泡桐装饰材优良品系选育研究

发布时间：2018-01-10 03:23

  本文关键词：泡桐装饰材优良品系选育研究　出处：《中国林业科学研究院》2016年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

  更多相关文章： 泡桐 装饰材 无性系 材色 材性

【摘要】：泡桐原产我国,是我国著名的速生树种之一。从上世纪70年代开始,我国主要面向黄淮海平原等传统栽培区选育出30多个泡桐优良品系应用于生产。近年来,随着泡桐板材价格的上涨,泡桐的栽培不仅在传统主栽区稳步发展,而且开始向长江中下游地山丘陵区迅速扩张。但是到目前为止,针对长江中下游低山丘陵区的泡桐优良品种选育工作一直没有开展。基于此,本文以18个5年生泡桐无性系为材料,对泡桐的材色性状(明度、白度、变红度、变黄度、总色差)、生长性状(胸径、主干高、2.6m径、主干材积、主干削度)、木材材性(密度、硬度、弦面抗劈力强度和径面抗劈力强度)、木材中的糖类、酚类物质含量以及N、K、P元素含量进行了较为系统的研究,并对18个无性系进行了综合评价,选出3个适合做装饰材的优良无性系。取得的主要结果如下:1、泡桐不同无性系的明度、白度、变红度、变黄度、总色差均存在极显著差异,具有较大的选择空间;同时,各无性系性状间的变异系数较大,提供了优选空间。糖类和酚类物质含量的总体差异均达到极显著水平,发现糖类和酚类物质含量和明度、总色差呈极显著相关。18个泡桐无性系的材色可分为三大类,其中第二类的9501、30A、10B、P6、P5、3A、3B共7个无性系具有明度和白度最大,变红度、变黄度、总色差最小的特点,属于材色较好的一类无性系。2、泡桐不同无性系明度和白度随树高的变化趋势一致,均是“低—高—低”型,即随着树干高度的增加,明度和白度先上升然后又下降。变黄度和总色差的变化趋势是“高—低—高”型,即随着树干高度的增加先下降然后又升高。变红度的变化趋势是“直线”型,即随着树干高度的增加变红度基本不变。3、泡桐不同无性系的胸径、2.6m径、主干削度差异显著,而主干高和主干材积差异不明显。泡桐无性系木材内全N、全P含量差异显著,而全K含量差异不明显;全N含量与主干高、主干材积有极显著的相关关系,全P含量与胸径、2.6m径、主干材积有极显著的相关关系,全K含量与胸径、主干高有极显著的相关关系;很明显速生的泡桐对N、P、K的需求是非常高的。基于生长指标,18个泡桐无性系可分为三大类,其中第二类包括30A、4B、P2、5号等4个无性系,除了主干削度较大外,均具有树干粗、主干高、材积大的特点,属于最为速生的一类无性系。4、泡桐不同无性系的密度、硬度、弦面抗劈力强度和径面抗劈力强度均达到极显著差异水平,同时各无性系性状的变异系数较大,具有较大的选择空间。基于材性指标,18个泡桐无性系可分为三大类,其中第三类的46号、P2、52号、4B等4个无性系的密度、硬度、弦面抗劈力强度和径面抗劈力强度平均值分别达到0.2724g/cm3、1590N、15.046N/mm、14.013N/mm,在三类无性系中均为最大,属于材性较好的一类无性系。5、泡桐不同无性系木材密度和硬度随树高的变化趋势是“低—高”型,即随着树干高度的增加密度和硬度逐渐变大,而弦面和径面抗劈力强度却正好相反,是“高—低”型,即随着树干高度的增加弦面、径面抗劈力强度逐渐降低。6、不同无性系木材材色指标、生长指标和材性指标综合评价显示,18个泡桐无性系可分为5类,第一类为9501、4B、52号无性系,第二类为46号和P2无性系,第三类为2B、P5无性系,第四类为10B、5号、30A、3B、P3、3A和16号无性系,第五类为56号、P6、13号和16A无性系。第一类无性系变红度、密度、主干削度、弦面抗劈力强度和径面抗劈力强度在五类无性系中均排第一,变黄度、总色差和白度排第二,明度和硬度排第三,胸径和主干材积排第四,主干高和2.6m径排第五,在五类无性系中属于指标较好的一类无性系。因此9501、4B、52号3个无性系适于作为装饰材。
[Abstract]:Paulownia originating in China, China is one of the famous fast-growing species. From the beginning of the last century in China in 70s, mainly for the traditional cultivation area of Huanghuaihai Plain bred more than 30 paulownia clones used in production. In recent years, with the rising price of Paulownia lumber, Paulownia cultivation not only in the traditional main planting area steadily the development, and began to expand rapidly to the hilly area of Yangtze River downstream. But so far, fine varieties breeding of Paulownia in hilly area of the middle and lower Yangtze River has not been carried out. Based on this, the 18 5 year old paulownia clones of paulownia wood color traits (brightness, white of red, yellow, color), growth traits (height, trunk height, 2.6m diameter, stem volume, stem taper), wood properties (density, hardness, tangential cleavage resistance strength and radial cleavage resistance), wood sugars, phenols containing And the amount of N, K, P element content was studied, and 18 clones were evaluated, selected 3 suitable for decoration material clones. The main results are as follows: 1 different clones of Paulownia tea, white, red, and yellow. The total color difference, there were significant differences, with a greater choice of space; at the same time, the somaclonal variation coefficients among traits is larger, providing optimal space. The overall difference of sugars and phenols content reached significant level, and found that the sugar content of phenolics and lightness, the total color difference was significantly related to.18 paulownia clones of wood color can be divided into three categories, including second types of 9501,30A, 10B, P6, P5,3A, 3B a total of 7 clones with maximum brightness and whiteness, red, yellow, color of the smallest, which belongs to a kind of clone.2 good wood color. Paulownia clones in Ming Dynasty With the tree height and whiteness of the same trend, are "low high low", namely with the increase of tree height, brightness and whiteness increases first and then decreases. The change trend of yellowing degree and total color difference is "high low high", namely with tree height the increase decreased then increased. Change trend of "red line", namely with the increase of tree height became roughly unchanged.3, DBH, different clones of Paulownia 2.6m trunk diameter, taper and high significant difference, while main trunk volume was not significantly different. In the N Department of wood Paulownia asexual, differences of total P content significantly, and the difference of total K content was not obvious; the content of N and the main high, there was a significant correlation between trunk volume, total P content and diameter, 2.6m diameter, there was a significant correlation between trunk volume, total K content and diameter, there was a significant correlation between the main high the speed is obvious; 鐢熺殑娉℃�愬�筃,P,K鐨勯渶姹傛槸闈炲父楂樼殑.鍩轰簬鐢熼暱鎸囨爣,18涓�娉℃�愭棤鎬х郴鍙�鍒嗕负涓夊ぇ绫�,鍏朵腑绗�浜岀被鍖呮嫞�

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