鼠伤寒沙门氏菌LPS诱导的雏鸡急性法氏囊萎缩的机制研究
发布时间:2018-11-05 15:09
【摘要】:鸡具有重要的经济效益并且它的近交系很容易获得,因此,它常被用于禽类免疫学研究。法氏囊(Bursa of Fabricius,BF)是禽类特有的中枢免疫器官,在B细胞的分化和抗体产生方面有着至关重要的作用。雏鸡的获得性免疫系统在出生一周之后才具有完善功能,因此先天性免疫在新生雏鸡中发挥重要的作用。在不同传染病中,法氏囊的急性萎缩是一个共同特性。许多研究指出鼠伤寒沙门氏菌来源的脂多糖(lipopolysaccharide,LPS)可影响禽类中枢免疫器官。然而,LPS刺激诱导的雏鸡法氏囊微观结构改变的转录组水平分子机制目前还不甚清楚。因此,本研究以1日龄雏鸡为试验动物,腹腔注射生理盐水或鼠伤寒沙门氏菌来源的LPS(50mg/kg)。分别在注射0,2,6,12,36,72和120h时,取法氏囊组织,一部分组织采用4%多聚甲醛固定保存用于组织形态学实验,一部分组织采用2.5%戊二醛溶液固定保存用于扫描电镜观察,一部分组织快速储存在-70℃超低温冰箱用于RNA-seq和分子生物生物学实验。主要研究内容和结果如下:1.LPS刺激对雏鸡法氏囊的影响1.1 LPS刺激诱导雏鸡法氏囊急性萎缩与生理盐水组相比,腹腔注射50mg/kgLPS36h时,法氏囊重量(?36%)及法氏囊指数均显著下降(?18%)。另外,LPS刺激诱导的雏鸡法氏囊急性萎缩呈现剂量依赖效应。以上研究结果表明,采用50mg/kg剂量的LPS刺激1日龄雏鸡36h时可诱导法氏囊显著萎缩。1.2 LPS刺激对雏鸡法氏囊形态结构的影响HE染色结果显示,LPS刺激可破坏法氏囊的结构完整性。与对照组相比,LPS刺激12h,36h,72h时异嗜性粒细胞数目增加,血管内或血管周围红细胞数量增加。在LPS刺激36h时,法氏囊滤泡髓质内异嗜性细胞聚集增多,法氏囊滤泡外围边界被明显破坏。以上研究结果表明,LPS刺激不仅导致雏鸡法氏囊炎症变化,而且导致鸡法氏囊结构破坏。1.3 LPS刺激对雏鸡法氏囊超微结构的影响扫描电镜检测结果显示,生理盐水组黏膜面光滑,而LPS刺激12h时黏膜受到了严重的侵蚀与破坏,刺激36h时,法氏囊黏膜上皮细胞完全脱落。以上研究结果表明,LPS刺激12h时由于炎性反应导致法氏囊黏膜损伤,36h时法氏囊显著萎缩可能与大量上皮细胞脱落有关。1.4 LPS刺激对雏鸡法氏囊内免疫相关细胞的影响甲苯胺蓝染色结果显示,生理盐水组和LPS刺激组中,肥大细胞的数量及形态没有发生显著的变化,但在LPS刺激12h,36h和72h时,肥大细胞数量呈现上升趋势。变色酸2R染色结果显示,LPS刺激12h和36h时嗜酸异嗜性粒细胞数量显著增多。1.5 LPS刺激后TLR4和NF-κB的表达免疫组化染色和免疫印迹结果表明,LPS刺激12h和36h时TLR4和NF-κB的表达增强。以上研究结果表明,LPS刺激不仅能激活鸡法氏囊中TLR4的表达,而且也能激活其下游的转录因子NF-κB的表达。1.6 LPS刺激对雏鸡鸡法氏囊细胞凋亡和细胞增殖的影响采用TUNEL法和Formamide-MAb法进行细胞凋亡检测,与生理盐水组相比,LPS刺激12h和36h时,细胞凋亡显著增强。细胞增殖检测发现,PCNA的表达在LPS刺激12h和36h时显著下调。以上研究结果表明,LPS刺激可促进雏鸡法氏囊细胞凋亡,抑制细胞增殖。2.LPS刺激诱导雏鸡法氏囊微观结构变化时的转录组分析2.1 RNA-seq及鉴定差异表达基因采用SE50测序策略,组间比较(生理盐水组VS LPS组)进行RNA测序,采用NOISeq方法比较分析不同时间点基因表达谱,探索差异表达基因(DEGs)。从RNA测序数据中随机选择候选的DEGs,采用RT-qPCR进行验证。2.2转录组数据的生物信息学分析GO和KEGG分析表明,LPS刺激早期,大量的DEGs主要富集到代谢、免疫和遗传信息系统。与这些结果一致,Reactome分析也发现大量的DEGs主要富集到免疫、信号转导和代谢通路。此外,LPS刺激早期,法氏囊内免疫系统和信号转导之间的相互作用也发生了显著改变。因此,比较KEGG和Reactome数据库DEGs发现,DEGs以相似的途径参与调节。随后,采用蛋白质功能的关联网络分析在蛋白质水平分析了这些基因的互作,发现在LPS刺激的早期,许多候选基因和验证基因(通过RT-qPCR)如蛋白激酶9和TGFBR1,HSPB1,SASH3和E2F1在蛋白质交互系统(PPI)中有着较强的相互作用。2.3集成功能信号途径分析集成路径分析表明,大部分的候选基因在有丝分裂原活化蛋白激酶(MAPK)转导的信号通路中富集。在MAPK信号通路中,转录因子如RAS,FGFR,c-Jun(JUN),p53和JNK表达上调,而HSP27,MEK2,crk2和Akt1表达下调。富集到的TLRs信号通路中,NF-κB,p105,JNK,CD80表达上调,而AKT and MEKI/II表达下调。综上所述,LPS刺激的早期阶段,不仅可以诱导法氏囊急性萎缩,破坏法氏囊的结构完整性,导致异嗜细胞、肥大细胞和嗜酸性粒细胞浸润,而且引起细胞增殖减少,细胞凋亡增强。此外,转录组分析表明,LPS刺激早期诱导的雏鸡法氏囊微观形态变化可能受到LPS//TLR4/MAPK信号途径中下游活化的转录分子CNN1,E2F1和HRAS的调节。
[Abstract]:Chicken has important economic benefits and its inbred line is easy to obtain. Therefore, it is often used in avian immunology research. Bursa of Fabricus (BF) is a unique central immune organ in poultry and plays an important role in the differentiation of B cells and antibody production. The chicken feeding system has a perfect function after one week of birth, so it plays an important role in the newborn chicks. In different infectious diseases, the acute atrophy of bursa of Fabricius is a common characteristic. Many studies indicate that lipopolysaccharides (LPS) derived from Salmonella typhimurium can affect avian central immune organs. However, the molecular mechanism of the transcription group induced by LPS stimulation on the microstructure of the bursa of Fabricius is not very clear. Therefore, 1 day-old chicken was used as test animal, and LPS (50mg/ kg) from the source of Salmonella typhimurium was injected into the abdominal cavity. After injection of 0, 2, 6, 12, 36, 72 and 120h, the bursa of Fabricius was obtained. A part of the tissues were fixed and preserved for morphological experiment using 4% glutaraldehyde, and some tissues were fixed with 2.5% glutaraldehyde solution for SEM observation. A portion of the tissue was rapidly stored at -70 鈩,
本文编号:2312455
[Abstract]:Chicken has important economic benefits and its inbred line is easy to obtain. Therefore, it is often used in avian immunology research. Bursa of Fabricus (BF) is a unique central immune organ in poultry and plays an important role in the differentiation of B cells and antibody production. The chicken feeding system has a perfect function after one week of birth, so it plays an important role in the newborn chicks. In different infectious diseases, the acute atrophy of bursa of Fabricius is a common characteristic. Many studies indicate that lipopolysaccharides (LPS) derived from Salmonella typhimurium can affect avian central immune organs. However, the molecular mechanism of the transcription group induced by LPS stimulation on the microstructure of the bursa of Fabricius is not very clear. Therefore, 1 day-old chicken was used as test animal, and LPS (50mg/ kg) from the source of Salmonella typhimurium was injected into the abdominal cavity. After injection of 0, 2, 6, 12, 36, 72 and 120h, the bursa of Fabricius was obtained. A part of the tissues were fixed and preserved for morphological experiment using 4% glutaraldehyde, and some tissues were fixed with 2.5% glutaraldehyde solution for SEM observation. A portion of the tissue was rapidly stored at -70 鈩,
本文编号:2312455
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