贵阳市农村散养生猪程序化免疫模式效果研究

发布时间：2018-06-19 00:37

本文选题：口蹄疫 + 猪瘟　；参考：《甘肃农业大学》2016年博士论文

【摘要】：目的意义:为探索一种适合农村散养生猪猪瘟(CSF)、口蹄疫(FMD)和高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征(HPPRRS)防控的新模式,进一步优化工作方案,提高基层动物防疫工作的可操作性,提高免疫质量,破解基层强制免疫工作中的难点问题,为相关行业主管部门制定防疫政策提供实践性建议。实验方法:(1)对农村散养生猪按照“CSF、FMD和HPPRRS三种疫苗同步分两点注射”的免疫方法和程序,分别免疫断奶仔猪(28d左右)和45d左右仔猪各50头。在对试验猪进行免疫反应观察的同时,分别于免疫后15d、30d、45d、60d、75d、90d、105d、120d对试验猪进行CSF、FMD和HPPRRS免疫抗体测定。(2)针对农村散养生猪CSF、FMD和HPPRRS免疫,将传统的“春秋两防”集中免疫改为常年“程序化免疫”模式。防疫员根据农村散养生猪的日龄、健康状况等相关免疫信息,结合农村农业生产实际,合理安排每户的免疫时间,对猪CSF、FMD和HPPRRS开展常年适时程序化免疫。实验结果:(1)农村散养仔猪免疫CSF、FMD和HPPRRS疫苗后,其抗体水平呈逐渐上升趋势。28日龄仔猪免疫后30d CSF、FMD和HPPRRS可分别达到64.46%,60%、68.89%。45d左右仔猪较28日龄断奶仔猪抗体水平上升明显,免疫后30d CSF、FMD和HPPRRS抗体水平分别达到94.45%、97.72%、97.72%;免疫后60d CSF、FMD和HPPRRS均达到峰值,随后逐渐降低,免疫后120d其抗体水平低于国家要求标准。(2)对农村散养生猪CSF、FMD和HPPRRS三种重大疫病实施常年程序化免疫模式,免疫后60d,CSF、FMD和HPPRRS的免疫抗体水平达分别达88.03%、86.58%、86.24%,三种疫病抗体水平均高于国家要求标准。(3)程序化免疫模式全面推广得到了成功的实施,提高了基层动物防疫工作的可操作性,提高了防疫效果,验证了“农村散养生猪CSF、FMD和HPPRRS三种重大常年程序化免疫”防控模式和所采取的“以监促防、以检促防、防检结合”的防控措施可行。结论:(1)建立了“农村散养生猪仔猪45日龄首免,首免后第105d进行第二次补免”的免疫程序,并采用了“CSF、FMD和HPPRRS三种疫苗同步分两点免疫”的方法,证明了其临床应用的可行性和科学性。(2)建立了防疫员根据农村散养生猪的日龄、健康状况等相关免疫信息,结合农村农业生产实际,对农村散养生猪开展常年适时程序化免疫注射CSF、FMD和HPPRRS疫苗的常年程序化免疫模式,证明了其临床应用的可行性和适用性。(3)通过实施程序化免疫,村级防疫员有很大的时间支配权,使动物防疫工作能与农业生产有机结合起来,提高了基层动物防疫工作的可操作性,从而全面提高防疫效果。(4)农村散养生猪程序化免疫模式在贵阳市全面推广实施,验证了“重大动物疫病常年程序化免疫”防控模式和总体措施的可行性,完善了传统的重大动物疫病“春秋两防”的防控机制。
[Abstract]:Objective: to explore a new model suitable for the prevention and control of CSFN, FMD and HPPRRSs, and to optimize the work plan and improve the operability of animal epidemic prevention at the grass-roots level. To improve the quality of immunization, solve the difficult problems in the work of grass-roots compulsory immunization, and provide practical suggestions for the relevant departments in charge of the industry to formulate epidemic prevention policies. Experiment method: 1) Immunization method and procedure of "CSF FMD and HPPRRS three vaccines were injected into two points at the same time" for rural live pigs, weaning piglets were immunized for 28 days or so) and 45 days or so for 50 piglets each. The immunoreaction of experimental pigs was observed at the same time. CSF FMD and HPPRRS immunized pigs were immunized with CSF FMD and HPPRRS immunized against CSF FMD and HPPRRS respectively on the 15th day, 30d, 45d, 45d, 75d or 90d / 105d / 120d after immunization), and CSFFFMD and HPPRRS were immunized against CSFN FMD and HPPRRS, respectively. The traditional "Spring and Autumn two Defense" centralized immunization model is changed to perennial "programmed immunity" mode. Based on the relevant immunological information such as day age and health status of live pigs raised in rural areas and combining with the reality of rural agricultural production, the vaccinators arranged the immunization time of each household reasonably, and carried out regular immunization of pigs CSF FMD and HPPRRS all year round. The results showed that the antibody level of CSFN FMD and HPPRRS increased gradually after immunization with CSFN FMD and HPPRRS vaccine in rural scattered piglets. The FMD and HPPRRS levels of CSFN FMD and HPPRRS reached 64.46% 68.89.45 d after immunization in 28 day old piglets, respectively, and the antibody levels of piglets were significantly higher than those of 28 day weaned piglets. The antibody levels of FMD and HPPRRS reached 94.4545 ~ 97.72% and 97.72% respectively at 30 days after immunization, and reached the peak value at 60 days after immunization, and then decreased gradually. 120 days after immunization, the antibody level was lower than the national standard. 60 days after immunization, the levels of FMD and HPPRRS reached 88.03 and 86.58, respectively, and the level of antibodies against three kinds of epidemic diseases were all higher than the national standard. The effect of epidemic prevention was improved, and the prevention and control measures of "three major perennial programmed immunization modes of CSFFFMD and HPPRRS in rural scattered live pigs" and "supervision and prevention, prevention and control, combination of inspection and prevention" were proved to be feasible. Conclusion (1) the first immunization procedure of 45 days old piglets in rural scattered piglets was established and the second immunization was performed on the 105th day after the first immunization. The method of two-point immunization of CSF FMD vaccine and HPPRRS vaccine was used. It is proved that its clinical application is feasible and scientific. The perennial programmed immunization model of perennial routine immunization of CSFN FMD and HPPRRS vaccine was carried out for rural live pigs, which proved the feasibility and applicability of clinical application of CSFN FMD and HPPRRS vaccine, and proved the feasibility and applicability of routine immunization. Village level epidemic prevention workers have a great power over time, so that animal epidemic prevention work can be organically integrated with agricultural production, and the operation of animal epidemic prevention work at the grass-roots level has been improved. In order to improve the effect of epidemic prevention in an all-round way, the program immunization model of rural scattered live pigs was popularized and implemented in Guiyang City, which verified the feasibility of the prevention and control model and the overall measures of "perennial programmed immunization of major animal epidemic diseases". Improved the traditional major animal epidemic disease, "Spring and Autumn two prevention" prevention and control mechanism.
【学位授予单位】：甘肃农业大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：S858.28

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