碳酸饮料与大学生运动员牙本质敏感的流行病学抽样调查

发布时间：2018-10-31 12:26

【摘要】：目的目前国内外对牙本质敏感的研究逐渐增多,有关流行病学调查也证实碳酸饮料的饮用与牙本质敏感有密切关联,而很多报道研究显示青年人群的牙本质敏感发病率在逐年上升,有报道称在运动后饮用的频率和量也有所增加,本研究的目的是了解合肥市大学生运动员牙本质敏感情况与饮用碳酸饮料习惯的关系,分析在采取干预措施以后的牙本质敏感情况变化,探讨不同饮用方式对牙本质敏感的影响。方法选择合肥市三所高校的运动队队员作为研究对象,以整群抽样的方法抽取600人进行牙本质敏感的问卷调查和临床检查,问卷调查采取现场问并专人记录的方法,根据问卷结果,对有饮用碳酸饮料习惯的465名学生进行牙本质敏感的临床检查,再将有牙本质敏感且有饮用碳酸饮料习惯的294名同学完全随机分组,A组空白对照组,不作任何干预,B组让同学每次饮用碳酸饮料后立即用清水漱口,C组让同学改用吸管喝碳酸饮料,分别观察3个月、6个月后检查其牙本质敏感的变化,但其中有2名学生分别因正畸和外伤将参照牙拔除和行根管治疗,所以实际研究学生292名。最后用SPSS19.0统计分析各组之间的差异。结果600名接受调查的大学生运动员中,从不饮用碳酸饮料的学生3.5%,极少饮用的学生19%,其余由饮用碳酸饮料习惯的学生共计465名,分别为每周饮用1-2次的有45.5%,每周饮用3-5次的有26%,每天饮用的6%。465名有饮用碳酸饮料习惯的学生中,49.7%的学生表示当运动强度增加时会增加饮用的量,在饮用行为方面,直接饮用的91.1%,偶尔使用吸管的有6.7%,每次均会使用吸管的仅2.2%。饮用后不漱口、不刷牙的89.9%,饮用后7.9%的学生用清水漱口,0.6%的会直接刷牙,1.5%的会先漱口再刷牙。对465名有饮用碳酸饮料习惯的学生进行牙本质敏感检查,有牙本质敏感的学生有305例,患病率达到65.5%,而因牙本质敏感就医的只有9.8%。在采取干预措施3个月后检查牙本质敏感情况,各组间差异没有统计学差异,6个月后检查,A组有21例症状加重,2例减轻,B组17例加重,6例减轻,1例消失,C第3组3例加重,27例减轻,5例消失。A、B组间没有统计学差异,C组和A、B组间均有统计学差异(P0.05)结论大学生运动员中饮用碳酸饮料的比例较高,达77.5%。大部分学生直接饮用,对牙本质敏感的了解及防患意识比较弱,需要增强这方面的卫生宣教工作。干预措施显示,喝完碳酸饮料后用立即清水漱口对改善牙本质敏感没有明显帮助,用吸管饮用碳酸饮料对改善牙本质敏感有帮助。
[Abstract]:Objective at present, the research on dentin sensitivity is increasing at home and abroad, and the epidemiological investigation also proves that the consumption of carbonated drinks is closely related to dentin sensitivity. Many studies have shown that the incidence of dentin sensitivity among young people is increasing year by year, and it has been reported that the frequency and quantity of drinking after exercise has also increased. The purpose of this study was to understand the relationship between dentin sensitivity and drinking habits of college athletes in Hefei, and to analyze the changes of dentin sensitivity after intervention. To explore the effect of different drinking ways on dentin sensitivity. Methods 600 sports team members from three colleges and universities in Hefei were selected by cluster sampling for dentin sensitive questionnaire and clinical examination. According to the results of the questionnaire, 465 students who had the habit of drinking carbonated drinks were tested for dentin sensitivity, and 294 students who had the habit of drinking carbonated drinks were randomly divided into two groups: group A, blank control group. Without any intervention, group B allowed students to gargle with clear water immediately after drinking carbonated drinks, group C allowed students to drink carbonated drinks through straw, and observed the changes of dentin sensitivity after 3 months and 6 months, respectively. But two of them were treated with tooth extraction and root canal therapy respectively because of orthodontics and trauma, so 292 students were studied. Finally, SPSS19.0 was used to analyze the differences among the groups. Results among the 600 college athletes surveyed, 3.5 students never drank carbonated drinks, 19 students rarely drank carbonated drinks, and 465 students had the habit of drinking carbonated drinks. Of the 66.465 students who drank carbonated drinks every day, 45.5 were drunk 1-2 times a week, 26 were drunk 3-5 times a week. 49.7% of the students said that the amount of drinking would increase when the intensity of exercise increased. In drinking behavior, 91.1% of the students drank directly, 6.7% occasionally used the straw, and only 2.2% of them used the straw every time. After drinking, 7.9% of the students gargled with clear water, 0.6% brushed their teeth directly and 1.5% brushed their teeth first. A total of 465 students with the habit of drinking carbonated drinks were examined for dentin sensitivity. 305 students with dentin sensitivity had a prevalence rate of 65.5, but only 9.8 were admitted to hospital because of dentin sensitivity. After 3 months of intervention, there was no statistical difference between the two groups. After 6 months, 21 patients in group A had aggravated symptoms, 2 patients had relieved, 17 patients in group B had aggravated, 6 patients had alleviated, and 1 patient had disappeared. In group C, 3 cases were aggravated, 27 cases alleviated and 5 cases disappeared. There was no statistical difference between group A and B, but there was significant difference between group C and group A (P0.05). Conclusion the proportion of carbonated drinks among college athletes is higher than that of group B (P0.05). Up to 77.5. Most students who drink directly have weak awareness of dentin sensitivity and prevention, and need to strengthen health education in this field. Intervention measures showed that rinsing with clear water immediately after drinking carbonated drinks did not significantly help to improve dentin sensitivity, but drinking carbonated drinks with straw was helpful to improve dentin sensitivity.
【学位授予单位】：安徽医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R781.2

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