氟唑菌苯胺的环境行为研究
发布时间：2018-10-25 11:19
【摘要】：本论文以新型吡唑酰胺类杀菌剂氟唑菌苯胺作为研究对象,系统地开展了药剂在主要环境介质水体、土壤和植物中降解与迁移转化等环境行为,为其环境安全性评价提供详实数据和科学依据。通过系列的相关实验研究,论文获得了以下主要结果:采用优化后QuEChERS方法,建立了土壤中氟唑菌苯胺的UPLC-MS/MS检测方法,检出限为0.130μg/kg,添加回收率为87.8%-109.5%;采用固相萃取法,建立了水体中氟唑菌苯胺的UPLC-MS/MS检测方法,检出限为0.0033 μg/L,添加回收率为70.6%-95.6%。建立的检测方法适用于检测土壤和水体中的氟唑菌苯胺残留,同时适用于氟唑菌苯胺在土壤和水体中降解行为的研究。氟唑菌苯胺水降解行为研究结果表明,氟唑菌苯胺在酸性和中性条件下比较稳定,在碱性条件下水解速率较快,在pH3、pH7和pH11缓冲液中的水解半衰期分别为449.8 d、392.7d和297 d;在25℃、35 ℃和50 ℃条件下的水解率没有显著性差异,其降解半衰期分别为383.8 d、389.5 d 和 417.3 d。氟唑菌苯胺光降解行为研究结果表明,氟唑菌苯胺在蒸馏水、自来水和河水中的光解半衰期分别为221.0 h、165.9 h和167.3 h;在不同pH值(3,7,11)的缓冲液中的光解半衰期分别为181.8h、159.9h和180.4h;光敏剂核黄素、双氧水、三价铁离子能促进氟唑菌苯胺的光解;在自然条件下,氟唑菌苯胺在太阳光条件下的光解半衰期为49.7 d,光解动态符合经典一级动力学模型。拟合氟唑菌苯胺在3种供试土壤中的吸附等温线,其在北京土壤、黑龙江土壤和云南土壤中的吸附常数Kf-ads分别为28.49、40.44和12.92。土壤对氟唑菌苯胺吸附能力的大小为黑龙江土壤北京土壤云南土壤。药剂在北京土壤和黑龙江土壤中的吸附等温线属于L型等温线;在云南土壤中的吸附等温线属于S型等温线;药剂在3种土壤中的吸附自由能ΔG范围为14.47～18.64 KJ/mol,其在土壤中的吸附属于物理吸附过程。氟唑菌苯胺在土壤中降解行为研究结果表明,氟唑菌苯胺在北京土壤、黑龙江土壤和云南土壤中的降解半衰期分别为71.5 d、59.2 d和101.9 d,土壤中有机质(有机碳)含量是影响氟唑菌苯胺在土壤中降解的关键因子;药剂在供试北京土壤水土比1:5(田间持水量)条件下的降解速率最快,淹水条件次之,而在土壤水土比1:10条件下的降解速率最慢;药剂在土壤中的降解速率随着温度的升高而加快;氟唑菌苯胺在灭菌和非灭菌土壤中降解速率存在较大的差异。氟唑菌苯胺在小麦植株中吸收传导行为研究结果表明,根部施药,能快速被小麦植株吸收,并快速向茎叶部传导;叶部单叶片施药,能快速被叶片吸收,并可以跨叶传导至其他叶片并累积,进而在茎部和根部累积。
[Abstract]:In this paper, a new pyrazolamide fungicidal agent, fluazolium aniline, was used as the research object, and the environmental behaviors such as degradation, migration and transformation of fungicides in the main environmental media water, soil and plants were systematically carried out. To provide detailed data and scientific basis for environmental safety evaluation. Through a series of related experimental studies, the following main results were obtained: the UPLC-MS/MS method for the determination of fluazolium aniline in soil was established by optimized QuEChERS method, the detection limit was 0.130 渭 g / kg, the recovery rate was 87.8% -109.5%, and the solid phase extraction method was used. A UPLC-MS/MS method for the determination of fluazolium aniline in water was established. The detection limit was 0.0033 渭 g / L and the recovery rate was 70.6- 95.6%. The established method is suitable for the detection of fluazolium aniline residues in soil and water, and for the study of the degradation behavior of fluazolium aniline in soil and water. The results showed that the aniline was stable in acidic and neutral conditions, and the hydrolysis rate was faster in alkaline condition. The hydrolysis half-life in pH3,pH7 and pH11 buffer solution was 449.8 d ~ 392.7 d and 297d, respectively, but there was no significant difference in hydrolysis rate at 25 鈩，
本文编号：2293554
[Abstract]:In this paper, a new pyrazolamide fungicidal agent, fluazolium aniline, was used as the research object, and the environmental behaviors such as degradation, migration and transformation of fungicides in the main environmental media water, soil and plants were systematically carried out. To provide detailed data and scientific basis for environmental safety evaluation. Through a series of related experimental studies, the following main results were obtained: the UPLC-MS/MS method for the determination of fluazolium aniline in soil was established by optimized QuEChERS method, the detection limit was 0.130 渭 g / kg, the recovery rate was 87.8% -109.5%, and the solid phase extraction method was used. A UPLC-MS/MS method for the determination of fluazolium aniline in water was established. The detection limit was 0.0033 渭 g / L and the recovery rate was 70.6- 95.6%. The established method is suitable for the detection of fluazolium aniline residues in soil and water, and for the study of the degradation behavior of fluazolium aniline in soil and water. The results showed that the aniline was stable in acidic and neutral conditions, and the hydrolysis rate was faster in alkaline condition. The hydrolysis half-life in pH3,pH7 and pH11 buffer solution was 449.8 d ~ 392.7 d and 297d, respectively, but there was no significant difference in hydrolysis rate at 25 鈩，
本文编号：2293554
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