9617例口腔颌面外科住院患者的疾病谱分析

发布时间：2018-04-10 13:42

  本文选题：口腔颌面外科 + 疾病谱　； 参考：《大连医科大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：背景:经过半个多世纪的努力,我国口腔颌面外科从诞生走向成熟,颌面外科疾病的分类、构成及诊治在学科发展过程中不断地发生变化。改革开放后,社会经济水平改善,大众对口腔问题的关注度日益提高,口腔疾病的发展趋势成为学者们研究的热点。目的:对口腔颌面外科住院病人主要疾病构成的种类及变化趋势进行探讨,分析住院病人疾病谱的演变过程,为医疗工作者的临床及科研工作提供数据参考,并填补辽南地区口腔疾病谱研究的空缺。方法:对大连医科大学附属第一医院口腔颌面外科2002年1月1日至2015年12月31日期间收治的9617例住院病人临床资料进行回顾分析。结果:1、口腔颌面外科病房共计收治9617例患者,男女比为1.5:1,患者平均年龄为44.3±19.7岁,住院病人数量逐年增加。2、排名前三位的疾病类型为颌面部肿瘤(3259例,33.8%),唾液腺疾病(2754例,28.6%),颌面部损伤(2420例,25.2%)。2012-2015年对比2002-2005年颌面部肿瘤及唾液腺疾病患者比重分别上升了 5.9%、2.8%,损伤及唇腭裂患者呈下降趋势。3、住院病人疾病构成排名前十位的是骨折、多形性腺瘤、颌骨囊肿、骨内固定物取出(骨折及肿瘤术后)、沃辛瘤、软组织损伤、淋巴结炎、粘液囊肿、间隙感染、血管瘤。住院病人中肿瘤患者(5076例)比重为52.8%,疾病谱前15位中有9种为肿瘤。4、颌面部损伤患者男女比3.77:1,交通伤、打架斗殴伤、摔伤在颌面部外伤原因中排名前三位,下颌骨、颧骨、上颌骨为最常见的骨折部位,骨折患者男女比为4:1,人均骨折1.6处。5、颌面部肿瘤患者良、恶性之比为2.20:1,颌骨囊肿(613例)及舌癌(177例)分别为我科最常见的颌面部良、恶性肿瘤。恶性淋巴瘤在恶性肿瘤中所占比重仅次于舌癌,主要发病部位是颈部和腮腺。6、1817例涎腺肿瘤良、恶性之比为5.9:1,多形性腺瘤及腺样囊性癌分别为最常见的涎腺良、恶性肿瘤,腮腺是最常见的涎腺肿瘤发病部位,在良、恶性肿瘤中所占比值分别为81.5%、59.5%。结论:1、颌面外科住院患者逐年增加,青年组(15～44岁)患者居首位,平均年龄高于深圳等南方地区。病人年龄段分布与其他地区间存在差异,与大连市人口结构关系密切。2、主要疾病类型为颌面部肿瘤、唾液腺疾病及损伤,肿瘤患者的比重最大且呈上升趋势。颌面部创伤患者的构成比逐年下降,与本地区交通环境的改善有关。3、大连市颌面外科住院病人疾病构成与北京、上海等一线城市不同,住院病人疾病谱在不同地区、不同级别的医疗机构中相差明显。4、肿瘤、唾液腺疾病及损伤三种类型疾病的住院患者构成情况与国内相关报道基本一致。
[Abstract]:Background: after more than half a century's efforts, oral and maxillofacial surgery in China has evolved from birth to maturity, and the classification, composition, diagnosis and treatment of maxillofacial surgery diseases have been constantly changing in the course of discipline development.Since the reform and opening up, the social and economic level has improved, the attention of the public to oral problems has been increasing, and the development trend of oral diseases has become a hot topic for scholars.Objective: to explore the types and trends of major diseases in oral and maxillofacial surgery inpatients, to analyze the evolution of disease spectrum of inpatients, and to provide data reference for the clinical and scientific research of medical workers.And fill the gap of oral disease spectrum research in southern Liaoning.Methods: the clinical data of 9617 inpatients in oral and maxillofacial surgery of the first affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University from January 1, 2002 to December 31, 2015 were retrospectively analyzed.Results A total of 9617 patients were admitted to the oral and maxillofacial surgery ward. The ratio of male to female was 1.5: 1. The average age of the patients was 44.3 卤19.7 years old.The number of hospitalized patients increased year by year. The top three disease types are maxillofacial tumor 3259 cases with tumor 33.8T, salivary gland disease 2754 cases with 28.6T, maxillofacial injury 2420 cases with maxillofacial tumor and salivary gland disease between 2002-2005 and the proportion of patients with maxillofacial neoplasms and salivary gland diseases increased respectively.The patients with injuries and cleft lip and palate showed a downward trend. The top ten diseases of hospitalized patients were fractures.Pleomorphic adenoma, jaw cyst, intraosseous fixation (fracture and tumor after operation, Waxinoma, soft tissue injury, lymphadenitis, mucocele, interspace infection, hemangioma.The proportion of cancer patients was 52.8%. Nine of the top 15 diseases were tumor. The ratio of male and female patients with maxillofacial injury was 3.77: 1. Traffic injury, fight and fight injury, fall were the top three causes of maxillofacial trauma, mandible and zygomatic bone.The maxillary bone was the most common fracture site. The ratio of male and female fracture was 4: 1, the average fracture was 1.6. The ratio of malignant to benign was 2.20: 1, the ratio of malignant to malignant was 2.20: 1, and tongue cancer was the most common benign and malignant tumor in maxillofacial region.The proportion of malignant lymphoma in malignant tumors is second only to that of tongue cancer. The main site of the disease is the cervical and parotid gland tumors. 1817 cases of salivary gland tumors are benign, the malignant ratio is 5.9: 1. Pleomorphic adenoma and adenoid cystic carcinoma are respectively the most common salivary gland benign and malignant tumors.Parotid gland is the most common site of salivary gland tumor, the ratio of benign and malignant tumors is 81.5% and 59.5% respectively.Conclusion the number of inpatients in maxillofacial surgery increased year by year, and the young group (1544 years old) was the first. The average age was higher than that in Shenzhen and other southern areas.The age distribution of patients was different from that of other regions and had a close relationship with the population structure of Dalian. The main types of diseases were maxillofacial tumors salivary gland diseases and injuries. The proportion of tumor patients was the largest and increased.The proportion of patients with maxillofacial trauma is decreasing year by year, which is related to the improvement of traffic environment in this area. The disease composition of maxillofacial surgery inpatients in Dalian is different from that in first-tier cities such as Beijing and Shanghai, and the disease spectrum of hospitalized patients is in different regions.There were significant differences among different levels of medical institutions. The inpatients' constitution of tumor, salivary gland disease and injury was basically consistent with the related reports in China.
【学位授予单位】：大连医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R782
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本文编号：1731430