基于农业物联网的数据智能传输与大田监测应用

发布时间：2018-05-12 12:06

本文选题：农业物联网 + 能量消耗模型　；参考：《东华大学》2016年博士论文

【摘要】：我国是农业大国,农业一直是国民经济的命脉。在当前经济进入新常态的背景下,农业农村面临诸多新挑战,如农产品国际国内价格倒挂、农业资源短缺、生产效益低下、生态环境约束、农村老龄化问题凸显等。农业物联网是以信息感知设备、通讯网络和智能信息处理技术应用为核心,实现农业科学化管理,达到合理使用农业资源、改善生态环境、降低生产成本、提高农产品产量和品质的目的[1]。目前,亟需通过发展农业物联网技术来提高农业生产效益、节约资源。由于农业生产环境复杂、条件恶劣,对农业物联网传感器的准确感知、可靠稳定传输和低功耗等性能提出了更高的要求。本论文主要研究农业物联网中数据传输的智能算法,针对可充电传感器节点的不同能量效率和有限的电池容量,提出一种新的分簇路由协议,同时,为了解决可充电传感网容错路由修复并保持容错路由的质量,提出了一种新的路由策略,从而达到降低能耗、提升链路容错性的目的。设计了大田物联网示意图及农业大田物联网体系框架图,研究了基于大田物联网应用的智能灌溉农作物需水量智能预测及水资源的高效分配优化。本论文主要工作如下:(1)简要说明了农业物联网的研究背景和论文的研究意义,阐述了当下农业物联网技术的国内外研究现状和应用情况,分析了农业物联网信息采集与传输面临的瓶颈问题以及常用的智能算法。(2)对农业物联网的通用体系架构与关键技术进行了研究,总结物联网体系模型的最新进展,在此基础上初步建立了适合农业物联网的通用体系架构模型,并阐述了农业物联网的关键技术,为农业物联网的深入应用与发展提供参考依据。(3)针对可充电无线传感网(EH-WSNs)中节点之间不稳定、不平均的能量获取情况,通过分析EH-WSNs的网络模型和节点能耗模型,提出了一种新的分簇路由算法--CREW。CREW将整个EH-WSNs分成多个不均匀的簇,远离Sink节点的簇的要比靠近Sink节点的簇大,这样靠近Sink节点的簇,就可以节省相应的能量用于数据的中继传输。此外,还对簇首的选择机制进行了相应的改进优化,主要是考虑了节点的剩余能量和其充电效率,包括能量获取效率和能量消耗效率。同时针对簇首的数据传输策略,提出了一种自适应簇首间数据传输机制。仿真实验结果也验证了所提出算法的有效性。(4)为了解决EH-WSNs中的容错路由修复并保持容错路由的质量,受免疫系统工作机制的启发,发现EH-WSNs中的容错路由修复与免疫系统在多个方面存在相似性,提出了免疫系统启发的路由修复算法(ISRRA)。在ISRRA中,为了克服克隆选择算法中抗体种群缺少多样性和早熟的现象,基于内分泌系统的激素调节机制,对克隆选择算法中的克隆和变异机制进行了改进。此外,通过记忆模块,ISRRA能够为EH-WSNs中重复出现的相同路由故障提供较快的修复策略。同时,备份路由也在修复过程中进行更新以保持路由的质量。ISRRA能够有效地提供故障路由的修复策略,特别适合于EH-WSNs中相同故障路由多次出现的情况。(5)结合上海农业特色和地域特点,建立了大田物联网示意图及体系框架图等,实现面向大田作物生长发育监测系统的应用。依托基于农业物联网的集成检测系统获取的数据,研究了基于农业物联网的智能灌溉优化算法,对大田实施智能灌溉的作物需水量智能预测及水资源的高效分配优化,实现了基于农业物联网技术的全流程农作物生长监测及智能控制优化。论文最后对全文的研究工作进行了总结,并对下一步的目标和研究方向进行了讨论和展望。
[Abstract]:China is a big agricultural country and agriculture has always been the lifeblood of the national economy. Under the background of the current economy entering a new normal state, agricultural and rural areas are facing many new challenges, such as the upside down of the price of agricultural products, the shortage of agricultural resources, the low production efficiency, the restriction of the ecological environment, the problem of the old age in the countryside and so on. The agricultural IOT is based on information perception. Preparation, communication network and intelligent information processing technology are used as the core to realize the scientific management of agriculture, achieve the rational use of agricultural resources, improve the ecological environment, reduce production costs, improve the production and quality of agricultural products, [1]. at present, it is urgent to improve agricultural production efficiency and save resources by Developing Agricultural Internet of things technology. The production environment is complex and the conditions are bad. It puts forward higher requirements for the accurate perception of the sensor of the IOT sensor, the reliable and stable transmission and low power consumption. This paper mainly studies the intelligent algorithm of data transmission in the Agricultural Internet of things, and proposes a new kind of new method for the different energy efficiency and limited battery capacity of the rechargeable sensor nodes. At the same time, in order to solve the fault-tolerant routing repair of the rechargeable sensor network and maintain the quality of fault tolerant routing, a new routing strategy is proposed to reduce energy consumption and improve the dislocation of the chain. A schematic diagram of the Internet of things and the framework of the agricultural field of things network system are designed. Intelligent prediction of crop water demand and optimal allocation of water resources by intelligent irrigation. The main work of this paper is as follows: (1) the research background and research significance of the Agricultural Internet of things are briefly explained, the present status and application of the research on agricultural IOT technology at home and abroad are expounded, and the information mining of the Agricultural Internet of things is analyzed. The bottleneck of collection and transmission and the common intelligent algorithms are discussed. (2) the general architecture and key technologies of the IOT are studied. The latest progress of the Internet of things model is summarized. On this basis, a general framework model suitable for the Internet of things is established, and the key technologies of the Agricultural Internet of things are expounded. It provides a reference for the further application and development of the Agricultural Internet of things. (3) aiming at the instability and unaveraging energy acquisition between nodes in the Rechargeable Wireless Sensor Network (EH-WSNs), a new clustering routing algorithm, --CREW.CREW, is proposed to divide the whole EH-WSNs into multiple ununiformity by analyzing the network model and the energy consumption model of the node. The clusters far away from the Sink node are larger than the clusters near the Sink node. So close to the Sink nodes can save the corresponding energy for data relay transmission. In addition, the selection mechanism of the cluster heads is improved, mainly considering the residual energy of the node and its charging efficiency, including the energy acquisition efficiency. Rate and energy consumption efficiency. At the same time, an adaptive cluster head data transmission mechanism is proposed for cluster head data transmission strategy. The simulation experiment results also verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. (4) in order to solve the fault-tolerant routing repair in EH-WSNs and maintain the quality of fault-tolerant routing, inspired by the immune system work mechanism, we find EH-W The fault tolerant routing repair in SNs is similar to the immune system in many aspects. The routing repair algorithm inspired by the immune system (ISRRA) is proposed. In order to overcome the phenomenon that the antibody population is short of diversity and precocious in the clonal selection algorithm, the clone selection algorithm based on the hormone regulation mechanism of the endocrine system and the clone selection algorithm in ISRRA. The mutation mechanism is improved. In addition, through the memory module, ISRRA can provide a faster repair strategy for the same routing faults repeated in the EH-WSNs. Meanwhile, the backup route is also updated during the repair process to maintain the routing quality.ISRRA effectively providing the repair strategy for the fault routing, especially suitable for the EH-WSNs medium phase. 5. (5) in combination with the agricultural and regional characteristics of agriculture, a schematic map of the Internet of things and the framework of the system are established to realize the application of the field crop growth and development monitoring system. Based on the data obtained from the integrated detection system based on the Agricultural Internet of things, the intelligent irrigation based on the Agricultural Internet of things is studied. The intelligent prediction of crop water demand and the optimization of the efficient allocation of water resources are carried out in the field of intelligent irrigation. The whole process of crop growth monitoring and intelligent control optimization based on the technology of Agricultural Internet of things is realized. Finally, the research work of the full text is summarized, and the target and research direction of the next step are also carried out. Discussion and prospect.

【学位授予单位】：东华大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：S126;TP391.44;TN929.5

【相似文献】