药用真菌桑黄化学成分的研究

发布时间：2018-01-15 00:26

本文关键词：药用真菌桑黄化学成分的研究　出处：《安徽医科大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：药用真菌火木层孔菌Phellinus igniarius(L.Ex Fr.)属于担子菌门、层菌纲、非褶菌目、多孔菌科、针层孔菌属,是我国传统中药桑黄的重要来源菌之一。桑黄又名桑耳、桑臣、树鸡、桑黄菇、桑上寄生、猢狲眼等,素有“森林黄金”之美称。桑黄主要分布于我国西北、东北、华北及四川和云南等地,在日本、韩国和朝鲜等东亚国家亦有分布。主要寄生于桑树、杨树、栎树等阔叶树腐朽的树干上。子实体入药,具有广泛的药用价值。在国际上被公认为目前在生物治癌领域中有效率最高的药用真菌。在传统中药中,桑黄主要用于抗肿瘤、保护肝脏、治疗胃溃疡等。研究表明桑黄中含有多种有效成分,已报道分离到的化学成分主要包括萜类、甾体类、黄酮类、吡喃酮类、酚性化合物、香豆素类、多糖等种类的化合物;药理作用主要为免疫调节、抗肿瘤、抗氧化、保护肝脏和抗肝硬化等。为了探索桑黄抗肿瘤作用的物质基础,便于深入开发我国珍贵的桑黄资源,本文分别对野生桑黄和人工种植桑黄95%乙醇提取物进行了系统的化学成分研究。本研究先后利用HPD 100大孔树脂、MCI、ODS、C8、制备硅胶薄层层析、硅胶柱层析、凝胶柱层析等多种层析技术对桑黄中的化学成分进行分离纯化,运用核磁共振、质谱等有机波谱解析技术对所分离到的单体化合物进行结构鉴定,从桑黄中一共分离鉴定了25个化合物。其中,从野生桑黄中分离鉴定了12个化合物,分别为:尿嘧啶(1)、乙基-β-D-葡萄糖苷(2)、海藻糖(3)、呋喃(4)、尿嘧啶核苷(5)、丙三醇(6)、脑苷脂B(7)、泽泻醇(8)、(22E,24R)-麦角甾-7,22-二烯-3β,5α,6β-三醇(9)、邻苯二甲酸二甲酯(10)、樱花亭(11)、(22E,24R)-麦角甾-7,9(11),22-三烯-3β,5α,6α-三醇(12)。从人工种植桑黄中分离得到13个化合物,分别为:豆甾-7,22-二烯-3β,5α,6α-三醇(13)、对乙酰氨基酚(14)、4-(3,4-二羟苯基)-3-丁烯-2-酮(15)、原儿茶醛(16)、3α-羟基木栓烷-2-酮(17)、3-羟基木栓烷-3-烯-2-酮(18)、麦角甾-4,6,8(14),22-四烯-3-酮(19)、麦角甾醇过氧化物(20)、尿嘧啶(1)、尿嘧啶核苷(5)、Inotilone(21)、Inoseavin A(22)、Phellibaumin E(23)。其中乙基-β-D-葡萄糖苷(2)、海藻糖(3)、呋喃(4)、泽泻醇(8)、邻苯二甲酸二甲酯(10)、对乙酰氨基酚(14)六个化合物为首次从桑黄所在的针层孔菌属(Phellinus Quel.)中发现;其中(22E,24R)-麦角甾-7,22-二烯-3β,5α,6β-三醇(9)、(22E,24R)-麦角甾-7,9(11),22-三烯-3β,5α,6α-三醇(12)两个化合物为首次从桑黄(Phellinus igniarius)中发现。本课题还选取了41株离体肿瘤细胞和2株正常仓鼠细胞,采用Cell Titer-GLo ATP荧光活性检测法对其中的11个化合物(15-23,1,5)进行了高通量筛选,发现4个体外抗肿瘤效果明显的化合物(15,18,19,20),并且结果显示所有化合物对正常细胞均无毒副作用。
[Abstract]:The medicinal fungus Phellinus igniarius(L.Ex Fr. belongs to basidiomycetes, lamella, non-pleiophyllum, polyporaceae and Needles. Mulberry yellow also known as mulberry ear, Sanchen, tree chicken, mulberry mushroom, mulberry parasitism, monkey eyes, etc., known as "forest gold". Mulberry yellow is mainly distributed in the northwest of China. Northeast China, North China, Sichuan and Yunnan, also distributed in East Asian countries such as Japan, South Korea and Korea. Parasitic mainly on the rotten trunks of mulberry, poplar, oak and other broad-leaved trees. The fruiting body is used for medicine. It has a wide range of medicinal value. It is recognized as the most effective medicinal fungus in the field of biological cancer treatment. In traditional Chinese medicine, mulberry is mainly used for anti-tumor and liver protection. Treatment of gastric ulcer. Studies show that Mulberry yellow contains a variety of active components, the reported chemical constituents mainly include terpenoids, steroids, flavonoids, pyrone, phenolic compounds, coumarins. Polysaccharides and other kinds of compounds; The pharmacological effects are mainly immune regulation, anti-tumor, anti-oxidation, protection of liver and anti-cirrhosis, etc. In order to explore the material basis of anti-tumor effect of mulberry yellow, it is convenient to further develop the precious mulberry yellow resources in China. The chemical constituents of ethanol extracts from wild and artificial mulberry yellow 95% were studied in this paper. Preparation of silica gel thin-layer chromatography, silica gel column chromatography, gel column chromatography and other chromatography techniques to separate and purify the chemical components in Morus Mori, and use nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The structures of the isolated monomers were identified by mass spectrometry and other organic spectral analysis techniques. 25 compounds were isolated and identified from mulberry and 12 compounds were isolated and identified from wild mulberry. The results were as follows: uracil, ethyl- 尾 -glucoside, trehalose, furan, uracil, triglyceride, glucoside B7, alismatine 8). The results were as follows: (1) 2E ~ (22) E ~ (24) R ~ (+) -ergosterol -7 ~ (22) -diene -3 尾 -5 伪 ~ (6) 尾 -triol ~ (9), 10 ~ (10) dimethyl phthalate, and 11 ~ (11) ~ (22) E of Cherry Blossom Pavilion. A total of 13 compounds were isolated from cultivated mulberry, which were identified as: Dousta-7. The results were as follows: (1) ~ (2) ~ (24) R ~ (2 +) -ergoster-7 ~ (9) C ~ (2 +) ~ (22) -triene-3 尾 -5 伪 -triol 6 伪 -triol ~ (12). 22-diene--3 尾 -5 伪 -butene-6 伪 -triol 13C, paracetamol 14, 4-dihydroxyphenyl 3-butene-3-butene-15, protocatechuic aldehydes 16). 3 伪 -hydroxyhydrin -2-one (17) -3-hydroxy-3-ene-2-one (18G), ergosterol -4 (6) (8An), 2-triene-3-one (19C), and (3) 伪 -hydroxy-thromboxygene-2-ketonone (3-hydroxy-trimethylethylene-3-ketene). Ergosterol peroxides 20, uracil 1, uracil 5, Inotiloneus 21, Inoseavin Agn22). Phellibaumin 23. Ethyl- 尾 -Dglucoside 2, trehalose 3, furan 4, alisin 8, dimethyl phthalate 10). Six compounds were first found from Phellinus Quel.in Mulberry. Among them, 22E ~ (22) E ~ (24) R ~ (+) -ergosterol -7 ~ (22) -diene ~ (-3) -5 伪 ~ (6) 尾 -triol ~ (9) ~ (-) ~ (22) E ~ (2 +) ~ (24) R ~ (-) -ergoster-7 ~ (7) -9 ~ (11) C ~ (22) -triene ~. 5 伪. Two compounds from Phellinus igniarius were isolated from Phellinus japonicus for the first time. 41 isolated tumor cells and 2 normal hamster cells were selected. Cell Titer-GLo ATP fluorescence assay was used to screen 11 of them. Four compounds with obvious antitumor effect in vitro were found. The results showed that all the compounds had no toxic and side effects on normal cells.
【学位授予单位】：安徽医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R284.1

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