中国传统绘画空间构图的审美心理实验研究

发布时间：2018-05-04 20:46

本文选题：审美偏好 + 空间构图　；参考：《华东师范大学》2017年博士论文

【摘要】：本研究探讨视觉审美中绘画构图审美的心理机制。当前关于审美的实验研究中,绘画构图审美研究逐渐成为热点,但该领域的心理学实验研究忽视画框在构图中的作用,缺乏跨文化比较研究;实验研究方过于简单,生态效度偏低;受实验技术所限,只能对纵向构图或横向构图进行单维度实验操纵,对构图审美心理机制的揭示存在先天不足。均衡性指的是构图内部的相对关系,包括单个构图对象的构图位置、多个构图对象之间的位置关系、构图对象间的朝向关系,以及构图对象与构图整体及画框之间的联系等,是绘画构图审美价值的重要体现。本研究采用审美偏好评价范式、生成调整范式(自由构图和限定条件构图)和ERP实验技术,通过5个实验,分别采用抽象图形和中国传统绘画中典型的具象图形,严格量化分析了中国传统绘画空间构图的均衡性,以及构图审美的脑电活动规律。研究初步得出如下结论:1.中西方绘画的典型画框比例存在显著差异,且画框比例上的差异对空间构图具有显著影响。其中又以长纵框差异更为明显,人们在长纵框构图时更倾向于沿纵向对称轴,将重心放置在中间偏下的位置。2.空间构图的均衡性是绘画构图审美遵循的重要规律。在单个抽象物体构图时,被试倾向于将其放置在画框中心或纵向、横向对称轴上;在两个或两个以上抽象物体构图时,被试倾向于调整构图对象之间的相对位置、距离和象限关系,并将重心放置在画框中央或中央偏下区域,更偏好对角象限关系构图。在两个或多个具象图形构图时,同样遵循空间布局的均衡性规律。3.朝向关系在具象图形构图中具有重要作用。两个具象图形构图时,当两个物体的延长线产生交叉,从而体现出两个物体的运动角度产生汇聚趋势时,人们对此的审美偏好评价也相对较高。画面中的兴趣点和背景也存在构图朝向上的均衡关系。4.审美过程中晚期的脑电活动呈现明显的左右脑差异,审美认知加工活动晚期存在主观偏好判断的特征波形。5.空间构图审美存在专家—新手差异。专家更注重着眼整个画框进行布局,构图结果具有更高的均衡性;对于符合审美规律的图片,脑电反应强度更大,速度更快。
[Abstract]:This study explores the psychological mechanism of painting composition aesthetics in visual aesthetics. In the current experimental research on aesthetics, the aesthetic research of painting composition has gradually become a hot spot, but the psychological experimental research in this field neglects the role of picture frames in composition, and lacks cross-cultural comparative research, and the experimental research is too simple. The ecological validity is on the low side; limited by experimental technology, only longitudinal or horizontal composition can be manipulated by single dimensional experiments, and the revelation of aesthetic psychological mechanism of composition is inherently deficient. Equilibrium refers to the relative relationship within the composition, including the position of a single composition object, the position relationship between multiple composition objects, the orientation relationship between the composition objects, and the relationship between the composition object and the whole composition and the picture frame, etc. It is an important embodiment of aesthetic value of painting composition. In this study, the aesthetic preference evaluation paradigm was used to generate the adjustment paradigm (free composition and restricted conditional composition) and ERP experimental technology. Through five experiments, abstract graphics and typical figurative figures in traditional Chinese painting were adopted, respectively. The equilibrium of space composition of Chinese traditional painting and the law of EEG activity in composition aesthetics are analyzed in strict quantification. The preliminary conclusion of the study is as follows: 1. There are significant differences in the proportion of typical picture frames between Chinese and Western paintings, and the difference in the proportion of picture frames has a significant impact on spatial composition. The difference of the long longitudinal frame is more obvious, people tend to place the center of gravity in the center of the center of gravity along the vertical symmetry axis when the long longitudinal frame is constructed. The balance of space composition is an important rule followed by painting composition aesthetics. In the case of a single abstract object, the subjects tend to place it in the center of the frame or in the vertical, horizontal axis of symmetry; in the case of two or more abstract objects, the subjects tend to adjust the relative position between the composition objects. Distance and quadrant relations, and the center of gravity in the center of the frame or the center of the lower region, prefer diagonal quadrant relationship composition. In the case of two or more figurative graphics, the equilibrium law of spatial layout is also followed. 3. Orientation relation plays an important role in the figurative graphic composition. When the extension lines of the two objects cross and the angle of motion of the two objects converges, the aesthetic preference of the two objects is relatively high. The interest point and the background in the picture also have the equalization relation of the composition orientation. 4. The EEG activity in the middle and late stage of aesthetic process showed obvious difference between left and right brain, and the characteristic waveform of subjective preference judgment existed in the late stage of aesthetic cognitive processing. 5. There are differences between experts and novice in space composition aesthetics. Experts pay more attention to the whole picture frame layout, the composition results have a higher balance; for the image in line with the aesthetic law, EEG response intensity is greater, faster.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：J206.1

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