基于水影画技法的装饰薄木制备技术研究

发布时间：2018-05-06 05:39

本文选题：水影画技法 + 装饰薄木　；参考：《中国林业科学研究院》2016年博士论文

【摘要】：水影画是利用油水分离的原理,采用矿物质颜料在水面上进行作画的一种绘画技法,将该技法用于薄木表面装饰上,会产生不同于传统工艺的装饰效果,图案具有随机性、独创性和唯一性,其产品可用于墙面、地板、礼品、家具、局部装饰以及家居陈设品等方面。本研究利用水影画技法与薄木相结合,研发出新型装饰薄木制备技术,改变了装饰薄木的传统工艺,为薄木装饰材料的定制服务和个性化设计提供了一种新的途径。本研究选用浅色系的大青杨(Populus ussuriensis),白枫(Acer saccarum Marsh),白松(Pinus strobus)薄木为试件,系统研究了不同制备工艺条件下,水影画技法装饰薄木的表面效果、耐磨性、耐光性、颜色覆盖程度以及染色深度等基本性能,并利用一系列先进仪器与设备,对装饰薄木试件的接触角、表面自由能、微观形貌、化学基团变化等进行了表征与分析,最终得到的主要结论和结果如下:(1)制备试验的结果总结出画液的最优配比参数和基本工艺流程。其中画液配比参数为8-10g画粉配1000ml清水,温度180°加热3-5min,冷却3-4h。在工艺流程试验中发现薄木表面预先打磨、画液冷却充分、拓印后的薄木平铺通风晾干、绘制完毕用普通纸吸附画液表面残余颜料,这几个关键环节和步骤,能极大的优化工艺过程,并提高工艺质量。(2)耐磨性试验表明,试件表面预先经过打磨处理后,其耐磨性能大大提高;耐磨性因树种不同而异,纹理通直细密的树种,着色后单板的耐磨性能更好,白枫(Acer saccarum Marsh)试件体现出更好耐磨性能。(3)氙光衰减仪辐射试验结果表明,光照过程中不同树种的着色单板试件均有一定程度的褪色,其中,白枫(Acer saccarum Marsh)的耐光性能最好;三种颜料中,红色颜料的△E*ab(红)为8.07、蓝色颜料的△E*ab(蓝)为12.70、黄色颜料的△E*ab(黄)仅为6.77,黄色颜料的耐光性能最好;着色试件光照100h后,色品指数均偏向黄绿。(4)红外光谱分析(FTIR)结果可以推断出,着色试件在1720-1740cm-1附近表示半纤维素木聚糖及无机颜料氧化物的C=O伸缩振动的特征峰,其吸光强度在光照后有明显的减弱;在1050cm-1处为木材纤维素和半纤维素的C-O伸缩振动的特征峰,其吸光强度在光照后只有微小的减弱。说明光照前后,存在于着色薄木中的颜料和薄木本身均发生了氧化变色,颜料的氧化变色更为显著。(5)扫描电镜(SEM)观察结合能谱元素分析的结果表明,通过水影画技法装饰薄木,是一种木材表面的着色,黄色颜料层的深度为40μm,红色为140μm,蓝色为150μm,黄色颜料层的着色深度最小;扫描电镜(SEM)结果表明,黄色颜料的试件木材导管基本被覆盖,而红色和蓝色颜料只有很小区域内的导管被覆盖,表明黄色颜料覆盖程度最好。这表明黄色颜料覆盖程度最好。颜料在薄木表面的分散程度与颜料研磨的精细程度有直接的关系。(6)接触角测试和表面自由能的分析表明,大青杨(Populus ussuriensis),白枫(Acer saccarum Marsh)和白松(Pinus strobus)试件着色后的接触角,无论极性液体还是非极性液体,都大于未着色试件,呈明显的疏水特性。(7)通过着色过程和图案形成方式解析,发现绘制过程可以通过计算机辅助参与,也为以后对工艺流程的提升和完善,提出了建设性意见。
[Abstract]:Water shadow painting is a painting technique using the principle of oil and water separation, using mineral pigments on the surface of the water. Using this technique to decorate the surface of a thin wood, it will produce a decorative effect different from the traditional process. The pattern is random, ingenious and unique. The product can be used for wall, floor, gift, furniture, and local decoration. In this study, a new decorative thin wood preparation technology was developed by combining water shadow painting technique with thin wood, which changed the traditional craft of decorative veneer, and provided a new way for the customized service and personalized design of the veneer decoration materials. This study chose the light color Populus ussuriensis, white. Acer saccarum Marsh (Pinus strobus) and white pine (Pinus strobus) thin wood were used as a test piece. The surface effect, wear resistance, light resistance, color coverage and dyeing depth of the veneer were studied under different preparation conditions. The contact angle of the ornamental wood specimen was used by a series of advanced instruments and equipment. The surface free energy, micromorphology, chemical group change and so on are characterized and analyzed. The main conclusions and results are as follows: (1) the optimal ratio parameters and basic process flow of the drawing fluid are summed up. The ratio parameter of the drawing fluid is 8-10g painting powder with 1000ml water, the temperature is heated at 180 degrees 3-5min, and the cooling 3-4h. is in the process flow. In the course test, it is found that the surface of the wood is beforehand polished, the painting liquid is cooled fully, the thin wood after the rubbings is laid out to dry, and the surface residual pigment on the surface of the painting is sored with ordinary paper. These key links and steps can greatly optimize the process process and improve the quality of the process. (2) the wear resistance test shows that the surface of the specimen is beforehand polished. After that, the wear resistance of the tree is greatly improved, the wear resistance varies with the tree species and the texture is straight and fine. The wear resistance of the veneer after coloring is better. The Bai Feng (Acer saccarum Marsh) specimen shows better wear resistance. (3) the radiation test results of the xenon light attenuation instrument show that the color mono plate of different tree species in the light process has a certain degree. Color fading, of which, Bai Feng (Acer saccarum Marsh) has the best light resistance; of the three pigments, the red pigment Delta E*ab (red) is 8.07, the blue pigment Delta E*ab (blue) is 12.70, the yellow pigment Delta E*ab (yellow) is only 6.77, the yellow pigment is the best light resistance; after the illumination 100h, the color index is biased to the yellow green. (4) infrared spectral division. The results of the analysis (FTIR) can be deduced that the colored specimen shows the characteristic peak of the C=O expansion vibration of the hemicellulose xylan and the inorganic pigment oxide in the vicinity of 1720-1740cm-1, and the absorbance intensity is obviously weakened after the light, and the characteristic peak of the C-O expansion vibration of the wood cellulose and hemicellulose at the 1050cm-1 is in the light intensity after the illumination. There is only a slight weakening. It is indicated that the pigments and thin wood in the colored wood are discoloured and discoloured more significantly before and after the illumination. (5) the scanning electron microscope (SEM) observation combined with the analysis of the elements of energy spectrum shows that the ornamental wood on the wood surface is painted by the water shadow painting technique, and the yellow pigment layer is a kind of wood surface. The depth is 40 mu m, red is 140 mu m, blue is 150 mu m, and the color depth of yellow pigment layer is the smallest. The result of scanning electron microscope (SEM) shows that the wood catheter of yellow pigment is covered basically, and the red and blue pigment is covered only in the small area of the area, indicating that the yellow pigment is best covered. This indicates the degree of yellow pigment covering. The degree of dispersion of the pigment on the surface of the wood has a direct relationship with the fine degree of the pigment grinding. (6) the contact angle test and the analysis of the surface free energy show that the contact angle after the color of the Populus ussuriensis, the white maple (Acer saccarum Marsh) and the white pine (Pinus strobus) specimens, both polar and nonpolar liquids, More than the uncoloured specimen, it has obvious hydrophobic properties. (7) through the analysis of the process of coloring and pattern formation, it is found that the drawing process can be assisted by computer aided, and the constructive suggestions are also put forward for the improvement and improvement of the process.

【学位授予单位】：中国林业科学研究院
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：J211;TS652

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