责任伦理视域下的医患关系研究

发布时间：2018-11-27 12:53

【摘要】：深受我国医学科学水平极速提升的影响,当代的医疗技术与环境也在同步革新。但与之形成鲜明对比的,是频频爆发的医疗纠纷所造成的医患冲突。这一矛盾,已是现代中国无法回避且急需解决的重大社会和民生保障问题。传统伦理理论的沿袭影响着医患之间的伦理关系,传统的医学伦理受到中国儒家伦理以及道义论、功利论、德性论等西方主流伦理的影响,在某些历史时期医患关系相对稳定和平衡。当代科学技术的急速发展给人类的社会生活带来了翻天覆地的变化,然而在国民经济和科学技术双双飞速发展的时代背景下,医患关系面临时代危机。面对伦理冲突,传统的理论伦理学已经无法提供为解决当下由一系列崭新的实践问题所引发冲突的范式。我们迫切需要一种新颖的,能够让社会大众摆脱现行价值冲突困境的伦理理论。当代我国新时代背景下的医患矛盾需要寻求适应新时代的伦理理论去规范。20世纪下半叶后出现的西方应用伦理学研究的核心范畴——责任伦理,奠立在责任原则的基础之上的伦理学概念,凭借运用责任原则来化解当代人类面临着的复杂问题而适应时代的精神。责任伦理学凭借对传统理论伦理学的超越,并以应用论理学的实践性宽阔视角,对道德主体的行为及其后果进行道德评价和价值指引,引领人们对自身的行为以及行为后果承担各自对应的责任。医患矛盾与时代背景、社会主流价值观等因素密切相关,当代医患矛盾中隐含的责任伦理问题非常突出。责任伦理学凭借自身应用伦理学的实践属性,可以成为解析医患矛盾甚至冲突问题的伦理价值基础,以其独特的概念、类型、特点及范式,成为改善当代中国医患矛盾的重要方法论之一。借助责任伦理学的精髓,理清医患矛盾中所涉及的相关责任主体,根据各自的行为承担与之对应的伦理责任。责任伦理学凭借它那开阔的研究视域和对社会实际问题的掌握,为探寻调节医患矛盾中涉及的相关伦理道德问题,提供了全新的伦理理论和实践操作范式。在责任伦理的导引下建设责任政府,提升政府履责能力,推进公正医疗、建立医患责任共同体、加强媒体责任自律,通过全社会的共同参与和医患双方的不断努力,建立和睦融洽的医患关系。融入责任伦理思想的精华,医患之间被要求处于相互关怀的融洽社会氛围之中,为构建和谐医患关系提供了全新的视角。
[Abstract]:Deeply influenced by the rapid improvement of medical science in China, modern medical technology and environment are also innovating simultaneously. But in sharp contrast, the frequent outbreak of medical disputes caused by doctor-patient conflict. This contradiction has become a major social and livelihood guarantee problem that cannot be evaded and urgently needed to be solved in modern China. The inheritance of traditional ethics theory affects the ethical relationship between doctors and patients. Traditional medical ethics is influenced by Chinese Confucian ethics and mainstream western ethics, such as deontology, utilitarianism, virtue, and so on. In some historical periods, the relationship between doctors and patients is relatively stable and balanced. The rapid development of modern science and technology has brought tremendous changes to the social life of human beings. However, under the background of the rapid development of national economy and science and technology, the doctor-patient relationship is facing the crisis of the times. In the face of ethical conflicts, traditional theoretical ethics can no longer provide a paradigm for solving conflicts caused by a series of new practical problems. We urgently need a novel ethical theory that can get the public out of the current dilemma of value conflict. The contradiction between doctors and patients under the background of the new era in contemporary China needs to be standardized by the ethical theory adapted to the new era. The core category of the western applied ethics research after the second half of the 20th century is the ethics of responsibility. Based on the principle of responsibility, the concept of ethics adapts to the spirit of the times by applying the principle of responsibility to resolve the complex problems facing contemporary human beings. Based on the transcendence of the traditional theoretical ethics and the wide perspective of the practical nature of the applied theory, the ethics of responsibility carries out moral evaluation and value guidance on the behavior of the moral subject and its consequences. Lead people to take responsibility for their own behavior and its consequences. The contradiction between doctors and patients is closely related to the background of the times, social mainstream values and other factors. By virtue of its practical attribute of applied ethics, liability ethics can become the basis of ethical value in analyzing the problems of doctor-patient contradiction or even conflict, with its unique concepts, types, characteristics and paradigms. It has become one of the important methods to improve the contradiction between doctors and patients in contemporary China. With the help of the essence of responsibility ethics, this paper clarifies the relevant subjects of responsibility involved in the contradiction between doctors and patients, and undertakes the corresponding ethical responsibilities according to their respective actions. With its broad research horizon and grasp of social practical problems, the ethics of responsibility provides a new paradigm of ethical theory and practice for exploring and regulating the ethical and moral problems involved in the contradiction between doctors and patients. Under the guidance of responsibility ethics, we should build a responsible government, promote the ability of the government to carry out its duties, promote fair medical treatment, establish a doctor-patient responsibility community, strengthen the self-discipline of media responsibility, and through the joint participation of the whole society and the continuous efforts of both doctors and patients, Establish harmonious doctor-patient relations. Integrating into the essence of responsibility ethics, doctors and patients are required to be in a harmonious social atmosphere of mutual concern, which provides a new perspective for the construction of harmonious doctor-patient relationship.
【学位授予单位】：苏州科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R197.3

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