英语学习对大学生文化认同影响研究

发布时间：2018-04-25 20:19

本文选题：文化认同 + 英语学习　；参考：《山东师范大学》2016年博士论文

【摘要】：当今世界,全球化已成为一股不可阻挡的时代潮流。同经济全球化一样,世界范围内的不同文化也借助于先进的信息技术以及发达的大众传媒,在加速交流与融合的同时,也获得了更多相互激荡与碰撞的机会,使我们处在一个复杂的多元文化环境中。不同文化和价值观之间的比较与冲突潜移默化地影响了个人的意识以及个体对于思想观念、本土文化、西方文化和个人价值等的认同目标。根据后殖民理论的观点,在世界步入全球化、现代化的今天,那些起步较早并得到迅速发展的、在经济科技等方面占绝对优势的国家对后发展起来的现代化国家仍然持有较为严重的文化霸权主义倾向,实际上造成了另外一种更为隐蔽的、包裹在合法形式外衣下的殖民——文化殖民。后殖民理论认为,出现这种情况的原因与东西方国家均有关系:一方面西方发达国家借助自身在经济等方面的强势力量主动对发展中国家进行强制性的文化传输和同化;另一方面,发展中国家为了能与西方发达国家在现代化进程上保持同步,也不得不服从于西方某些显性和隐性的文化侵略行为,从而逐步丧失了本土文化和民族自信心等。总之,不管出于什么样的原因,文化帝国主义和文化殖民现象都已经成为不可抵挡的事实。大学生是同龄人中的佼佼者,是十分宝贵的人才资源,是国家的希望、民族的未来。大学阶段是大学生的世界观、人生观、价值观形成、确立和发展变化的关键时期,在这一时期,大学生的心理具有好奇性、敏感性等特点,且可塑性较强。作为90后的在校大学生,具有较强的求知欲,对新事物具有强大的探求、理解和接受能力。进入大学后,面对变化了的复杂的学习和生活环境,面对纷繁的文化现象与价值观念,便主动或不自觉地汲取各种文化的汁液,但由于辨识能力的欠缺与思想觉悟的不足,又使得很多大学生对不同价值观念的中西方文化现象产生困惑和苦恼。西方的生活习惯、处事哲学和审美意识逐渐融入到大学生的价值观念中,与之相对应的中华优秀传统文化的价值观念却在大学生群体中式微与失落,这更多的反映出他们民族文化阵地的失守和价值观的动摇。中华传统文化在当代大学生群体中并未得到足够重视,存在着传承困境与危机。语言是文化的载体,英语学习者在学习英语知识和技能的同时,也必然遇到一个如何正确对待目的语民族文化和母语民族文化的问题,即学习者对于两种不同文化的认同问题。因此,我们需要从语言与文化关系的角度客观了解英语语言的学习对大学生这一群体的母语和目的语文化认同影响的现状。本文首先结合国内外学者有关文化认同的双语现象理论通过量化研究调查了解英语学习者中的在校大学生群体对母语文化和目的语文化的认同状况,分析"英语学习"、"性别"、"家庭背景"(农村/城镇)等是否为影响大学生在英语学习过程中对母语和目的语文化认同变化的因素。所用调查问卷在北京大学高一虹等所用"大学生英语学习动机与自我认同变化的调查"问卷中文化认同部分的基础上进行了修改和补充。通过质性研究集体半开放性正规访谈对非英语专业学生和英语专业学生获取英语文化的途径和接受程度、对母语和目的语及其表层文化和深层文化的认知理解和价值立场等进行了解。研究结论从影响英语学习者对母语和目的语文化认同与否的因素、英语学习者在不同文化层次上的认同程度、表现等方面分析。研究者从多角度对研究问题进行比较深入、细致的描述,了解被研究者的心理状态和意义建构。访谈所选择的问题是对被研究者具有实际意义,并为他们所关心的问题。根据研究结果研究者从教育学视角提出大学生英语教育优化的理论启示,包含正确文化观的树立、跨文化语境的营造、文化技能的培养、教育者关怀理念的强化等。同时,提出在英语教学实践中的对策建议,即在与英语教学相关的方面进行母语文化的渗透和目的语文化精髓的挖掘,以期能使大学生对母语文化和目的语文化形成理性的认知理解和价值立场,优化大学生英语教育。根据研究思路和研究内容,本文运用文献法、问卷调查法和访谈法对大学生的母语和目的语文化认同状况进行调查研究。本文总体结构共有六个部分组成:第一部分为绪论,介绍了本文的选题缘由、研究目的、研究意义、概念界定、研究思路以及研究方法等。第二部分为文献综述,即国内外有关语言学习与文化认同的相关研究以及对已有研究的述评。第三部分为研究的理论依据,本文主要运用Lambert有关二语学习者文化认同的"削减性双语现象"和"附加性双语现象"理论、高一虹有关外语学习者文化认同的"生产性双语现象"和"分裂性双语现象."理论以及建构主义学习理论,最后是以上理论对本研究的启发等。第四部分为实证研究结果部分即样本校大学生文化认同现状调查研究。包含问卷调查和访谈调查两部分,最后是研究结论。第五部分为大学生英语教育优化的理论启示,即针对前章的研究结果从宏观理论方面提出建议。共包含四个方面,分别是正确文化观的树立、跨文化语境的营造、文化技能的培养和教育者关怀理念的培养等。第六部分为英语教学实践中的对策建议。这一章亦针对前章的研究结果从两方面进行阐述,分别是母语文化的渗透和建构主义学习理论视角下的目的语文化精髓的挖掘。在国外有关语言学习与文化认同的研究上,从研究方法上来讲实证类研究为多数,主要分为关于移民文化认同情况的调查研究和关于双语或多语言使用者文化认同情况的调查研究。非实证类即有关语言学习与文化认同宏观理论方·面的研究。国内有关英语学习与文化认同的研究在数量上明显不足,从中国知网搜索相关关键词或主题,发现在博士学位论文中尚未有关于大学生文化认同方面的研究。国内这方面的研究基本上都是基于调查的实证类研究,按照研究对象分类主要分成两部分,一部分是专门针对高校英语专业学生的研究,另一部分是除此类研究对象之外的各种研究,包括少部分针对非英语专业学生和英语教师的研究,英语专业与非英语专业学生的对比研究等。本文的研究意义主要在于:首先,理论意义方面,综合有关语言学习与文化认同的相关研究,从内在制约机制和外在制约机制两个方面,总结形成大学生文化认同制约机制,丰富文化认同机制理论;在研究方法上借鉴综合前任研究者的问卷设计并对其题目进行完善,提高信度,丰富质性研究,加大访谈比重,完善实证调查研究。同时研究对象扩大到师范类高校英语专业本科生和研究生,丰富语言学习与大学生文化认同关系的研究,这也是出于综合展现并深化教育学、语言学、跨文化交际学等学科现有知识体系的研究需要。其次,现实意义方面,在对问卷调查数据和访谈结果分析的基础上,从英语学习角度客观了解高校英语专业和非英语专业大学生的不同双语现象变化,即对母语文化和目的语文化的认同现状;根据调查研究结果从教育学视角在教育实践方面对教育管理者和高校英语教师在专业英语教学与大学英语教学中提出相关教育启示;通过高校相关英语教学,培养大学生的文化自觉和文化自信,激发大学生对中华优秀文化的热爱之情和践行之志,巩固大学生的核心文化价值观,增强大学生对外来文化的选择能力,深化文化功能在高校育人过程中的作用,这是新时代下提升国家文化软实力以及提高国家战略储备人才素质的现实需要。
[Abstract]:In today's world, globalization has become an irresistible trend of the times. Like economic globalization, the different cultures around the world, with the help of advanced information technology and developed mass media, have also gained more opportunities for mutual shock and collision at the same time, and make us more complex. In the meta - cultural environment, the comparison and conflict between different cultures and values imperceptibly influence the individual's consciousness and the individual's identification goals for ideas, local culture, western culture and individual values. According to the view of the post colonial theory, the world is globalized and modernized today, those early and obtained The rapidly developing countries, which have an absolute advantage in economic science and technology, still have a more serious cultural hegemonism for the post - developed modern country, which actually creates another more concealed colonial - cultural colonization wrapped in legal forms. Postcolonial theory holds that this is the case. The reasons are related to both East and west countries: on the one hand, western developed countries take the initiative to carry out compulsory cultural transmission and assimilation to developing countries by their own strong forces in economic and other aspects. On the other hand, developing countries have to obey some western countries in order to keep pace with western developed countries in the process of modernization. The dominant and recessive cultural aggression has gradually lost its native culture and national self-confidence. In any case, cultural imperialism and cultural colonialism have become an irresistible fact, regardless of the reasons. College students are the best of their peers, are very valuable talent resources, a nation's hope, a nation. The university stage is the key period for college students' world outlook, outlook on life, values, and the establishment and development of changes. In this period, college students' psychology has the characteristics of curiosity, sensitivity and so on. As a post-90s college student, it has a strong desire for knowledge, and has a strong exploration, understanding and connection to the new things. After entering the University, facing the changing complex learning and living environment, facing the numerous cultural phenomena and values, they actively and involuntarily draw the juices of various cultures. However, due to the lack of identification and the lack of ideological awareness, many big students produce Chinese and Western cultural phenomena of different values. The western life habits, the philosophy and the aesthetic consciousness of the west gradually integrate into the values of college students. The values of the Chinese excellent traditional culture correspond to the Chinese students' Chinese micro and loss, which reflects the loss of their national cultural positions and the wavering of their values. There is not enough attention in the contemporary college students, and there is a dilemma and crisis. Language is the carrier of culture. While learning English knowledge and skills, English learners will inevitably encounter a problem of how to treat the national culture of the target language and the native culture of the mother tongue, that is, the learners recognize the two different cultures. Therefore, we need to understand the current situation of the influence of English language learning on the cultural identity of the native language and the target language of the college students from the perspective of the relationship between language and culture. This paper first combines the domestic and foreign scholars' bilingual phenomenon theory about cultural identity through quantitative research to understand English learners at school. The identity of college students in the mother tongue culture and the target language culture, and the analysis of "English learning", "gender", "family background" (rural / town) are the factors that affect the cultural identity of the native language and the target language in the course of English learning. On the basis of the cultural identity part of the questionnaire, the survey on the change of machine and self identity has been modified and supplemented. Through qualitative research on collective semi open formal interview, the approach and acceptance of English culture for non English majors and English majors, the understanding of the mother tongue and the language, the surface culture and the deep culture Understanding and value position and so on. The conclusions are analyzed from the factors affecting the cultural identity of English learners to the mother tongue and the target language, the degree of identity and performance of English learners at different cultural levels. State and meaning construction. The questions selected by the interview are of practical significance and concern for the researchers. According to the results of the research, the researcher proposes the theoretical enlightenment of the optimization of College Students' English education from the perspective of pedagogy, including the establishment of a correct cultural view, the construction of the cross-cultural context, the cultivation of cultural skills, and the education of the educators. At the same time, some suggestions are put forward in the practice of English teaching, namely, the infiltration of mother tongue culture and the excavation of the essence of the cultural essence of the target language in the aspects of English teaching, in order to enable the college students to form a rational cognitive understanding and value position to the mother tongue culture and the target language culture, and to optimize the college students' English education. According to the research ideas and research contents, this paper investigates the cultural identity of the mother tongue and the target language of college students by means of literature, questionnaire and interview. The overall structure of this paper consists of six parts: the first part is the introduction, which introduces the origin of the topic, the purpose, the significance, the definition and the study of the concept. The second part is the literature review, which is the related research on language learning and cultural identity at home and abroad, and the review of the existing research. The third part is the theoretical basis of the study. This article mainly uses the theory of "cut bilingualism" and "additional bilingualism" on the cultural identity of Lambert learners in two language. The "productive bilingualism" and "separatist bilingualism" and the theory of constructivism are the inspiration of the above theory to the study. The fourth part is the empirical study on the status quo of the cultural identity of the college students. The two part and the last is the conclusion of the study. The fifth part is the theoretical inspiration for the optimization of College Students' English education. That is to put forward some suggestions from the macro theoretical aspects of the research results of the former chapter, including four aspects, namely, the establishment of the correct cultural concept, the construction of the cross-cultural context, the cultivation of cultural skills and the cultivation of the concept of the caring of the educators. The six part is the countermeasures and suggestions in the practice of English teaching. This chapter also expounds the research results of the former chapter from two aspects, namely, the infiltration of the mother tongue culture and the excavation of the cultural essence of the target language from the perspective of the constructivist learning theory. The majority of the study, mainly divided into the investigation of the cultural identity of the immigrants and the research on the cultural identity of bilingual or multilingual users. The non positivist class is about the macro theory of language learning and cultural identity. The domestic research on English learning and cultural identity is obviously insufficient in number, It is found that there are no studies on cultural identity of college students in the doctoral thesis. The domestic research is basically based on the empirical research, which is divided into two parts according to the classification of the research objects, and some are specially aimed at the research of College English majors. The other part is a variety of research except the object of this study, including a few studies on non English majors and English teachers, the comparative study of English majors and non English majors. The main significance of this paper is: first, the theoretical significance, comprehensive related research on language learning and cultural identity, From two aspects of internal restriction mechanism and external restriction mechanism, the author summarizes the formation mechanism of College Students' cultural identity, enriches the theory of cultural identity mechanism, and draws lessons from the questionnaire design of the comprehensive former researchers and consumes their topics, improves the reliability, enriches the qualitative research, increases the proportion of interviews, and consummate empirical investigation and research. The research object is extended to the undergraduate and graduate students of Normal College English majors and the study of the relationship between language learning and college students' cultural identity. This is also necessary for the research of the existing knowledge system in the comprehensive display and deepening of education, linguistics, intercultural communication and other subjects. Secondly, the practical significance, in the questionnaire survey data On the basis of the analysis of the results of the interview, we have an objective understanding of the different Bilingual Phenomena of College English majors and non English majors from the perspective of English learning, that is, the status of the identity of the mother tongue culture and the target language culture; according to the results of the investigation, the education managers and College English teachers are in the educational practice from the educational perspective. The teaching of professional English and the teaching of College English put forward relevant educational revelations. Through the related English Teaching in Colleges and universities, the cultural self-consciousness and cultural confidence of the college students will be trained to stimulate the love and practice of the students to the Chinese excellent culture, to consolidate the core cultural values of the College students and to enhance the ability of the students to choose the foreign culture. Deepening the role of cultural function in the process of educating people in Colleges and universities is the practical need to improve the national cultural soft power and improve the quality of national strategic reserve talents in the new era.

【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：H319.3

【参考文献】