南极海洋保护区法律问题研究

发布时间：2018-04-07 15:45

本文选题：海洋保护区　切入点：养护措施　出处：《武汉大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：目前,人类对南极的探索逐步深入,特别是加大了对南大洋生物资源的开发利用,比如对南极磷虾和犬牙鱼的商业捕捞。但是,由于过度捕捞甚至IUU捕捞,南极海域生物多样性面临威胁。面对这一挑战,南极海洋生物资源养护委员会根据《南极海洋生物资源养护公约》等公约,通过了一系列养护措施,建立了南极海洋保护区。这是南极海洋生物资源保护的新发展。南极海洋保护区是公海保护区网络建设的重要部分,并涉及南极国际治理和中国的南极利益,目前国内对此关注不多,具有一定研究价值。本文首先介绍了海洋保护区的定义和功能,全球其他地区的海洋保护区实践对南极海域的借鉴意义;然后,针对南极海洋保护区的实质即南极海洋生物资源保护,从全球视野和区域角度分别进行国际法分析;再结合法律与实践,重点阐述了南极已建立的两个海洋保护区以及总体框架规定;随后,在国际和南极的背景下,对南极海洋保护区的前景予以展望。由于国际社会的环境意识、合作意识的增强,加上科学技术水平的提高,南大洋将会有更多的海洋保护区得到建立。中国是CCAMLR的重要一员,在南极海洋保护区发展中应当发挥更加积极的建设性作用,将全球环境利益和自身国家利益有机结合起来。
[Abstract]:At present, the exploration of Antarctica has gradually deepened, especially the exploitation and utilization of biological resources in the Southern Ocean, such as commercial fishing of Antarctic krill and canine toothfish.However, because of overfishing and even IUU fishing, biodiversity in Antarctic area is threatened.In the face of this challenge, CCAMLR has adopted a series of conservation measures in accordance with the Convention for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine living Resources (CCAMLR) and has established the Antarctic Marine protected area (CCAMLR).This is a new development in the conservation of Antarctic marine living resources.The Antarctic marine protected area is an important part of the network construction of the high seas protected area, and involves the Antarctic international governance and the Antarctic interest of China. At present, there is not much attention to this in our country, which has certain research value.This paper first introduces the definition and function of marine protected areas, and the practice of marine protected areas in other parts of the world for reference to the Antarctic sea area, and then, in view of the essence of the Antarctic marine protected area, that is, the conservation of Antarctic marine living resources,An analysis of international law from a global perspective and a regional perspective, followed by a combination of law and practice, focusing on the two marine protected areas established in Antarctica and the overall framework provisions; and subsequently, in the international and Antarctic context,The prospect of Antarctic marine protected area is prospected.More marine protected areas will be established in the Southern Ocean as a result of the environmental awareness of the international community, the enhancement of the sense of cooperation, and the improvement of science and technology.As an important member of CCAMLR, China should play a more active and constructive role in the development of Antarctic Marine protected areas and combine the global environmental interests with its own national interests.
【学位授予单位】：武汉大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D993.5

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