汉语家庭交流中建议会话分析

发布时间：2018-11-27 11:36

【摘要】：本文采用会话分析的研究方法,描写家庭建议会话结构。研究家庭交流中人们是如何给予建议、如何询问建议、如何回应建议。在建议会话结构描写的基础上,从关心角度对建议会话结构加以解释。绪论主要介绍研究对象、研究问题、研究价值、研究思路、会话分析的研究方法、语料情况。第1章是研究综述。国外建议会话研究的成果多来自于机构会话。研究问题聚焦于机构会话中交际双方信息的不对称性,机构运营指导方针对建议会话结构的制约。第2章是建议类会话的性质、结构。这一章的内容是本文的研究基础。在Searl(1969)建议定义的基础上,提出建议的指令性、信息性、受益性三个行为特征。在吕明臣(2005)交际意图模式基础上,提出建议意图模式。本文会话分析的单位确定为建议序列簇—建议序列—建议相邻对。建议意图在家庭交流中实现为劝说行为、提醒行为、嘱咐行为。第3章是劝说。预示劝说序列簇是劝说会话结构的重要特征。依据预示劝说序列对后续根劝说序列的投射。指令性预示劝说序列最为常见,序列位置上先于信息性预示劝说序列与受益性预示劝说序列。劝说相邻对的研究发现,始发语位置劝说最为常见,既有问题明示类劝说,也有问题隐含类劝说。应答语位置劝说经常作为询问意见或问题陈述的回应。劝说回应包括光杆类接受、光杆类拒绝、自我解释类拒绝、第三方解释类拒绝、话轮间沉默、知情独立类回应。第4章是提醒。提醒序列簇由问题浮现序列与提醒序列共同构成。问题浮现序列与提醒序列都是根序列,序列之间构成触发关系。多次提醒序列、多步骤提醒序列、多人提醒序列共同构成了复杂提醒序列。提醒相邻对的研究发现,提醒行为只出现在始发语位置,分为报事类提醒与担心类提醒。提醒的回应包括光杆类接受、光杆类拒绝、解释类拒绝、知情状态独立类回应。第5章是嘱咐。触发结束序列簇由嘱咐序列与结束序列构成,嘱咐的序列簇类别反映嘱咐序列的寒暄性特征。嘱咐相邻对的研究发现,嘱咐在相邻对中位置比较灵活。既可以出现在始发语位置构成担心类嘱咐与寒暄类嘱咐,又可以出现在应答语位置作为对告别行为的回应。嘱咐的回应包括光杆类接受、知情独立类回应、话题转移类回应、敷衍类回应。第6章是汉语家庭建议会话结构。劝说会话结构倾向于解决问题,提醒会话结构倾向于提示信息,嘱咐会话结构倾向于调节人际关系。受制于家庭的关心原则,建议会话结构呈现出问题敏感、出谋划策、趋利避害的结构特征。结语总结了研究结论,指出研究的局限,提出进一步研究构想。
[Abstract]:This paper uses conversational analysis to describe the conversational structure of family advice. Study how people give advice, ask for advice, and respond to it in family communication. Based on the description of the proposed conversational structure, this paper interprets the proposed conversational structure from the perspective of concern. The introduction mainly introduces the research object, the research question, the research value, the research thought, the conversational analysis research method, the corpus situation. Chapter 1 is a review of research. Most of the achievements of foreign research on constructive conversation come from institutional conversation. The research focuses on the asymmetry of the information between the two parties in the organizational conversation, and the constraints of the organizational operation director on the suggested conversational structure. Chapter 2 is the nature and structure of the session. The content of this chapter is the basis of this paper. Based on the definition of Searl (1969), three behavioral characteristics of instruction, information and benefit are proposed. Based on the communicative intention model of Lu Mingchen (2005), this paper proposes a suggested intention model. The unit of conversation analysis in this paper is the suggested sequence cluster-suggested sequence-recommended adjacent pair. Suggestions are intended to be used as persuasion, reminder, and instruction in family communication. Chapter 3 is persuasion. Persuasion sequence cluster is an important feature of persuasive conversation structure. Projection of subsequent root persuasion sequence based on predictive persuasion sequence. Instruction foreshadowing persuasion sequence is the most common sequence, the sequence is prior to information prediction persuasion sequence and beneficial predictive persuasion sequence. The study of persuading adjoining pairs found that locational persuasion is the most common problem, both express persuasion and implicit persuasion. Responsive location persuasion is often used as a response to an inquiry or a question statement. Persuasion responses include bare pole acceptance, bare pole rejection, self-explanation refusal, third party interpretive rejection, inter-turn silence, and informed and independent response. Chapter 4 is a reminder. The cluster of reminder sequences is composed of problem emergence sequences and reminder sequences. Both problem emergence sequences and reminder sequences are root sequences, which form a trigger relationship. Multiple reminders, multi-step reminders, and multi-person reminders together constitute complex reminder sequences. The study of adjoining pairs of reminders found that the alerting behavior only appeared in the position of origin language, which was divided into newspaper reminders and worried reminders. Responses to reminders include bare pole acceptance, bare bar rejection, interpretive rejection, and informed state independent response. Chapter 5 is an instruction. The triggered end sequence cluster is composed of an order sequence and an end sequence, and the order cluster category reflects the greeting characteristics of the order sequence. The study of ordering adjoining pairs found that instruction was more flexible in the middle of adjacent pairs. Not only can it appear in the position of the origin language, but also it can be used as a response to the behavior of farewell. Responses include smooth acceptance, informed and independent responses, topic-shifting responses, perfunctory responses. Chapter 6 is the Chinese family suggestion conversation structure. Persuasive conversational structure tends to solve problems, reminding conversational structure tends to prompt information, and instructing conversational structure tends to regulate interpersonal relationships. Subject to the care principle of the family, it suggests that the conversational structure presents the structural characteristics of being sensitive to problems, giving advice and seeking advantages and avoiding disadvantages. The conclusion summarizes the research conclusions, points out the limitations of the research, and puts forward further research ideas.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：H136

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