金银花和丹参远红外鼓风干燥动力学及水分散失机制
发布时间：2019-06-28 19:07
【摘要】：金银花为忍冬科植物忍冬(Lonicera Japonica Thunb)的干燥花蕾或初开的花。富含黄酮类、挥发油、三萜类及有机酸等活性成分,具有抑菌、解毒、疏散风热等作用。丹参(Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge)系唇形科植物,以干燥根和根茎入药,具有改善心肌缺血、抗动脉粥样硬化、保护心肌等多种功效,是中医学中最常用的活血化瘀中药。金银花和丹参均为山东省重要的大宗中药材,也是山东的道地药材,市场容量大。近年来,随着市场需求量的增大,金银花和丹参的种植面积扩大,产地干燥加工成为影响其质量的重要因素。本文研究了远红外鼓风联合干燥过程中金银花和丹参干燥特性、干燥动力学及干制品品质及其基于低场核磁技术(LF-NMR)的远红外鼓风干燥过程中水分分布状态,以期为提高金银花和丹参产地干燥加工成技术、质量水平提供理论依据,对金银花和丹参加工贮藏有着重要的意义。主要研究结果、结论如下:1.远红外鼓风联合干燥过程中金银花和丹参干燥特性、干燥动力学及干制品品质的研究金银花和丹参在远红外鼓风干燥过程中,干燥温度越高,用时越短,降速阶段为其干燥的主要阶段。干燥的动力学模型拟合结果表明试验值与Page模型的预测值吻合性好,可以用来预测和描述金银花和丹参远红外鼓风干燥的失水过程。费克第二定律求得金银花在干燥过程中的水分有效扩散系数(Deff)在5.0661×10-10~7.5991×10-9 m2/s内,丹参的水分有效扩散系数为3.2423×10-10~1.2969×10-9 m2/s,且随温度的升高逐渐增大。阿伦尼乌斯方程计算得出金银花远红外鼓风干燥平均活化能为33.5690 KJ/mol,丹参为41.4328 KJ/mol。35℃时金银花的色差值△E最小,有效成分含量最高,与阴干相比可提高效率并保证产品质量。丹参的红外鼓风干燥温度宜选择50~70℃,此时干燥成品的丹酚酸B和丹参酮ⅡA含量较高。2.基于低场核磁技术(LF-NMR)的金银花和丹参远红外鼓风干燥过程中水分分布状态不同花期的金银花(三青期、大白期和全花期)中均含有三种状态的水:结合水、不易流动水和自由水,其含量为:不易流动水结合水自由水;三青期金银花的结合水和自由水含量高于大白期和开花期,不易流动水含量相对低于大白期和开花期;金银花干燥过程中,不同状态的水也呈现出不同的变化规律,不易流动水含量逐渐减小,结合水含量先减少后增加,干燥过程改变了金银花内部水分分布状态和水分含量,不同状态的水分之间会发生一定的相互转化,三青期金银花中部分结合水在干燥初期流动性变大,后期流动性变小,大白期金银花结合水流动性持续变小。干燥过程中金银花水分含量与不易流动水的峰面积、总峰面积均有较高的相关性(R20.9),LFNMR技术为金银花中水分分布及变化规律提供了直观的参考依据。丹参内部水分主要以自由水、不易流动水状态存在,在整个干燥过程中自由水含量逐渐降低,直至完全干燥。结合水含量的在干燥初期逐渐增加后期降低,束缚水含量逐渐降低,直至完全消失。结合水、不易流动水和自由水的T2值随着干燥的进行均呈减小。65℃干燥条件下,低场核磁共振成像显示,丹参表皮以下中空部分以上水分含量较高,中心部分由于纤维素含量较高且有一定孔隙所以信号强度相对较弱,干燥过程中由于水分受热发生迁移,水分分布区域逐渐变得均匀,但总量明显减弱,烘干时间达到4.5 h时,水分基本全部挥发。
[Abstract]:The lonicera is a dried flower or an initial flower of lonicera japonica Thunb. Is rich in active ingredients such as flavonoids, volatile oil, triviol and organic acid, and has the effects of inhibiting bacteria, removing toxic materials, and dispelling wind and heat. Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae (Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge) is a Labiatae plant, and is used for drying root and rhizome, and has various effects of improving myocardial ischemia, resisting atherosclerosis, protecting myocardium, and the like, and is the most commonly used Chinese medicine for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis in traditional Chinese medicine. The honeysuckle and the red-rooted salvia are important bulk Chinese medicinal materials in Shandong, and are also the traditional Chinese medicinal materials of Shandong, and the market capacity is large. In recent years, with the increase of the demand of the market, the planting area of the honeysuckle and the red sage root is expanded, and the dry processing of the producing area is an important factor affecting the quality. In this paper, the drying characteristics, the drying kinetics and the dry product quality of the honeysuckle and the red-rooted salvia in the combined drying process of the far-infrared blast are studied, and the moisture distribution in the far-infrared blowing drying process based on low-field nuclear magnetic technology (LF-NMR) is studied. In ord to provide a theoretical foundation for improving that dry and processing technology and the quality level of the honeysuckle and the red-rooted salvia, it is of great significance to the processing and storage of the honeysuckle and the red-rooted salvia. The main results of the study are as follows:1. In the far-infrared air-blast combined drying process, the drying characteristics, the drying kinetics and the dry product quality of the honeysuckle and the red-rooted salvia are studied, and the drying temperature of the honeysuckle and the red-rooted salvia in the far-infrared air-blowing drying process is higher, the time is shorter, and the speed-down stage is the main stage of the drying. The experimental results show that the experimental value is in good agreement with the predicted value of the Page model, and can be used to predict and describe the dehydration process of the far-infrared air-blast drying of the honeysuckle and the red-rooted salvia. Fick's second law found that the effective diffusion coefficient (Deff) of the water in the drying process of the honeysuckle was in the range of 5.0661-10-10-7.5991-10-9m2/ s, the effective diffusion coefficient of the red-rooted salvia was 3.2423-10-10-1.2969-10-9m2/ s, and the temperature increase gradually. The average activation energy of the far-infrared air-blast drying of the honeysuckle is 33.5690 KJ/ mol, the red sage root is 41.4328 KJ/ mol, the color difference of the honeysuckle is the smallest when the red sage root is 35 DEG C, the content of the active ingredients is the highest, the efficiency is improved and the product quality is ensured as compared with the shade. The infrared blowing and drying temperature of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae should be 50 ~ 70 鈩，
本文编号：2507537
[Abstract]:The lonicera is a dried flower or an initial flower of lonicera japonica Thunb. Is rich in active ingredients such as flavonoids, volatile oil, triviol and organic acid, and has the effects of inhibiting bacteria, removing toxic materials, and dispelling wind and heat. Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae (Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge) is a Labiatae plant, and is used for drying root and rhizome, and has various effects of improving myocardial ischemia, resisting atherosclerosis, protecting myocardium, and the like, and is the most commonly used Chinese medicine for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis in traditional Chinese medicine. The honeysuckle and the red-rooted salvia are important bulk Chinese medicinal materials in Shandong, and are also the traditional Chinese medicinal materials of Shandong, and the market capacity is large. In recent years, with the increase of the demand of the market, the planting area of the honeysuckle and the red sage root is expanded, and the dry processing of the producing area is an important factor affecting the quality. In this paper, the drying characteristics, the drying kinetics and the dry product quality of the honeysuckle and the red-rooted salvia in the combined drying process of the far-infrared blast are studied, and the moisture distribution in the far-infrared blowing drying process based on low-field nuclear magnetic technology (LF-NMR) is studied. In ord to provide a theoretical foundation for improving that dry and processing technology and the quality level of the honeysuckle and the red-rooted salvia, it is of great significance to the processing and storage of the honeysuckle and the red-rooted salvia. The main results of the study are as follows:1. In the far-infrared air-blast combined drying process, the drying characteristics, the drying kinetics and the dry product quality of the honeysuckle and the red-rooted salvia are studied, and the drying temperature of the honeysuckle and the red-rooted salvia in the far-infrared air-blowing drying process is higher, the time is shorter, and the speed-down stage is the main stage of the drying. The experimental results show that the experimental value is in good agreement with the predicted value of the Page model, and can be used to predict and describe the dehydration process of the far-infrared air-blast drying of the honeysuckle and the red-rooted salvia. Fick's second law found that the effective diffusion coefficient (Deff) of the water in the drying process of the honeysuckle was in the range of 5.0661-10-10-7.5991-10-9m2/ s, the effective diffusion coefficient of the red-rooted salvia was 3.2423-10-10-1.2969-10-9m2/ s, and the temperature increase gradually. The average activation energy of the far-infrared air-blast drying of the honeysuckle is 33.5690 KJ/ mol, the red sage root is 41.4328 KJ/ mol, the color difference of the honeysuckle is the smallest when the red sage root is 35 DEG C, the content of the active ingredients is the highest, the efficiency is improved and the product quality is ensured as compared with the shade. The infrared blowing and drying temperature of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae should be 50 ~ 70 鈩，
本文编号：2507537
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/shoufeilunwen/mpalunwen/2507537.html
最近更新
教材专著
