周易象数美学研究

发布时间：2018-01-12 04:37

  本文关键词：周易象数美学研究　出处：《武汉大学》2016年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

  更多相关文章： 周易 象数 美学 艺术 思维特征

【摘要】：本文主要从美学的角度系统的研究了《周易》中的象数思想,这种系统性包括《周易》象数本身的概念、思想以及《周易》象数与中国的文学艺术美(主要从音乐、书法、绘画、文学四个角度展开论述)和中国人的诗意居住美之间的复杂的关系。其次,本文还分析了《周易》象数思想的美学化或者形象化的思维特征,这种美学化或者形象化的思维特征也是中国哲学区分于西方哲学数理逻辑思维的最主要标志,它形成了中国文化独有的思想模式和独有的审美文化传统,对后世影响深远。于是相应地,文章也分为以下五个部分。分别为第一章的《周易》中象的思想概念的研究和取象比类的思维方法的相关美学思想的研究；第二章和第一章的结构对称,研究的是《周易》中数的思想概念和运数比类的思维方法的相关美学思想的考察；第三章则在前面两章分析的基础之上展开《周易》象数思想和各门具体艺术门类之间的复杂的美的关系的考察。这里,笔者主要采取了音乐、书法、绘画和文学四种艺术门类来展开相关研究。第四章则研究分析《周易》象数思想和中国人的诗意居住之间的美的关系,这就涉及到传统的中国建筑风水学和生态环境美的研究；最后一章则在之前所有章节的基础上,综合而深入的分析《周易》象数思想的思维特征美,并将这种中国特有的思维特征美和西方的数理逻辑哲学思维展开对比研究。具体如下：第一部分关于《周易》象数思想中象的思想的考察可以分为三小节,一是首先要理解《周易》中象的地位,这就关联到《周易》中的卦爻与爻辞。在对卦象、卦爻和爻辞展开对比和深入的分析之后,文章就接下来就是关于《周易》中象的寓意美的研究,这种象的寓意美包括《周易》卦象所带来的各种象征寓意美。例如坤卦,就可以代表阴柔顺从,厚德载物的寓意。因此可以说是一首上古时代人们关于大地的赞美诗。最后是分析取象比类的思维方法美。所谓的取象比类的思维方法美,主要就是指通过取大自然中的象或者说八卦的卦象来展开类比和想象以及思考,从而达到认识事物内在本性的目的。由于这种思维方法坚持从事物本身的形象性、直接性和生动性出发,故而天然的具有美学的特征。第二部分则和第一部分对称,主要研究《周易》中数的思想,也分为三小节。首先是分析数本身的概念,这里就要把《周易》中的数和西方意义上的定量的实测数作出区分,指出《周易》中的数实际上就是一种特殊的“象”,是“象”中的一种特殊形式。接着就是分析《周易》中数的寓意美。这种寓意美主要包括对后世影响甚大的太极、阴阳、五行、八卦数之美,以及与传统易数思想相区别的宋朝图书派的河图洛书数之美。最后就是分析运数比类的思维方法美,指出《周易》象数思想中的运数的思维方法,和西方源自古希腊以来的形式逻辑思维方法不同,是体现中国古人独特思维能力的一种思维方法。这种独特的思维方法是与取象比类的思维方法如出一辙的。因此,它超越了一般所谓的形式化思维方法的空洞的毛病,是一种包含着内容的逻辑思维方法。这样一种独特的运数的思维方法,在理性思维中直接包含了直观化、感性化和形象化的因素,因而其首先就是美学的,然后才是理性的。第三部分则在前两章分析的基础上,主要考察《周易》象数思想和中国艺术美之间的复杂关系,这里的艺术主要指的是音乐、书法、绘画、文学四种艺术。首先是音乐艺术,开篇就指出音乐艺术的表达也离不开“乐象”,并分析这种“乐象”与“易象”之间的关系。然后是具体到《周易》象数思想的各个层面和音乐美之间关系的分析。包括音乐美和阴阳、五行、八卦之间的关系,音乐美和天人合一思想之间的关系。具体而言就是指出中国音乐中的五音、六律,八风,八音,十二律的思想和易学中的象数思想之间的紧密联系,并指出当音乐的思想和易学中的阴阳、五行、八卦以及天人合一的思想结合后,就会产生一种特殊的哲学意义上的美。然后就是书法领域,和音乐美一样,文章也分析探讨了书法美和周易象数思想之间的审美关系,这包括和周易象数思维、阴阳五行、通变思想和天人合一思想之间的关系。并指出书法中的笔法、墨法、章法所蕴含的的阴阳对称之美,创造变易之美以及天人合一之美等等。绘画领域也是一样,分别论述了绘画之美和周易象数思维方法以及太极、阴阳、五行之间的复杂的美的关系。最后是文学美,首先指出《周易》象数思想与文学美之间的亲缘性,然后分别从取象,阴阳、通变的象数思想角度论述文学美和《周易》象数思想之间的关系。第四部分则是论述《周易》象数思想与中国古代的诗意居住的思想,这里就涉及到周易象数的思想与中国古代的建筑风水美的关系。本章主要从风水美与阴阳、五行、八卦以及河图洛书数、天人合一的思想角度阐发中国风水美中的易学象数思想。然后在这种分析的基础之上,论述中国古代的传统风水美与现代生态环境之间的关系。这里着重要指出的还是《周易》象数中“天人合一”的思想。因为在笔者看来,建筑风水美的最高境界就是《周易》象数思想中所说的“天人合一”的美的境界。也只有深入的理解了《周易》象数思想中“天人合一”的思想,我们才能让那“天人合一”的美的建筑重新绽放在这个大地上,我们也才能真正的像古人一样在这片大地上达到诗意的美的居住。最后一部分则是在前面论述的基础上深入和系统的分析了《周易》象数的思维特征美。这包括取象运数的思维方法美,重象与变易的生命之美,重整体功能的结构之美三个部分。文章中指出《周易》象数思维特征中的重整体、重功能、重变易、重结构的思想倾向,使得中国哲学走上了一条和西方哲学截然不同的道路。从此,中华文明在另外一种形式中开出了累累硕果。虽然这样一种硕果中没有形成西方意义上的所谓现代逻辑数学和科学,但是却在形象化和美学的各个领域结出了非常喜人的硕果。因此,从这个意义上我们完全可以说,代表着中国最高哲学的《周易》的象数思想特征集中体现的就是我们这个民族的形象化思维特征,而这种思维特征首先是美学的,然后才是科学的。
[Abstract]:This paper mainly study from the aesthetic point of view of the system in the book of < > as the number of ideas, this system includes the < > as the number of the book concept, thought and image number and China > < book of literary art (mainly from music, calligraphy, painting, four aspects discusses literature and poetic China) people living in the complex relationship between the United States. Secondly, this paper also analyzes the characteristics of thinking as the number > < Zhouyi aesthetics thought or image, the main symbol of the aesthetic characteristics of thinking or visual Chinese is distinguished from the Western Philosophy Philosophy of mathematical logic thinking, it formed a unique culture Chinese thought pattern and unique aesthetic and cultural traditions, far-reaching impact on future generations. Accordingly, the article is divided into the following five parts. Respectively to study as the ideological concept of the first chapter of the book of < > in the analogy and the thinking method of phase Research on aesthetics; structure of the second chapter and the first chapter of the research is the study of symmetry, < aesthetic thoughts thinking methods in the ideological concept of Zhouyi > number and the number of the class ratio; the third chapter launches the study of Zhouyi > like < number between thought and the specific art complex of aesthetic relation on the basis of the previous two chapters analysis. Here, the author mainly adopts music, calligraphy, painting and literature of four kinds of arts to expand the research. The fourth chapter of < > as the number of changes between the poetic thoughts and Chinese living beauty, which relates to the traditional geomantic architecture and China the beauty of ecological environment research; the last chapter before all the chapters on the basis of a comprehensive and in-depth analysis of < > as the number of Zhouyi thought characteristics of beauty, and the mathematical logic thinking characteristics of the United States and the west of this unique China To carry out a comparative study series of philosophical thinking. As follows: the first part is about the investigation of Zhouyi > < like like number in the thought of thought can be divided into three sections, one is the first to understand the status of Zhouyi as < >, < > in the Zhouyi hexagrams and yaoci Association. In the images, after comparison and in-depth analysis on the hexagrams and yaoci, the next is about the beauty of the research meaning as "Zhouyi", such as the moral beauty including various images caused by the book < > the symbolism of beauty. For example it represents the feminine Kun, obedience, social commitment meaning. Can be said for this is a song about people in ancient times the earth hymns. Finally is the analysis of analogy thinking method class beauty. As a way of thinking than the so-called class beauty, mainly refers to the nature of the image or images to spread gossip analogy and imagination and thinking, In order to understand the inherent nature of things. Because of this way of thinking to things from the image itself, direct and vivid, it has a natural aesthetic characteristics. The second part is the first part of the main research and symmetry, the number of Zhouyi > < thought, is divided into three sections. The first is the analysis of the concept the number itself, here is the actual number of < > in the number and quantitative changes in Western sense make a distinction, that actually < > in the book number is a special kind of "image", is "a special form of image". Then is the analysis of < > in the book of moral beauty number. This moral beauty mainly includes the great influence on later generations of Tai Chi, yin and Yang, five elements, eight the number of beauty, and with the traditional book easy to distinguish the number of thought school Hetu number beauty. Finally is the analysis of the thinking method of luck than the class of the United States, pointed out that " The thinking method of Zhouyi in the thought of as the number > number, different forms of logical thinking methods and Western originated from ancient Greece, is a way of thinking of the ancients Chinese unique thinking ability. This is the unique thinking method and thinking method of the class is exactly the same as. Because of this, it goes beyond the so-called a formal way of thinking is a kind of empty problem consists of logical thinking method. Such a unique number in the way of thinking, rational thinking are directly involved in visual and perceptual and visual factors, the first is the aesthetic, and then the third part is rational. In the first two chapters based on the analysis of the complex relationship between the main study < > as the number of Zhouyi thought and China artistic beauty, here mainly refers to the art of music, calligraphy, painting, literature and art in four. The first is the art of music, Begins on that expression of music art also cannot do without "music image", and analyze the relationship between the "music image" and "image". Then it is specific to the analysis of the relationship between the book of < > as the number of ideas at all levels including music and music beauty. Beauty and the Yin and Yang, five elements, the relationship between gossip the beauty of music and the relationship between man and nature between ideas. It is pointed out that Chinese music in the fifth, six law, eight, eight, close ties between the twelve law thoughts and Yi as the number of ideas, and pointed out that when the Yin and Yang, music thoughts and easy to learn in the five line, gossip and the idea of harmony between man and nature combined, will produce a kind of special philosophy meaning of beauty. And then is the calligraphy field, like the beauty of music, the article also analyzed the relationship between the aesthetic beauty of calligraphy and book of changes as the number of ideas, including the book and image number thinking, yin and Yang Five, thinking of changing the relationship between man and nature and between ideas. And pointed out that the calligraphy brushwork, ink composition, which contains the Yin and Yang of symmetrical beauty, create beauty and harmony of beauty and so on. The painting field is the same, discusses the beauty of painting and Zhou Yixiang thinking method and Tai Chi Yin and Yang, five, for the complex relationship between us. Last is the beauty of literature, first pointed out that the relationship between the book of < > as the number of thoughts and literary beauty, and then from the image, yin and Yang, change as the number of point of view on the literary thought of beauty and the relationship between image number > < book of thought. The fourth part is this book < > as the number of thoughts and Chinese ancient poetic living ideas, here are related to the relationship between thought and Zhouyi as the number of China ancient Feng Shui architecture beauty. This chapter mainly from the feng shui of beauty and the Yin and Yang, five elements, eight, Hetu, heaven One point of view of Feng Shui beauty China thought of image numberology thought. Then on the basis of this analysis, the article discusses the relationship between ancient and modern beauty of traditional Fengshui China ecological environment. The important point here is < > as the number of changes in the thought of "harmony". Because in my opinion, the highest the building is the "realm of Feng Shui book > as the number of thought that the" harmony "of the realm of beauty. Only a deep understanding of Zhouyi as the number of ideas in < >" harmony ", we can make the" heaven "beautiful building in bloom again this earth, we can really like the ancients on this piece of earth to poetic beauty of living. The last part is on the basis of in-depth and systematic analysis of the" thinking features of beauty as the number of the book >. This includes image transport The number of ways of thinking of the United States, and the variation of the image of the beauty of life, the beauty of the overall function of the structure of three parts. The article pointed out that the book < > as the overall number of thinking features of the functions, weight variation, ideological tendency structure, the Chinese philosophy into a western philosophy learn the different path. Since then, Chinese civilization made fruitful in another form. Although this kind of fruit was not formed in the Western sense of the so-called modern logic of mathematics and science, but in all areas of visual and aesthetic knot in a very gratifying achievements. Therefore, in this sense we can say, as the number of features represents the highest Chinese ideological philosophy embodied in the book of < > is our national image thinking characteristics, and this is the first thought characteristic of aesthetics, and then is scientific.

【学位授予单位】：武汉大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：B221
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本文编号：1412748