乡村法律顾问制度规范化研究

发布时间：2017-12-27 16:59

本文关键词：乡村法律顾问制度规范化研究　出处：《山东大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：在社会主义新农村建设的大背景下,农村群众日益增长的法律服务需求与农村社会法律资源匮乏的矛盾日益突出。农村经济的快速增长和利益分化带来社会急剧变迁,村改居宅基地纠纷、征地拆迁补偿纠纷、村集体经济分红问题、劳动纠纷和婚姻家庭矛盾等问题层出不穷。面对新情况和新问题,以威权和宗族纽带建立起来的传统纠纷解决机制面临失灵的尴尬,部分地区甚至出现因为征地拆迁等问题导致村民与基层政府激烈对峙、引发群体事件的紧张局面。如何化解矛盾纠纷,增加农村社会的稳定因素成为摆在政府面前的一道难题。在依法治国背景下,运用法治思维,增加农村社会的法律服务供给成为破解难题的必然选择。以广东省为代表的省份建立起以"一村一法律顾问"为实现形式的乡村法律顾问制度。该制度通过聘用律师或者基层法律服务工作者到基层建制村担任法律顾问的形式,建立起覆盖面更广、服务内容更加全面的法律服务供给方式。乡村法律顾问制度处在初期发展阶段,制度失范带来了制度执行度不高、缺乏经费保障和考核评价机制等问题。虽然在国家层面已经认识到了建立乡村法律顾问制度的重要性,但是缺乏相关政策文件的支持。在省级层面,不少省份尝试从乡村法律顾问工作的指导思想和目标、人员配置和责任义务、组织领导和经费保障等方面做了纲领性规定,但纲领性文件的规定缺乏可操作性。因此,乡村法律顾问制度规范化研究显得非常必要,如何进行乡村法律顾问制度规范化体系构建是研究的重点,本文即是围绕此展开。本文在结构上分为六个部分。第一部分从介绍制度运行的基本概况和政策法规依据入手,介绍了我国乡村法律顾问制度的发展现状。第二部分分析了制度失范带来的问题,讨论乡村法律顾问制度规范化的必要性。第三部分通过对乡村法律顾问制度建设的现实剖析,总结现有制度建设情况和不足之处。第四、五部分是本文的核心内容,为了解决以上不足,笔者根据现有制度建设描绘的制度框架提出了乡村法律顾问制度规范化的体系设计,并提出了政府在加强乡村法律顾问制度规范化建设中应该采取的重点措施。第六部分是对本文内容的总结和概况。本文的价值在于对乡村法律顾问制度规范化进行了具体的制度设计,提出了做好制度规范化建设应采取的重点措施。
[Abstract]:In the context of the construction of the new socialist countryside, the contradiction between the growing demand for legal services and the lack of legal resources in the rural society is becoming increasingly prominent. The rapid growth of rural economy and the differentiation of interests have brought about rapid social changes. There are many problems such as disputes in the residential areas, compensation disputes in land acquisition, demolition, collective economic dividends, labor disputes and marriage and family conflicts. Facing the new situation and new problems, the traditional dispute settlement mechanism established by authority and clan ties is facing the embarrassment of failure. In some areas, some problems such as land acquisition and demolition have led to a fierce confrontation between the villagers and the grass-roots government, causing tension in group incidents. How to dissolve the contradictions and disputes and increase the stability of the rural society has become a difficult problem in front of the government. Under the background of ruling the country according to law, using the rule of law thinking to increase the supply of legal services in the rural society has become the inevitable choice to solve the problem. In the province represented by Guangdong Province, the system of rural legal advisers is established in the form of "one village and one legal adviser". The system has established a more extensive and more comprehensive way of providing legal services by employing lawyers or grass-roots legal workers to form legal counsel in grass-roots villages. The rural legal adviser system is in the initial stage of development. The system anomie has brought about the problems of low system implementation, lack of funds guarantee and assessment and evaluation mechanism. Although the importance of establishing the system of rural legal advisors has been recognized at the national level, the support of relevant policy documents is lacking. At the provincial level, many provinces have tried to make programmatic provisions from the guiding ideology and objectives, staffing and responsibilities, organizational leadership and financial support, etc., but the provisions of programmatic documents are not operable. Therefore, the standardization of rural counsel system is very necessary. How to establish the standardization system of rural legal counsel system is the focus of research. This article is divided into six parts in structure. The first part begins with the introduction of the basic situation of the introduction of the system and the basis of policy and regulation, and introduces the current situation of the development of the rural legal adviser system in China. The second part analyzes the problems brought by the anomie of the system, and discusses the necessity of standardizing the system of rural legal advisers. The third part, through the analysis of the reality of the construction of the rural legal adviser system, summarizes the existing system construction and shortcomings. The fourth, fifth part is the core content of this article, in order to solve the above problems, the author puts forward the design of the system of the rural legal system according to the standard system framework to describe the existing system construction, and proposed the government to strengthen the construction of rural legal system standardization should focus on the measures taken. The sixth part is the summary and overview of the content of this article. The value of this article is to design a specific system for the standardization of the rural legal counsel system, and put forward the key measures to do well in the standardization of the system.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D926.5

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