不同茄子品种叶片形态特征和化学挥发物对烟粉虱行为的影响

发布时间：2018-02-28 21:36

本文关键词： 烟粉虱寄主偏好叶片表面物理特征叶片化学物质挥发物质　出处：《西北农林科技大学》2016年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：烟粉虱是最重要的农业害虫之一,在全球有六百多种寄主植物。烟粉虱对同种植物不同品种间的寄主选择行为研究仍较少,同种植物的不同品种对烟粉虱抗性及机制尚未研究清楚。本研究中,我们通过观察不同品种上烟粉虱成虫的取食偏好、产卵、寿命、若虫的发育与存活情况来评估烟粉虱在不同茄子品种上的适应性。然后探究了茄子叶片的形态特征、叶片的化学组成以及茄子的挥发性有机化合物在烟粉虱-茄子互作中的作用。实验结果显示,烟粉虱更喜欢在JSZ和H149两个茄子品种上取食和产卵,而品种TLB对烟粉虱显示抗性。烟粉虱对JGL,JGZ,DYZ,QXZ和QXN等品种显示中等的选择性。烟粉虱在JSZ品种上产卵多、生存率高、若虫发育周期最短且寿命显著高于在其它品种上。茄子叶片表面毛的密度、长度以及叶片的厚度与烟粉虱成虫以及卵呈显著相关。烟粉虱更偏好适度亮绿色的叶片,而反射长波以及中间波长光的叶片很少能吸引它。色调的强弱对烟粉虱的吸引起着积极的作用,而亮度与颜色饱和度对烟粉虱的吸引起着消极的作用。叶片化学成分分析显示,高感品种具有更高浓度的氮元素、氨基酸和葡萄糖,以及更低的水分含量。抗性品种中则具有更高含量的酚类物质。营养物质与防御化学物质共同影响着烟粉虱的若虫和成虫的生长状况。不同品种茄子的叶片挥发物质具有量和质上的不同。感虫品种释放顺式3-己烯-1-醇、叶醇、α-芳樟醇、2-乙烯基-1,1-二甲基-3-亚甲基环己烷等可能吸引烟粉虱的化合物。而抗性品种释放出α-蒎烯、萘、2-甲基-、(Z,E)-α-法尼烯、α-蛇麻烯、罗汉柏稀、甘菊环、α-古巴烯和α-花柏烯等可能排斥烟粉虱的化合物。本实验结果为探明不同因素对茄子防御烟粉虱提供重要信息。
[Abstract]:Bemisia Tabaci is one of the most important agricultural pests. There are more than 600 host plants in the world. The resistance of different varieties of the same plant to Bemisia Tabaci and its mechanism have not been clearly studied. In this study, we observed the feeding preference, spawning and longevity of the adult Bemisia Tabaci on different varieties. The development and survival of nymphs were used to evaluate the adaptability of whitefly to different eggplant varieties. The chemical composition of leaves and the role of volatile organic compounds of eggplant in the interaction between Bemisia Tabaci and eggplant showed that Bemisia Tabaci preferred to feed and lay eggs on JSZ and H149 eggplant varieties. Bemisia Tabaci showed resistance to Bemisia Tabaci. Bemisia Tabaci showed moderate selectivity to JGGZ, DYZOQXZ and QXN. Bemisia Tabaci spawned more eggs and had a high survival rate on JSZ varieties, but the resistance of Bemisia Tabaci to Bemisia Tabaci was higher than that of BPH. The density, length and thickness of leaves on eggplant leaves were significantly correlated with the adults and eggs of Bemisia Tabaci. Bemisia Tabaci preferred moderately bright green leaves. The intensity of hue plays a positive role in the attraction of whitefly, while brightness and color saturation play a negative role in the attraction of Bemisia Tabaci. Highly susceptible varieties have higher concentrations of nitrogen, amino acids and glucose, And lower water content. Resistant varieties have higher content of phenols. Nutrients and defense chemicals affect the growth of whitefly nymphs and adults. Leaf volatilization of different eggplant varieties. The matter is different in quantity and quality. The susceptible species release cis-3-hexene-1-ol, Leaf alcohol, 伪 -linalool 2-vinyl-1-dimethyl-3-methylcyclohexane and other compounds that may attract Bemisia Tabaci. Chamomile ring, 伪 -Cubene and 伪 -anthobenes may exclude whitefly compounds. The results of this study provide important information for eggplant's defense against Bemisia Tabaci (Bemisia Tabaci) by different factors.
【学位授予单位】：西北农林科技大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：S436.411

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