乙烯利调控玉米节间伸长性状的分子遗传结构解析

发布时间：2018-01-07 01:43

本文关键词：乙烯利调控玉米节间伸长性状的分子遗传结构解析　出处：《中国农业大学》2017年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本研究于2014-2015年,在不同玉米生态环境下,以自然群体和连锁群体为材料,旨在解析乙烯利调控玉米节间伸长性状的分子遗传基础,为揭示乙烯利调控玉米节间伸长分子机制提供科学依据。主要结果如下:1.温带玉米自交系组成的自然群体中,乙烯利显著降低玉米株型性状,如株高、穗位、叶长、叶宽、叶鞘等;其敏感指数为穗位叶长株高叶鞘叶宽。在玉米自交系长期进化中,乙烯利敏感性并未受到定向选择,表现为随机中性。基于主成分分析,构建了乙烯利敏感性综合评价模型:F=0.102ZX1+0.098ZX2-0.051ZX3-0.009ZX4+0.116ZX5+0.582ZX6-0.861ZX7-0.615ZX8+2.861ZX9-1.712 ZX10。2.以508份自交系组成的关联群体为材料,在全基因组显著水平(P2.0×10-4)下,三个环境下分别检测到61-182个SNPs位点;生物信息学分析发现,80个候选基因和目标性状显著相关,涉及多个植物激素合成及信号转导,表明乙烯利调控玉米节间伸长性状受多个微效基因共同作用。多个环境中稳定到检测的SNP位点及相关候选基因,对剖析乙烯利调控玉米节间伸长分子机制具有重要的参考价值。3.以高代重组自交系为材料,基于复合区间作图法,对乙烯利调控玉米株高、穗位高、相对穗位高、穗上节间距等节间伸长关键性状进行QTL定位。14个目标性状在2个环境下共检测到104个QTL,分布于玉米10条染色体上,可解释的表型变异为3.87-14.91%。位于第6号染色体上的qB-ET_PH6a-wq定位在标记PZE-106020696与-PZE-106013766之间,第9号染色体上的qB-ET_PH9a-ls定位于标记PZE-109026651与PZE-109061750之间,可解释的表型变异分别为10.99%、13.03%,相近位点也稳定检测到了其他目标性状,这为深入研究乙烯利调控玉米节间伸长分子机制提供了科学依据。4.AP2/ERF转录因子家族是植物激素逆境信号交叉途径重要的连接因子。以玉米自交系郑58、昌72、KUI3、B77为材料,采用反向遗传学技术克隆了玉米乙烯信号应答转录因子ZmEATB,结果发现,ZmEATB基因cDNA全长950 bp,开放阅读框801 bp,编码267个氨基酸,包含ERF亚家族成员可以识别的典型GCC盒(GCCGCC box),属于ERF亚家族成员。序列分析显示,不同种质来源的ZmEATB基因ORF有多个氨基酸序列差异。qRT-PCR结果表明,基因ZmEATB在敏感性品系郑58、B77中表达相对高于昌72、KUI3。ZmEATB基因的氨基酸差异和表达模式不同,可能是不同种质应答乙烯利调控节间伸长敏感性差异的原因。
[Abstract]:In this study, in different maize ecological environments, natural populations and linkage populations were used as materials to analyze the molecular genetic basis of ethephon regulating internode elongation of maize. In order to reveal the molecular mechanism of ethephon regulating internode elongation of maize, the main results are as follows: 1. In the natural population composed of temperate maize inbred lines, ethephon significantly reduced plant type traits, such as plant height. Ear position, leaf length, leaf width, leaf sheath, etc.; The sensitivity index of ethephon in maize inbred lines was not orientated, but was random neutral, and based on principal component analysis, the sensitivity index was the leaf sheathing width of ear leaf length, plant height, leaf sheathing width, and ethephon sensitivity was not orientated in maize inbred lines. A comprehensive evaluation model of ethephon sensitivity was constructed. The model of ethephon sensitivity was: Fen 0.102ZX1 0.098ZX2-0.051ZX3-0.009ZX4 0.116ZX5. 0.582ZX6-0.861ZX7-0.615ZX8 2.861ZX9-1.712ZX10.2.508 associated populations of inbred lines were used as materials. 61-182 SNPs loci were detected in three environments under the whole genome significant level (P2.0 脳 10-4). Bioinformatics analysis showed that 80 candidate genes were significantly correlated with target traits, involving multiple plant hormone synthesis and signal transduction. The results showed that ethephon regulated internode elongation of maize was affected by multiple microfunctional genes, and stable to the detected SNP loci and related candidate genes in many environments. It has important reference value to analyze the molecular mechanism of ethephon regulating internode elongation of maize. 3. Based on the composite interval mapping method, the plant height and ear height of high generation recombination inbred lines were regulated by ethephon. Relative to the height of ear, the key characters of Internode elongation were mapped by QTL. A total of 104 QTLs were detected in 14 target characters, which were distributed on 10 chromosomes in maize. The phenotypic variation was 3.87-14.91. The qB-ET_PH6a-wq located on chromosome 6 was located in the marker PZE-106020696 and -PZE-10. Between 6013766. The qB-ET_PH9a-ls on chromosome 9 was located between PZE-109026651 and PZE-109061750. The phenotypic variations were 10.99 and 13.03, and other target traits were detected stably at similar sites. This provides a scientific basis for further study on the molecular mechanism of ethephon regulating internode elongation in maize. 4.AP2 / ERF transcription factor family is an important link factor of plant hormone stress signal crossover pathway. Zheng 58. The maize ethylene signaling transcription factor ZmEATB was cloned by reverse genetics using Chang72KUI3B77 as material. The total length of ZmEATB gene cDNA is 950bp, and the open reading frame 801 BP encodes 267 amino acids. The typical GCC box can be identified by members of the ERF subfamily, which belongs to the ERF subfamily. Sequence analysis shows. ZmEATB gene ORF from different germplasm sources showed multiple amino acid sequence differences. QRT-PCR results showed that the gene ZmEATB was in the sensitive strain Zheng58. The difference of amino acid expression and expression pattern in B77 gene was higher than that in Chang72KUI3.ZmEATB gene, which may be the reason for the difference of the sensitivity of ethephon regulating Internode elongation in different germplasm responses.
【学位授予单位】：中国农业大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S513

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