实践共同体视角下的中国参与全球卫生治理研究

发布时间：2018-08-09 10:22

【摘要】：卫生与健康作为人类社会所必需的基本公共物品,近年来面临着严重的供给挑战。因此,卫生与健康议题在国际社会各项议程中的重要性正逐步提升。与此同时,确保人民健康也正成为中国"十三五"规划和全面建成小康社会的重要目标。在此国际和国内背景下,参与全球卫生治理已经成为中国构建"共商、共建、共享"的人类命运共同体,进一步推动全球治理体制变革的重要抓手。深入对中国参与全球卫生治理的研究也就具有重要的时代意义和现实意义。在既有对中国参与全球卫生治理的研究中,国内外学者出现了一种认知上的对立,即国内学者认为中国的参与是建设性的,而国外学者则认为是挑战性的。本文认为,实践共同体视角提供了一种化解该对立的切入点。当全球卫生治理被视为一种主体间互动的实践共同体时,作为实践者的中国可在结构-施动者互动的实践逻辑下,参与并塑造全球卫生治理。中国参与并适应全球卫生治理体系的同时,全球卫生治理体系也随中国参与的深入而逐渐变迁。本文共分为绪论、正文和结论三部分。其中正文部分为四章:第一章为理论梳理和本文的框架构建。在分别对国际实践的逻辑机理、全球卫生治理的实践属性和实践共同体理论的分析后,本文尝试构建一种全球卫生实践共同体的解释框架。第二章运用该框架分析了中国参与全球卫生治理的实践进阶,认为中国经历了身份合法性赋予、边缘性参与等阶段,并正向共同体的意义协商阶段迈进。第三章分析了中国进一步参与全球卫生治理所面临的机遇与挑战。其中,机遇包括三方面,分别是:均衡发展呼唤中国等金砖国家深度参与,政策互动提升中国价值贡献,以及亲善环境助力中非卫生合作。挑战包括四方面,分别是:全球民主倒退提升中国参与成本,"国际优先还是国内优先"催生卫生援外合法性困境,国内制度瓶颈有待突破,以及卫生智力支撑亟需加强。第四章为中国再塑全球卫生治理的路径选择,包括三方面:首先是夯实参与全球卫生治理的战略基础,包括:深化健康"一带一路"合作,构筑"中非命运共同体"的健康"升级版",和打造金砖国家"健康城市"合作机制。其次是巩固参与全球卫生治理的能力建设,包括:完善国内体制机制建设,健全援外法制体系,培植专业化社会组织,和构筑中国的全球卫生话语体系。最后是拓宽参与全球卫生治理的知识网络。包括:拓宽卫生机构网络,拓宽卫生产业网络,和拓宽卫生大数据网络。
[Abstract]:Sanitation and health, as essential public goods in human society, are facing serious supply challenges in recent years. As a result, health and health issues are becoming increasingly important on the international community's agendas. At the same time, ensuring people's health is becoming an important goal of China's 13th Five-Year Plan and building a well-off society in an all-round way. Under this international and domestic background, participation in global health governance has become an important grasp of China's construction of a community of human destinies that "discuss, build and share", and further promote the reform of global governance system. Further research on China's participation in global health governance is of great significance in the era and reality. In the existing research on China's participation in global health governance, there has been a cognitive opposition between domestic and foreign scholars, that is, Chinese participation is constructive, while foreign scholars think it is challenging. This paper holds that the perspective of community of practice provides a breakthrough point to resolve the opposition. When global health governance is regarded as an interactive practice community among subjects, China, as a practitioner, can participate in and shape global health governance under the practical logic of structure-actor interaction. While China participates in and adapts to the global health governance system, the global health governance system changes gradually with the deepening of China's participation. This paper is divided into three parts: introduction, text and conclusion. There are four chapters in the text: the first chapter is the theoretical combing and the frame construction of this paper. After analyzing the logical mechanism of international practice, the practical attributes of global health governance and the theory of practice community, this paper attempts to construct an explanatory framework of the global health practice community. The second chapter uses the framework to analyze the practice of China's participation in global health governance and points out that China has gone through the stages of identity legitimacy and marginal participation and is moving towards the stage of community significance negotiation. Chapter three analyzes the opportunities and challenges that China faces in participating in global health governance. The opportunities include three aspects: balanced development calls for China and other BRICS countries to participate deeply, policy interaction promotes China's value contribution, and goodwill environment contributes to China-Africa health cooperation. The challenges include four aspects: the retrogression of global democracy increases the cost of China's participation, the "international first or domestic priority" creates the legitimacy dilemma of health aid, the domestic institutional bottleneck needs to be broken through, and the health intellectual support needs to be strengthened. The fourth chapter is the path choice for China to remodel global health governance, which includes three aspects: first, to consolidate the strategic foundation of participating in global health governance, including: deepening the cooperation of health "Belt and Road". Build a healthy upgrade version of the China-Africa Community of Destiny, and build a BRICS "healthy City" cooperation mechanism. The second is to strengthen the ability to participate in global health governance, including: perfecting the domestic institutional mechanism, perfecting the legal system of foreign aid, cultivating specialized social organizations, and constructing China's global health discourse system. Finally, broaden the knowledge network involved in global health governance. Including: widen the network of health institutions, expand the network of health industry, and expand the network of health big data.
【学位授予单位】：上海社会科学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D822;R197.1

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