心理治疗中共情的话语语用研究：人际关系管理视角
发布时间：2025-02-05 11:12
心理治疗是“以言治病”的活动,治疗师和来访者通过言语互动来共同推动诊疗活动的有序开展。在言语互动的过程中,培养温暖、愉悦、可信的关系是取得良好治疗效果的前提和保障。在建立这种关系的过程中,共情起着至关重要的作用。心理治疗中的共情是指治疗师从来访者的角度理解来访者的想法、经历和感受的情感行为。它是准确感受当事人的内心世界的能力,是智力与情感的过程,不仅需要理解、认知另一个人的情绪与处境,还需要将这种理解和认知准确地传达给来访者。虽然共情这一现象引起了学者的重视并取得了许多重要的研究成果,但这些研究主要是从心理学视角出发,关注点在于较为宏观的共情的作用及技术层面,而对于治疗师在治疗过程中共情表达的具体实践方面鲜有研究。基于自然发生的心理治疗会话,本研究尝试对治疗师如何表达共情进行语言分析。本研究语料来自于治疗师与来访者言语互动的视屏录像,选取17次的心理治疗会话为研究对象。本研究以人际和谐理论为理论框架,运用会话分析的方法对心理治疗师和来访者言语互动中的共情现象进行话语语用分析,主要探究心理咨询中共情是如何在关系取向、以言行事域、话语域、参与域和非言语域中实现。就关系取向而言,本研究发现心理...
【文章页数】：259 页
【学位级别】：博士
【文章目录】：
Abstract
摘要
Chapter One Introduction
1.1 Background of the Study
1.2 Rationale for the Study
1.3 Research Objectives
1.4 Significance of the Study
1.5 Organization of the Dissertation
Chapter Two Literature Review
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Emotion in Interaction
2.2.1 Emotion
2.2.2 Emotion and Social Actions
2.3 Studies of Empathy in Psychology
2.3.1 Empathy and Sympathy
2.3.2 Historical Development of Empathy
2.3.3 The Nature and Features of Empathy
2.3.4 Phrases of Empathy
2.4 Studies of Empathy in Other Main Disciplines
2.4.1 Empathy in Nursing
2.4.2 Empathy in Medicine
2.4.3 Empathy in Linguistics
2.5 Conversation Analysis as an Analytical Approach to Empathy in Institutional Interaction
2.5.1 Conversation Analysis
2.5.2 Conversation Analysis and Institutional Interaction
2.5.3 Conversation Analysis and Empathy in Institutional Interaction
2.6 Research Gaps and Questions
2.7 Summary
Chapter Three Theoretical Considerations and Analytical Framework
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Politeness and Rapport Management
3.3 Rapport Management Theory
3.4 Components of Rapport Management
3.4.1 Behavioral Expectations
3.4.2 Face Sensitivities
3.4.3 Interactional Goals
3.5 Rapport Orientation
3.6 Rapport Management Strategy Domains
3.7 Three Fundamental Structures of Conversation Analysis
3.7.1 Turn Taking
3.7.2 Sequence Organizatin
3.7.3 Repair
3.8 The Analytical Framework for This Study
3.9 Summary
Chapter Four Methodology
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Data Source and Data Collection
4.3 Selecting Target Instances
4.4 Data Transcription and Analytical Procedures
4.5 Data Analysis
4.6 Summary
Chapter Five Rapport Orientation in Empathy
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Overall Distribution of Face-related Acts of Empathy
5.3 Face-enhancing Acts of Empathy
5.4 Face-neglecting Acts of Empathy
5.5 Face-threatening Acts of Empathy
5.6 Summary
Chapter Six Interactional Practices in Therapists' Empathie Responses to Clients' Troubles Telling
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Overall Distribution of Interactional Practices for Achieving Empathy
6.3 Interactional Practices for Achieving Empathy
6.3.1 Partaking in Clients' Feelings or Thoughts(PCFT)
6.3.2 Offering Comfort(OC)
6.3.3 Sharing the Same Experience as the Client(SSEC)
6.3.4 Formulating the Gist of Clients' Troubles Telling(FGCTT)
6.3.5 Formulating the Upshot of the Reported Problem(FURP)
6.3.6 Offering an Empathic Diagnosis(OED)
6.3.7 Offering a Candidate Method for Solving the Reported Problem(OCMSRP)
6.3.8 Elaborating on the Client's Reported Problem(ECRP)
6.3.9 Making a Positive Assessment of the Client's Action(MPACA)
6.3.10 Downgrading Their Epistemic Rights to Clients' Troubled Experience (DTERCTE)
6.4 Interactional Practices and Rapport Management
6.4.1 Interational Practices and Behavioral Expectations
6.4.2 Interactional Practices and Face Sensitivities
6.4.3 Ineractional Practices and Interactional Wants
6.5 Summary
Chapter Seven Sequential Organization of Therapist's Empathic Responses to Client's Troubles Telling in Psychotherapy
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Sequential Organization of the Empathic Sequence
7.2.1 Four-part Structure of the Empathic Sequence
7.2.2 Adjacency Pairs in the Empathic Sequence
7.2.3 Pre-expansion in the Empathic Sequence
7.2.4 Insert Expansion in the Empathic Sequence
7.2.5 Post-expansion in the Empathic Sequence
7.3 Structure Features of Empathic Sequence
7.3.1 Trouble Elicitation Formats
7.3.2 Client's Troubles Telling
7.3.3 Therapist's Empathy
7.3.4 Client's Response
7.4 Summary
Chapter Eight Empathy in Participation and Nonverbal Domain of Rapport Management
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Empathy in the Participation Domain
8.2.1 Turn-taking
8.2.2 Lexical Substitution
8.2.3 Pronoun Use
8.2.4 Intersubjectivity
8.2.5 Empathic Continuers
8.3 Empathy in Non-erbal Domain
8.3.1 Nodding
8.3.2 Eye Contact
8.3.3 Leaning Slightly Forward
8.3.4 Sorrowful Facial Display
8.3.5 Smile
8.4 Summary
Chapter Nine Conclusion
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Major Findings
9.3 Implications for Psychotherapeutic Practices
9.4 Limitations of the Study
9.5 Summary
References
Appendix Ⅰ
Appendix Ⅱ
Acknowledgements
Publications
学位论文评阅及答辩情况表
本文编号：4029744
【文章页数】：259 页
【学位级别】：博士
【文章目录】：
Abstract
摘要
Chapter One Introduction
1.1 Background of the Study
1.2 Rationale for the Study
1.3 Research Objectives
1.4 Significance of the Study
1.5 Organization of the Dissertation
Chapter Two Literature Review
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Emotion in Interaction
2.2.1 Emotion
2.2.2 Emotion and Social Actions
2.3 Studies of Empathy in Psychology
2.3.1 Empathy and Sympathy
2.3.2 Historical Development of Empathy
2.3.3 The Nature and Features of Empathy
2.3.4 Phrases of Empathy
2.4 Studies of Empathy in Other Main Disciplines
2.4.1 Empathy in Nursing
2.4.2 Empathy in Medicine
2.4.3 Empathy in Linguistics
2.5 Conversation Analysis as an Analytical Approach to Empathy in Institutional Interaction
2.5.1 Conversation Analysis
2.5.2 Conversation Analysis and Institutional Interaction
2.5.3 Conversation Analysis and Empathy in Institutional Interaction
2.6 Research Gaps and Questions
2.7 Summary
Chapter Three Theoretical Considerations and Analytical Framework
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Politeness and Rapport Management
3.3 Rapport Management Theory
3.4 Components of Rapport Management
3.4.1 Behavioral Expectations
3.4.2 Face Sensitivities
3.4.3 Interactional Goals
3.5 Rapport Orientation
3.6 Rapport Management Strategy Domains
3.7 Three Fundamental Structures of Conversation Analysis
3.7.1 Turn Taking
3.7.2 Sequence Organizatin
3.7.3 Repair
3.8 The Analytical Framework for This Study
3.9 Summary
Chapter Four Methodology
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Data Source and Data Collection
4.3 Selecting Target Instances
4.4 Data Transcription and Analytical Procedures
4.5 Data Analysis
4.6 Summary
Chapter Five Rapport Orientation in Empathy
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Overall Distribution of Face-related Acts of Empathy
5.3 Face-enhancing Acts of Empathy
5.4 Face-neglecting Acts of Empathy
5.5 Face-threatening Acts of Empathy
5.6 Summary
Chapter Six Interactional Practices in Therapists' Empathie Responses to Clients' Troubles Telling
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Overall Distribution of Interactional Practices for Achieving Empathy
6.3 Interactional Practices for Achieving Empathy
6.3.1 Partaking in Clients' Feelings or Thoughts(PCFT)
6.3.2 Offering Comfort(OC)
6.3.3 Sharing the Same Experience as the Client(SSEC)
6.3.4 Formulating the Gist of Clients' Troubles Telling(FGCTT)
6.3.5 Formulating the Upshot of the Reported Problem(FURP)
6.3.6 Offering an Empathic Diagnosis(OED)
6.3.7 Offering a Candidate Method for Solving the Reported Problem(OCMSRP)
6.3.8 Elaborating on the Client's Reported Problem(ECRP)
6.3.9 Making a Positive Assessment of the Client's Action(MPACA)
6.3.10 Downgrading Their Epistemic Rights to Clients' Troubled Experience (DTERCTE)
6.4 Interactional Practices and Rapport Management
6.4.1 Interational Practices and Behavioral Expectations
6.4.2 Interactional Practices and Face Sensitivities
6.4.3 Ineractional Practices and Interactional Wants
6.5 Summary
Chapter Seven Sequential Organization of Therapist's Empathic Responses to Client's Troubles Telling in Psychotherapy
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Sequential Organization of the Empathic Sequence
7.2.1 Four-part Structure of the Empathic Sequence
7.2.2 Adjacency Pairs in the Empathic Sequence
7.2.3 Pre-expansion in the Empathic Sequence
7.2.4 Insert Expansion in the Empathic Sequence
7.2.5 Post-expansion in the Empathic Sequence
7.3 Structure Features of Empathic Sequence
7.3.1 Trouble Elicitation Formats
7.3.2 Client's Troubles Telling
7.3.3 Therapist's Empathy
7.3.4 Client's Response
7.4 Summary
Chapter Eight Empathy in Participation and Nonverbal Domain of Rapport Management
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Empathy in the Participation Domain
8.2.1 Turn-taking
8.2.2 Lexical Substitution
8.2.3 Pronoun Use
8.2.4 Intersubjectivity
8.2.5 Empathic Continuers
8.3 Empathy in Non-erbal Domain
8.3.1 Nodding
8.3.2 Eye Contact
8.3.3 Leaning Slightly Forward
8.3.4 Sorrowful Facial Display
8.3.5 Smile
8.4 Summary
Chapter Nine Conclusion
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Major Findings
9.3 Implications for Psychotherapeutic Practices
9.4 Limitations of the Study
9.5 Summary
References
Appendix Ⅰ
Appendix Ⅱ
Acknowledgements
Publications
学位论文评阅及答辩情况表
本文编号：4029744
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