赤霉病和条锈病对小麦产量的影响及小麦L693 2B染色体上抗赤霉病QTL定位

发布时间：2023-04-04 05:38

　　小麦赤霉病主要是由禾谷镰刀菌(镰孢赤霉菌)引起的穗部病害,而小麦条锈病是由小麦条锈菌引起的叶部病害。他们各自对小麦产量的影响已经很清楚,但是小麦赤霉病和小麦条锈病互作效应对产量的影响还鲜有报道。在本研究中,利用来自于L661/L693杂交组合的F₂群体作为研究主体材料,并且利用组成分分析方法来研究小麦赤霉病和小麦条锈病互作对穗粒数、穗粒重、千粒重的影响。结果表明:与条锈病相比较,赤霉病对千粒重有较大的影响,而对穗粒数影响较小,并且赤霉病和条锈病各自对所有性状的影响都达到了极显著水平,但是赤霉病和条锈病互作的影响比单独的影响更加显著。另外,对小麦赤霉病和小麦条锈病对小麦产量的影响的比较结果可以看出过去人们低估了小麦赤霉病对小麦产量的影响,可能是因为科学家们对赤霉病更多的关注点在赤霉病对小麦品质而不是小麦产量。L693/L661杂交产生的RIL群体329份,100多个SSR标记用于遗传图谱构建。该遗传图谱总长度112 cM,平均距离为8 cM。通过QTL定位分析,发现4个不病小穗数相关QTL,这些QTL可以用于赤霉病抗性聚合育种。

【文章页数】：87 页

【学位级别】：博士

【文章目录】：
abstract
摘要
List of Abbreviations
CHAPTER 1–Literature Review
    1.1.The evolution of cultivated wheat
    1.2.Wheat genetic system
        1.2.1.Genetic stocks
        1.2.2.Cytogenetic and molecular mapping
        1.2.3.Comparative mapping
        1.2.4.Positional cloning
    1.3.Wheat production and utilization
        1.3.1.Wheat production in china
    1.4.Fusarium head blight of wheat
        1.4.1.Pathogens
        1.4.2.Natural FHB infection and development
        1.4.3.Economic loss from FHB
        1.4.4.Strategies for control of Fusarium head blight
    1.5.Wheat resistance to Fusarium head blight
        1.5.1.Types of resistance
        1.5.2.Mechanisms of resistance
        1.5.3.Sources of resistance
        1.5.4.Inheritance of resistance
        1.5.5.Durability of resistance
    1.6.Molecular markers
        1.6.1.RFLP markers
        1.6.2.PCR-based markers
    1.7.QTL for FHB resistance
        1.7.1.Mapping FHB resistance QTL in wheat
    1.8.Breeding for FHB resistance in wheat
        1.8.1.Conventional breeding strategies
        1.8.2.Marker-assisted breeding
    1.9.Yellow Rust
        1.9.1.Pathogen Over-summering
        1.9.2.Background of Stripe Rust Resistance in Wheat
        1.9.3.Simulation of Virulence Variation and Prediction of Resistance Durability
        1.9.4.Cytology of interaction between the host and pathogen
        1.9.5.Development of Near Isogenic Lines(NILs)
        1.9.6.Identification of Molecular Markers for Resistance Genes
        1.9.7.Other Studies
    1.10.Management of Wheat Stripe Rust
        1.10.1.Resistance Breeding
        1.10.2.Resistance Deployment
CHAPTER 2-Effects of Fusarium Head Blight and Yellow rust on wheat with relevance to source sink relationship.
    2.1.Introduction
    2.2.Material and Method
        2.2.1.Plant material and experimental design
        2.2.2.Resistance Evaluation
        2.2.3.Statistical Analysis
        2.2.4.Principle Component Analysis(PCA)
    2.3.Results
    2.4.Discussion
CHAPTER 3-QTL for three types of resistance to Fusarium head blight in a wheat population from L661/L
    3.1.Introduction
    3.2.Materials and Method
        3.2.1.Plant Material and Pathogen
        3.2.2.Evaluation of FHB
        3.2.3.Measurement of Yield Components
        3.2.4.Statistical Analysis
        3.2.5.SSR Assay
        3.2.6.Experimental Desisgn and Data Analysis
    3.3.Results
        3.3.1.FHB Infection and Resistance
        3.3.2.Linkage Molecular Marker Screening
        3.3.3.Mapping of Major QTLs
    3.4.Discussion
        3.4.1.Mode of Inheritance for FHB Resistance
        3.4.2.Chromosomal location and Genetic Mapping of FHB Resistance QTLs
        3.4.3.Origin of FHB Resistance and the putative mechanism of FHB Resistance Transfer
        3.4.4.Potential utilization of the FHB resistance QTLs in wheat breeding programs
Referances
Acknowledgements



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