基于光合模拟的水培生菜反馈环控技术基础
发布时间：2018-12-21 08:28
【摘要】：人工光型植物工厂是设施园艺工程技术的一次革命性技术变革,是解决我国农产品安全问题、提高设施生产效益、实现清洁高效生产的一个解决方案。LED光源以其节能高效和光谱可调等优势作为荧光灯的替代光源成为近10年来的研发热点。尽管日本已有200多栋商业化生产的人工光型植物工厂,但其中一半仍处于亏本或持平状态,很多人将其归结为能耗高和效益低造成的。本课题着眼于水培生菜(Lactuca sativa L.)生产的LED光环境调控和 SPA技术应用(Speaking Plant Approach to environment control),试图利用基于光合模拟的叶菜植物反馈环控技术来提高人工光型植物工厂的技术效益,并有效地降低系统能耗。围绕上述研究目标,本论文以水培紫叶生菜(cv.Ziwei)生产为例,通过LED光环境和温光环境对水培生菜生长发育与品质形成的影响试验,构建环境光合模型以探索水培生菜的智能反馈环控技术,从而为人工光型植物工厂的SPA技术应用提供理论依据和技术支持。本研究的主要结果和结论如下:1)通过光环境对水培生菜生长发育与品质形成的影响试验发现:水培生菜的生物量积累随着日累积光照量的增加而线性增长;在光照周期为16h·d~(-1)和光照强度为250或300μmol·m2·s~(-1)光环境下培育16天的地上部鲜重、硝酸盐含量、可溶性糖含量、及维生素C含量的差异不显著,但其地上部干重却有显著性差异,这由采收前2天进行的净光合速率的连续测量也可佐证;R:B为2.2的LED光环境下的生菜品质明显优于R:B为1.2和1.8的LED和荧光灯下的,且LED光环境下的光能利用效率和电能利用效率显著优于荧光灯。因此,水培紫叶生菜的人工光生产建议在其栽培阶段采用R:B为2.2的LED光源,并将其光环境调控在光照强度为250μmol·m~(-2)·s~(-1)和光照周期为16h·d~(-1)为宜。2)通过温光环境对水培生菜的生长影响试验发现:明期/暗期温度为22/18℃、光照强度为250 μmol·m~(-2)·s~(-1)下培育的水培生菜的地上部鲜重最大,单株鲜重均超过100 g,达到了该品种的最大商品化生物量;该实验区的Vc、可溶性糖、及可溶性蛋白含量与光照强度为300 μmol·m~(-2)·s~(-1)下培育的无显著性差异;T26-P300和T22-P250实验区培育的地上部干重显著高于相同光照强度和其他温度处理实验区的。因此,明期/暗期温度为22/18℃和光照强度为250 μmol·m~(-2)·s~(-1)适于水培紫叶生菜的人工光生产。3)通过水培生菜的光合作用对光照强度、CO_2浓度和温度条件的环境响应模型模拟与实测验证可知:直角双曲线修正模型在光响应曲线和CO_2响应曲线的模型拟合、光合参数计算以及光合生理现象解释方面具有良好的适应性;与光照强度为300 μmol·m~(-2)·s~(-1)的实验区对比,光照强度为250 μmol·~(-2)·s~(-1)实验区下培育的水培生菜具有最大的光能利用效率,约为0.052-0.055。本论文构建的水培生菜环境光合模型在模拟复合环境的净光合速率响应效果良好。因此,基于光合模型模拟进行水培生菜全生育期的环境反馈控制是可行的,这将有助于提高人工光型植物工厂的技术效益。但是,由于本课题研究时间的限制未能开展实证实验,今后还需进行深入研究与验证才可能将其推向技术应用。
[Abstract]:The artificial light-type plant is a revolutionary technological change of the plant and garden engineering technology, which is a solution to solve the problem of the safety of the agricultural products in China, to improve the production efficiency of the facilities and to realize the clean and efficient production. the LED light source has the advantages of energy-saving, high-efficiency and spectrum-adjustable as an alternative light source of the fluorescent lamp as the research and development hot spot in the last 10 years. Although more than 200 commercial-produced plant plants have been commercialized in Japan, half of them are still at a loss or in a flat state, many of which are attributed to high energy consumption and low efficiency. This paper focuses on the LED light environment control and SPA technology application in the production of Lactia saativa L., and tries to improve the technical benefit of the artificial light-type plant factory by using the leaf-vegetable feedback loop control technology based on the photosynthetic simulation, and effectively reduce the energy consumption of the system. In order to explore the intelligent feedback loop control technology of water-culture lettuce, the effects of the light environment and the temperature-light environment on the growth and the quality of the lettuce (cv. Ziwei) were studied. The effects of the light environment and the temperature and light environment on the growth and the quality of the lettuce were studied. so as to provide the theoretical basis and technical support for the application of the SPA technology of the artificial light-type plant factory. The main results and conclusions of this study are as follows: 1) The effect of the light environment on the growth and the quality of the lettuce is found: the biomass accumulation of the lettuce is increased linearly with the increase of the daily cumulative amount of light; The fresh weight, nitrate content, soluble sugar content and vitamin C content of the above-ground part were not significant in the light environment of 16h 路 d ~ (-1) and light intensity of 250 or 300 & mu; mol 路 m2 路 s ~ (-1) under the light environment, but there was no significant difference between the dry weight of the ground and the dry weight of the ground. The continuous measurement of net photosynthetic rate was also supported by the two days before harvesting. The quality of the lettuce under the LED light environment with the ratio of R: B is 2. 2 is better than that of the LED and the fluorescent lamp with the ratio of 1. 2 and 1. 8 in the LED light environment, and the light energy utilization efficiency and the electric energy utilization efficiency in the LED light environment are obviously superior to the fluorescent lamp. Therefore, the artificial light production of the lettuce is suggested to adopt the LED light source with the light intensity of 250. m ~ (-2) 路 s ~ (-1) and the light period of 16h 路 d ~ (-1). the fresh weight of the ground part of the water-culture lettuce cultivated under the light intensity of 250 & mu; mol 路 m ~ (-2) 路 s ~ (-1) is the largest, the fresh weight of the single plant is more than 100g, and the maximum commercial biomass of the variety is achieved; and the Vc and the soluble sugar in the experimental area, and the dry weight of the ground part cultured in the T26-P300 and T22-P250 experimental areas is significantly higher than that of the same illumination intensity and other temperature treatment experimental areas. Therefore, the light intensity, CO _ 2 concentration and the temperature condition were simulated and verified by the photosynthesis of the lettuce with the light intensity, the concentration of CO _ 2 and the temperature. the right-angle hyperbola correction model has good adaptability in the model fitting of the light response curve and the CO _ 2 response curve, the calculation of the photosynthetic parameters and the interpretation of the photosynthetic physiological phenomenon; and the right-angle hyperbolic correction model is compared with the experimental area with the illumination intensity of 300 & mu; mol 路 m ~ (-2) 路 s ~ (-1). With the light intensity of 250 & mu; mol 路 ~ (-2) 路 s ~ (-1), the water-cultured lettuce has the largest light energy utilization efficiency, and it is about 0.052-0.055. The photosynthetic model of the water-culture lettuce in this paper is good in the net photosynthetic rate response of the simulated composite environment. Therefore, it is feasible to control the environmental feedback of the whole growth period of the lettuce based on the photosynthetic model, which will help to improve the technical benefit of the artificial light-type plant. However, due to the limitation of the research time of the subject, it is not possible to carry out the empirical experiment, and it is possible to push the research and verification to the technical application in the future.
【学位授予单位】：中国农业大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S636.2
本文编号：2388661
[Abstract]:The artificial light-type plant is a revolutionary technological change of the plant and garden engineering technology, which is a solution to solve the problem of the safety of the agricultural products in China, to improve the production efficiency of the facilities and to realize the clean and efficient production. the LED light source has the advantages of energy-saving, high-efficiency and spectrum-adjustable as an alternative light source of the fluorescent lamp as the research and development hot spot in the last 10 years. Although more than 200 commercial-produced plant plants have been commercialized in Japan, half of them are still at a loss or in a flat state, many of which are attributed to high energy consumption and low efficiency. This paper focuses on the LED light environment control and SPA technology application in the production of Lactia saativa L., and tries to improve the technical benefit of the artificial light-type plant factory by using the leaf-vegetable feedback loop control technology based on the photosynthetic simulation, and effectively reduce the energy consumption of the system. In order to explore the intelligent feedback loop control technology of water-culture lettuce, the effects of the light environment and the temperature-light environment on the growth and the quality of the lettuce (cv. Ziwei) were studied. The effects of the light environment and the temperature and light environment on the growth and the quality of the lettuce were studied. so as to provide the theoretical basis and technical support for the application of the SPA technology of the artificial light-type plant factory. The main results and conclusions of this study are as follows: 1) The effect of the light environment on the growth and the quality of the lettuce is found: the biomass accumulation of the lettuce is increased linearly with the increase of the daily cumulative amount of light; The fresh weight, nitrate content, soluble sugar content and vitamin C content of the above-ground part were not significant in the light environment of 16h 路 d ~ (-1) and light intensity of 250 or 300 & mu; mol 路 m2 路 s ~ (-1) under the light environment, but there was no significant difference between the dry weight of the ground and the dry weight of the ground. The continuous measurement of net photosynthetic rate was also supported by the two days before harvesting. The quality of the lettuce under the LED light environment with the ratio of R: B is 2. 2 is better than that of the LED and the fluorescent lamp with the ratio of 1. 2 and 1. 8 in the LED light environment, and the light energy utilization efficiency and the electric energy utilization efficiency in the LED light environment are obviously superior to the fluorescent lamp. Therefore, the artificial light production of the lettuce is suggested to adopt the LED light source with the light intensity of 250. m ~ (-2) 路 s ~ (-1) and the light period of 16h 路 d ~ (-1). the fresh weight of the ground part of the water-culture lettuce cultivated under the light intensity of 250 & mu; mol 路 m ~ (-2) 路 s ~ (-1) is the largest, the fresh weight of the single plant is more than 100g, and the maximum commercial biomass of the variety is achieved; and the Vc and the soluble sugar in the experimental area, and the dry weight of the ground part cultured in the T26-P300 and T22-P250 experimental areas is significantly higher than that of the same illumination intensity and other temperature treatment experimental areas. Therefore, the light intensity, CO _ 2 concentration and the temperature condition were simulated and verified by the photosynthesis of the lettuce with the light intensity, the concentration of CO _ 2 and the temperature. the right-angle hyperbola correction model has good adaptability in the model fitting of the light response curve and the CO _ 2 response curve, the calculation of the photosynthetic parameters and the interpretation of the photosynthetic physiological phenomenon; and the right-angle hyperbolic correction model is compared with the experimental area with the illumination intensity of 300 & mu; mol 路 m ~ (-2) 路 s ~ (-1). With the light intensity of 250 & mu; mol 路 ~ (-2) 路 s ~ (-1), the water-cultured lettuce has the largest light energy utilization efficiency, and it is about 0.052-0.055. The photosynthetic model of the water-culture lettuce in this paper is good in the net photosynthetic rate response of the simulated composite environment. Therefore, it is feasible to control the environmental feedback of the whole growth period of the lettuce based on the photosynthetic model, which will help to improve the technical benefit of the artificial light-type plant. However, due to the limitation of the research time of the subject, it is not possible to carry out the empirical experiment, and it is possible to push the research and verification to the technical application in the future.
【学位授予单位】：中国农业大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S636.2
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