industry, semiconductor Taiwan Hsinchu, Zhejiang Liushi Shengzhou low voltage electric appliance, the tie industry. The enterprise cluster is conducive to the promotion of enterprise innovation, improve the overall competitiveness of the industry, enhance the competitiveness of the regional economy. Cooperation is the cornerstone of human civilization, is essential to human society, geographic proximity, sharing of infrastructure, developed and specialized division of labor market cluster enterprise cluster cooperation characteristics to reduce the cost, enterprises can realize the sharing of resources and information. Risk sharing. However, because of the information asymmetry, the individual interests and the overall interests of the conflict, the industry chain is not perfect, is too strong, the opening degree is not high obstacle Lead to moral hazard, the process of cooperation of cluster enterprises in hitchhiking, scale economy, technological lock-in dilemma of cooperation. This paper mainly focuses on the analysis of the causes of cluster enterprise cooperation predicament and explore its mechanism, aiming at the predicament of cooperation, and put forward ways to strengthen the cluster enterprise cooperation, the government and market behavior in the process of builds enterprise cluster collaboration system, the main research contents are as follows: firstly, in combing the theory of cluster and cluster enterprise cooperation based on the related theories, expounds the characteristics of cooperation and cooperation of enterprise cluster evolution mechanism; then causes cooperation predicament of enterprises in the cluster are analyzed, and through the construction of yield duopoly competition game model with spillover effects, using the method of system dynamics and game theory, combined with MATLAB software, to explore the knowledge and technology spillovers over cooperation, information The asymmetry of the government or industry associations are not as well as the internal mechanism of social network based on cooperative dilemma formation. Secondly, facing the predicament of cooperation, governance from the industry association, reputation based on indirect reciprocity, government regulation and multiple economic supplies four aspects to the way to solve the dilemma of enterprise cluster, highlight the the punishment cost of governance, the importance of cost free reputation mechanism and multiple economic cooperation in the enterprise cluster governance dilemma. Then, from the promotion of specialization structure, adjust the difference of product structure, construction of low cost service system, value chain reconstruction win-win situation, optimize the allocation of resources and the integration of the six aspects of the expansion of the scale of economic value network to enhance the cluster cooperation, improve cooperation enterprise cluster agglomeration degree. And through modeling and numerical simulation show that the production of differentiated products cluster Duopoly enterprises cooperation, cluster spillover is higher, more conducive to the market price of the product is stable and enterprise profit increase. In addition, the paper also gives the enterprise cluster governance mechanism of cooperation dilemma at the same time, from the space layout, infrastructure, government co-ordination, information platform, pilot demonstration and put forward relevant suggestions to enhance enterprise clusters cooperation and corresponding measures.

【学位授予单位】：重庆大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F272

【相似文献】