中国文化贸易增长与结构研究

发布时间：2017-12-28 12:24

本文关键词：中国文化贸易增长与结构研究　出处：《华东师范大学》2017年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：自20世纪90年代以来,文化产业开始在欧美主要国家盛行起来,文化产业发展对国民经济的推动作用日益得到显现。随着全球一体化进程的加快,文化产品和服务的流通已经不再局限于一个地区或者国家,而是与传统贸易一样流转于不同国家和地区,日本的动漫、韩国的娱乐、美国的影视、法国的时尚等一时间在全球范享誉盛名。与普通商品不一样的是,文化商品和服务具有极高的精神价值、符号价值、社会价值等,会对一个地区和国家居民的文化理念、行为习惯、风俗习惯等产生重要影响。为此,文化贸易水平的提升,不仅仅能对一个国家经济发展起到重要的推动作用,更为重要的是能够将该地区和国家的文化理念、价值观念等输入到其他国家和地区,这种文化影响力在当前日益激烈的全球竞争中显得尤为重要。本文围绕中国文化贸易增长与结构问题进行系统研究。具体而言,本文的主要研究内容包括以下五个方面:(1)中国文化贸易发展现状及其评价。本部分将从发展沿革、发展现状以及和依存度测度三个方面展开,这部分将主要使用统计分析的方法对我国文化贸易发展概况进行纵向的呈现与比较研究,从而勾勒出我国文化贸易十多年来的发展轨迹。(2)文化贸易促进中国经济增长的机理分析。本部分将利用一般均衡分析法,从文化资本的角度切入,通过分析文化资本及其溢出效应可以提高文化部门和非文化部门的生产效率从而带动区域经济增长,并对其进行数值模拟。在此基础上,对文化贸易和经济增长之间的关系进行格兰杰因果检验。(3)中国文化贸易结构分析。本部分将从商品结构、模式结构和市场结构三个角度对我国文化贸易当前的结构进行综合测度,并与美国、韩国等文化贸易发达国家进行横向比较,从而发现我国文化贸易当前在结构上存在的问题。(4)影响中国文化贸易结构的因素分析。本部分将通过引力模型的运用,基于静态面板数据计量分析,对当前中国文化贸易结构的因素进行识别。考虑到文化贸易框架中包含众多细分门类以及不同地区条件各异,本部分还将行业特性和区域特性纳入研究范畴,对上述影响因素进行比较研究。(5)中国文化贸易的同质化效应分析。本部分将利用有向图法对文化贸易网络结构进行形象刻画,识别文化贸易中存在的专业化效应和同质化效应,并通过引入随机指数图模型这一社会网络分析方法,对中国文化服务贸易是否存在同质化效应进行检验。通过对本文各个章节研究内容的梳理,这里可以得到本文研究的几个基本结论,大致归纳如下:(1)中国文化贸易近年来发展迅猛,有效地推动了中国经济的增长,文化出口贸易和文化进口贸易是经济增长的格兰杰原因,经济增长不是文化出口贸易和文化进口贸易的格兰杰原因。(2)文化资本的累计与扩散是文化贸易推动中国经济增长的重要机制,文化资本既可以通过直接参与文化部门生产而推动区域经济增长,也可以通过溢出效应提高非文化部门生产效率而推动区域经济增长。(3)中国文化贸易结构亟需优化,文化产品贸易处于顺差状态,但文化服务贸易存在严重逆差,文化服务贸易无论是在规模上还是竞争力上都严重滞后于文化产品贸易。文化贸易依存度呈现"倒U型"曲线。(4)影响中国贸易结构的因素较为复杂,并且在细分行业和不同地区上呈现出较大的差异性。(5)从网络结构的角度看,中国文化服务贸易存在同质化效应,会对本地文化生态造成破坏,需要国家针对文化贸易采取保护性措施予以应对。本文研究创新概括起来主要涉及以下几点:(1)对不同文化贸易统计框架进行了细致的比较和分析,从而作为本文文化贸易统计框架选择的理论基础。(2)分别利用UNESCO(2009)和EBOPS(2002)的统计框架,对中国文化产品和文化服务的发展现状、特点等进行了统计分析。(3)引入文化资本这一微观角度,利用一班均衡分析方法论证了文化贸易究竟是如何推动区域经济增长的,并进行数值模拟。(4)基于偏好选择模型对传统引力模型进行修正,并将修正后的模型作为检验中国文化产品出口影响因素的主要计量模型。(5)利用"有向图"法,从网络结构的角度形象地刻画出文化贸易的专业化效应和同质化效应究竟有何区别。
[Abstract]:Since 1990s, the cultural industry has begun to prevail in the major countries in Europe and America, and the development of cultural industry is becoming increasingly apparent to the national economy. With the accelerated process of globalization, cultural products and services flow is no longer confined to a region or country, but with the traditional trade circulation in different countries and regions, animation in Japan, South Korea, the United States entertainment film, French fashion time is famous in the world. Unlike ordinary commodities, cultural commodities and services have great spiritual value, symbol value and social value. They will have important influence on cultural concept, behavior habits, customs and habits of a country and a country. Therefore, the level of cultural trade promotion, not only an important role in promoting the economic development of a country, the more important is to the regional and national cultural ideas and values as input to other countries and regions, the cultural influence is particularly important in the current fierce competition in the world. This paper makes a systematic study on the growth and structure of Chinese cultural trade. Specifically, the main contents of this paper include the following five aspects: (1) the status and evaluation of the development of China's cultural trade. This part will be from the current situation of development and evolution, and depend on three aspects of measure, and comparative research methods this part will mainly use the statistical analysis on the development of cultural trade in our country are vertical presentation, thus draw the outline of China's cultural trade more than 10 years of development track. (2) the analysis of the mechanism of cultural trade promoting China's economic growth. Based on the general equilibrium analysis, from the perspective of cultural capital, this part will improve the production efficiency of cultural sectors and non cultural sectors, and promote regional economic growth through the analysis of cultural capital and its spillover effects. On this basis, the Grainger causality test is carried out on the relationship between cultural trade and economic growth. (3) the analysis of the structure of China's cultural trade. This part will carry out a comprehensive measure from three angles of the commodity structure, mode structure and market structure on the structure of China's cultural trade at present, and compared with the cultural trade in developed countries the United States, South Korea, and China's cultural trade currently exist in the structure of the problem. (4) the analysis of factors affecting the structure of Chinese cultural trade. This part is based on the application of the gravitational model and based on the static panel data measurement and analysis to identify the factors of the current Chinese cultural trade structure. Considering that there are many subdivisions and different regional conditions in the cultural trade framework, the industry characteristics and regional characteristics are also included in the research area. (5) the analysis of the homogeneity effect of China's cultural trade. This part will use the method of directed graph structure of cultural trade network is depicted, recognize the existence of cultural trade specialization effect and homogenization effect, and by introducing the random graph model of the index of social network analysis method to China cultural service trade existence with quality inspection effect. Based on the research content of each chapter combing, some basic conclusions can be obtained here in this paper, summed up as follows: (1) Chinese cultural trade has developed rapidly in recent years, effectively promoted the China economic growth, cultural trade and cultural export import trade is the Grainger reason of economic growth, economic growth is not the cause of Grainger culture and cultural trade import export trade. (2) cultural capital accumulation and diffusion is an important mechanism to improve the cultural trade Chinese economic growth, cultural capital can be directly involved in the production and through the cultural sector to promote regional economic growth, also through spillovers to improve production efficiency and promote the cultural sector economic growth region. (3) the structure of China's cultural trade needs to be optimized, and the trade of cultural products is in a favorable balance. However, there is a serious deficit in the cultural services trade. The cultural service trade is lagging behind the cultural products trade both in scale and competitiveness. The dependence of cultural trade shows a "inverted U" curve. (4) the factors affecting China's trade structure are more complex, and there are great differences in the subdivision industries and different regions. (5) from the perspective of network structure, the homogenization effect of Chinese cultural service trade will destroy the local cultural ecology, and it is necessary for the state to take protective measures against cultural trade. The main points of this study are summarized as follows: (1) a detailed comparison and analysis of the statistical framework of different cultural trade is made, which is the theoretical basis for the selection of statistical framework of cultural trade in this paper. (2) using the statistical framework of UNESCO (2009) and EBOPS (2002), the current status and characteristics of Chinese cultural products and cultural services are analyzed and analyzed. (3) introducing a cultural capital perspective, we demonstrate how cultural trade promotes regional economic growth by using a class of equilibrium analysis methods, and carry out numerical simulation. (4) based on preference selection model, we modify the traditional gravity model, and use the revised model as the main econometric model to examine the influencing factors of Chinese cultural products exports. (5) by using the "directed graph" method, the difference between the specialization effect of cultural trade and the homogeneity effect is portrayed from the angle of the network structure.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G124;F752

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