大黄属八种高山药用植物的化学成分及生物活性研究

发布时间：2018-03-23 11:21

本文选题：青藏高原　切入点：大黄属　出处：《西藏大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：大黄为我国传统的中药材,具有泻下攻积、清热泻火等功效,其主要化学成分包括蒽醌类、鞣质类、苯丁酮类、二苯乙烯类等,这些化合物大部分都具有药理活性。不同大黄属植物化学成分和临床疗效不同,严重影响药材质量和疗效的稳定性。西藏有大黄属植物17种,根据形态、疗效分为君扎、曲扎和曲玛孜三类,但是不同的典籍对君扎、曲扎和曲玛孜大黄的记载不尽相同,在临床用药上也易出现混淆,所以有必要结合化学手段对藏药用大黄的有效成分及生物活性进行测定和分析,为藏药用大黄的合理利用和开发提供理论依据和数据支撑。本论文以掌叶大黄、喜马拉雅大黄、菱叶大黄等八种高山药用大黄的甲醇提取物为研究对象,用高效液相色谱法测定了15个样品中大黄酸、大黄素、芦荟大黄素等16种化合物的含量,并分别用DPPH法、ABTS法和FRAP法做了体外抗氧化研究,还用滤纸片法考察了样品对金黄色葡萄球菌、藤黄微球菌等13种菌株的抑菌活性。旨在为我区丰富高山药用植物的筛选与开发提供科学依据,同时也为深入研究它们的药理作用奠定基础。主要的研究成果如下:(1)建立了HPLC法同时测定大黄样品中16种化合物含量的方法,并对八种大黄进行了含量测定。结果显示不同品种大黄中16种成分的含量有明显差异。总体来说八种野生大黄药材中喜马拉雅大黄、心叶大黄和掌叶大黄质量最优,其次为穗序大黄和菱叶大黄,头序大黄、西藏大黄和小大黄次之。(2)所测定的样品均有DPPH自由基清除能力,ABTS自由基清除能力及还原Fe3+能力,不同种大黄的抗氧化活性不同,同种大黄不同采样点的抗氧化活性也存在一定差异。结合三种方法的测定结果,心叶大黄、穗序大黄和喜马拉雅大黄具有较好的抗氧化活性,甚至优于掌叶大黄;菱叶大黄、头序大黄、小大黄和西藏大黄的抗氧化活性稍弱。(3)DPPH法IC50的测定结果与大黄素-8-O-葡萄糖苷含量具有显著的负相关性(P0.05),与芦荟大黄素含量具有显著的负相关性(P0.05),与大黄素含量具有显著的负相关性(P0.01)。ABTS法IC50的测定结果与大黄素-8-O-葡萄糖苷含量具有显著的负相关性(P0.05),与芦荟大黄素含量具有显著的负相关性(P0.05),与大黄素含量具有显著的负相关性(P0.01),与大黄酚含量具有显著的负相关性(P0.05)。FRAP法Trolox当量的测定结果与大黄酚-1-O-葡萄糖苷含量具有显著的正相关性(P0.05),与大黄素-8-O-葡萄糖苷含量具有显著的正相关性(P0.01),与大黄素含量具有显著的正相关性(P0.01),与大黄酚含量具有显著的正相关性(P0.01)。(4)15个供试样品中只有6个样品具有抑菌活性,这6个样品总共对9种菌株体现出了抑菌活性,供试样品的抑制作用为细菌真菌,对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌作用最强。其中S2(喜马拉雅大黄)的抗菌效果最佳,对金黄色葡萄球菌、藤黄微球菌等7种菌株都有抑制作用。(5)结合八种大黄中16种化合物含量,抗氧化活性及抑菌活性结果可知这八种大黄中喜马拉雅大黄的质量要优于正品掌叶大黄,可以作为掌叶大黄的替代品,下一步应进一步重视喜马拉雅大黄的应用研究和开发价值。
[Abstract]:Rhubarb is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, a diarrhea attack plot, clearing heat and other effects, the main chemical constituents including anthraquinones, tannins, butyrophenone class two, styrene, most of these compounds have different pharmacological activities. The rhubarb plant chemical composition and clinical curative effect, seriously affect the stability the quality and efficacy of medicines. Tibet has the rhubarb plant 17, according to the shape, the curative effect is divided into Junzha, who Mazi and Qu three categories, but the various books of song and Junzha, who Mazi rhubarb records are not the same, in clinical medication is also prone to confusion, so it is necessary to combine the chemical means of Tibet the effective ingredients of medicinal rhubarb and biological activity were determined and analyzed, providing theoretical basis and data support for the rational utilization of Tibetan medicinal rhubarb and development. In this paper, rhubarb, rhubarb, Himalaya Ling, Ye Dahuang and other eight kinds of high Methanol extract of rhubarb as the research object with yam, the HPLC method for the determination of rhein, emodin in 15 samples, the content of aloe emodin and other 16 kinds of compounds, and respectively by DPPH method, ABTS method and FRAP method to do research on the antioxidant in vitro, with filter paper method were investigated aureus the antibacterial activity on Staphylococcus, Micrococcus luteus and other 13 strains. To provide the scientific basis for screening and development of mountain area rich in medicinal plants, but also laid the foundation for the further study of its pharmacological effects. The main results are as follows: (1) methods to establish a HPLC method for simultaneous determination of 16 compounds rhubarb samples, and eight kinds of rhubarb were determined. The results showed there was significant difference between the content of 16 kinds of components in different varieties of rhubarb. Overall, eight Himalaya wild rhubarb rhubarb, Ye Dahuang and palm heart Ye Dahuang optimal quality, followed by the spike singharanut leaf rhubarb and rhubarb, rhubarb and rhubarb head sequence, Tibet small rhubarb second. (2) the determination of the samples had DPPH radical scavenging activity, ABTS radical scavenging ability and Fe3+ reduction ability, antioxidant activity of different kinds of rhubarb, rhubarb with different antioxidant activity sampling some have some differences. The determination results of three methods were rhubarb, rhubarb and rhubarb bluebunch Himalaya has good antioxidant activity, even better than Rhubarb; Ling Ye Dahuang, head of the order of rhubarb, rhubarb and weaker antioxidant activity of small Tibet rhubarb. (3) the test results of the DPPH method of IC50 has negative correlation significant -8-O- and emodin glucoside content (P0.05), there is a significant negative correlation with the contents of aloe emodin (P0.05), has a significant negative correlation with the content of emodin (P0.01) by.ABTS IC50 test Results there is a significant negative correlation with the content of emodin -8-O- glucoside (P0.05), there is a significant negative correlation with the contents of aloe emodin (P0.05), there is a significant negative correlation with the content of emodin (P0.01), there is a significant negative correlation with the content of chrysophanol (P0.05).FRAP assay results of Trolox equivalent -1-O- glucoside and chrysophanol content has a significant positive correlation (P0.05), has a significant positive correlation with the content of emodin -8-O- glucoside (P0.01), has a significant positive correlation with the content of emodin (P0.01), has a significant positive correlation with the content of chrysophanol (P0.01) (4) for 15. Samples only 6 samples have antibacterial activity, the 6 samples of a total of 9 strains showed antimicrobial activity, inhibition of tested samples for bacteria and fungi, the strongest antibacterial effect on Staphylococcus aureus. The S2 (Himalaya The best antibacterial effect of rhubarb), Staphylococcus aureus, Micrococcus luteus and other 7 strains were inhibited. (5) combined with the content of eight kinds of 16 kinds of compounds in rhubarb, antioxidant activity and antimicrobial activity of the quality of Himalaya shows that this eight kinds of rhubarb rhubarb is better than genuine rhubarb, rhubarb can be used as the alternative, the next step should pay great attention to applied research and development value of Himalaya rhubarb.

【学位授予单位】：西藏大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R284.1

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