中美网络游戏暴力美学特征比较研究

发布时间：2018-02-14 22:02

  本文关键词： 中美文化 网络游戏 暴力美学　出处：《上海大学》2016年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本课题的研究缘于网络游戏发展所面临的一种极为矛盾的状况,一方面作为现代文化产业的重要组成部分,网络游戏在我国得到了迅速发展,并取得了非常可观的经济效益;另一方面却又受到社会各界特别是教育工作者和学生家长的责难。当前对于我国青少年中出现的某些暴力行为与现象,人们往往将其产生的原因归咎于网络游戏,尤其是归咎于网络游戏中的暴力内容。传统艺术中的暴力审美现象在网络游戏中是否也存在?尤其是影视艺术中独特的“暴力美学”范式在网络游戏中是否也具有出场条件?如果能找到相关联系,我们是否能用暴力美学的表现方法来消解或减弱网络游戏中暴力内容的负面影响?这些问题是本课题研究的出发点。本课题选取了两类典型的网络游戏作为具体的研究对象。一类是具有中国传统文化特征的“武侠”题材网络游戏,一类是具有全球化商业特征的美国网络游戏。这两类游戏中的暴力内容及其表现方式具有很大的代表性。根据上述问题,本课题设置了两条主要的研究线索。一条线索是有关暴力美学和暴力文化的研究。首先,对影视作品中有关暴力美学的研究现状进行了梳理,分析归纳了暴力美学产生的哲学美学基础、社会文化原因及其审美价值。然后,对中美两国的暴力文化渊源进行了比较研究。研究了中美两国不同的文化传统和不同的暴力审美观,并从“文化传统”、“暴力审美观念”、“审美倾向”、“暴力描写的艺术风格”、“审美趣味”及“对形式美的追求”六个方面进行了比较。以此作为本研究的文化理论基础。另一条线索是网络游戏的审美特征及其暴力现象研究。首先,梳理了前人对游戏与艺术之关系的研究,揭示了在审美活动中游戏与艺术的密切关系,以及它们之间具有的相同的和不同的审美特点。其次,分析了现代网络游戏与传统游戏之间存在的较大差异,并重点研究了网络游戏的基本审美特征、审美行为和审美体验,以此区别于传统艺术作品的审美现象。然后,梳理研究了网络游戏中的暴力现象及其分类,并对中美两国网络游戏中存在的暴力消解策略进行了归纳分析和比较研究,以此作为网络游戏暴力消解和研究暴力审美的现实基础。根据上述研究成果,本项研究经过分析归纳和提炼,创新性地提出了中美网络游戏有关暴力美学的基本特征,并立足于两国审美文化的差异,从五个方面对其暴力美学特征进行了比较研究。具体表述为中国网络游戏中暴力的“自由性”特征与美国网络游戏中暴力的“竞技性”特征之比较;中国网络游戏中暴力的“团队精神”特征与美国网络游戏中暴力的“个人英雄主义”特征之比较;中国网络游戏中暴力的“形式化”特征与美国网络游戏中暴力的“写实化”特征之比较;中国网络游戏中暴力的“浪漫化”特征与美国网络游戏中暴力的“戏谑化”特征之比较;中国网络游戏中暴力的“重道义”特征与美国网络游戏中暴力的“去道德化”特征之比较。本文的基本观点是,网络游戏是新兴的艺术形式,其中的暴力内容与影视、文学等艺术形式中的暴力内容同属于艺术创造,具有一定的审美特征。但同时也应该客观地认识到,不能忽视网络游戏中暴力内容的泛滥与不加规范所产生的社会不良影响。应该借鉴暴力美学的观念和表现方式消解网络游戏中的暴力行为,同时要重视其政治、道德的指向问题。通过比较研究,本人认识到并非所有的暴力美学表现方式都适合中国网络游戏的发展。中国网络游戏在表现暴力时,以“正当性”、“重道义”、“团队精神”、“形式化”以及“浪漫化”艺术处理的表现方式是应该坚持与发扬的。对于体现“自由性”暴力美学特征的表现方式,若仅体现在暴力行为的操纵和展示,则应持审慎态度或给予某种限制。在美国网络游戏中,暴力的“竞技性”审美特征是我们应该学习和借鉴的,对暴力的“写实化”表现是我们应该反对并舍弃的。我们不提倡在游戏中推崇“个人英雄主义”与“去道德化”的暴力表现,但对“戏谑化”的处理方法不妨进行一些探索。因暴力美学的表现方法并不能完全消除暴力内容的负面影响,本研究提出在充分利用暴力的审美价值的基础上,发扬和继承中国传统艺术中表现暴力的优良传统与审美经验,依据我国现行的文化政策,建立预防网络游戏中暴力负面影响的工作体系。本研究分析了我国有关网络游戏管理的相关政策以及美国等其他国家所实施的网络游戏分级管理制度,提出了建立适合中国文化特点的网络游戏分级管理制度的意见。本论文的创新之处,主要体现于网络游戏审美的学理分析,网络游戏中暴力的消解策略,网络游戏的暴力美学特征及其比较研究。
[Abstract]:An extremely contradictory situation faced in this study due to the development of network game, on the one hand, as an important part of modern culture industry, the network game has been developing rapidly in China, and achieved considerable economic benefits; on the other hand by the community especially educators and students for some parents blame. The violence and the phenomenon of adolescents in our country, people tend to be the reasons attributed to the network game, especially due to the violent content in network game. Whether the violence aesthetic phenomenon in traditional art also exist in the online game? Especially in the film and television special "Violence Aesthetics" paradigm in network game is played? If you can find the relevant links, whether we can swim to digestion or weakened by method of network violence The negative impact of violence in the play? These questions are the starting point of the research. This paper selects two typical network game as the specific research object. One is an China traditional cultural characteristics of the "martial arts" theme online games, is a business with globalization features of American online game violence. The content and performance of these two types of games has great representative. According to the above problems, this paper set up two main clues. One clue is the research on the aesthetics of violence and violent culture. Firstly, the research status about violence aesthetics of audiovisual products are reviewed, analyzed and summarized philosophy and aesthetics foundation of aesthetics of violence from the social and cultural reasons and its aesthetic value. Then, the Sino US cultural origin of the violence. The comparative research on the cultural differences between China and us The traditional and different forms of violence aesthetics, and from the "traditional culture", "Violence Aesthetics" and "aesthetic tendency", "violence art style", "aesthetic" and "the beauty of form" six aspects. As the culture of the theoretical basis of this study. Another clue is the aesthetic characteristics of the phenomenon of violence and online games. First, study on the relationship between the game and reviews the previous art, reveals the close relationship between play and art in aesthetic activities, and between them with the same and different aesthetic characteristics. Secondly, analyzes the difference between the modern network game with the traditional game, and focuses on the basic aesthetic characteristics of online games, aesthetic behavior and aesthetic experience, aesthetic phenomenon which is different from the traditional art. Then, combing the research of network game The violence and its classification, and the violent resolution strategy between China and us in network game analysis and comparative study, as the network game violence digestion and violence research reality aesthetic foundation. According to the above research results, this study through analysis and summarize, innovatively put forward the basic characteristics of Chinese network game the aesthetics of violence, and based on the differences of aesthetic culture, from the five aspects of a comparative study on the characteristics of violence aesthetics embodied in the network game. Chinese violence in the "free" feature and the United States online game violence in the "competitive" feature comparison; China network game violence "team spirit" features with the United States in the online game violence "personal heroism" feature comparison; network game China violence "formal" characteristics and The United States online game violence in the "realistic" characteristics of the comparison; Chinese network game violence in the "romantic" characteristics and the network game violence "banter" characteristic of Chinese comparison; network game violence in the "moral" characteristics and the United States online game violence "to moral character" comparison of the basic point of view is that network game is a new form of art, and the television violence, violence literature and other art forms belong to art creation, aesthetic characteristics. But at the same time should also objectively recognize the adverse effects produced by flooding violence can not ignore the network game in the standard and without society. Should use violence aesthetics ideas and expressions of digestion in network game violence, and attach importance to the political, moral point. Through comparison More research, I realized that not all the manifestations of violence aesthetics are suitable for the development of Chinese network game. Chinese network game in violence, with "legitimacy", "moral", "team spirit", "form" and "romantic" artistic expression is should adhere to and carry forward for the embodiment of "freedom" violence aesthetics characteristic, if only reflect the display of violence in the control and should be cautious or given certain restrictions. In the United States in the network game, violent "competitive" aesthetic characteristic is that we should learn from the "realistic violence," are we should oppose and abandon. We do not advocate in the game praised the "personal heroism" and "moral violence", but the approach of "jocosity" do some exploration The negative effects due to the performance of violence aesthetics can not completely eliminate violence, this study based on the aesthetic value of full use of violence, inherit and develop the excellent traditional China violence in traditional art and aesthetic experience, based on China's cultural policy, the establishment of prevention of violence in the negative impact of network game the work of system. Based on the analysis of the relevant policies of the network game management in China and the United States and other countries of the network game grading management system, proposed the establishment of network game classification management system suitable for the characteristics of China cultural views. The innovation of this paper, mainly reflected in the network game aesthetic theory analysis in the network game, violent resolution strategies, violence aesthetic characteristics of network game and its comparative study.

【学位授予单位】：上海大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：J01
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本文编号：1511721