股权代持的法律问题研究

发布时间：2018-05-17 03:35

本文选题：股权代持 + 实际出资人　；参考：《沈阳师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：目前股权代持已经成为了很多商业人士首选的投资形式,因此所引发的公司股权诉讼案件也在不断增多,但是从我们国家目前的法律体系上来看,对于股权代持所引发的问题并没有行之有效的法律规范亦或是统一的理论指导思想对其进行调整。虽然《公司法》(司法解释三)已经用积极的态度对股权代持作出了一些回应,但仍然不能够很好的解决司法实务中的股权代持案件。股权代持作为一个商行为,如同一个硬币具有两面,其在现实经济社会中的价值和意义是显而易见的,但股权代持行为对有限责任公司人合性特点以及外观公示效力都在一定程度上造成了冲击。因此,对股权代持所涉及的法律问题进行系统的研究,对我们国家法律的完善以及司法案件的解决都具有深厚的意义。文章第一部分,股权代持的相关问题阐述。从其基本理论、法理基础、存在意义等方面进行系统的论述,首先建立起股权代持的法律框架,这是想要深入研究任何一个法律问题的基础性工作。文章第二部分,厘清股权代持中所产生的法律关系,并重点分析股权代持行为中实际出资人与名义股东之间的关系。对于两者的关系,学术界存在信托关系说、代理关系说、隐名合伙说三种观点,在意思自治和契约自由的的框架内讨论,都会与实际情况存在矛盾,很难在实际生活中保证各方当事人的合法权益。文章第三部分,通过列举股权代持典型案例发现不同的认定标准以及案件的实际情况,都对股东资格的认定存在影响,实质说、形式说以及折中说的观点虽然各有利弊,但面对该问题,折中说的认定标准更有利于纠纷的解决。文章第四部分,简要分析法律规定后,指出之所以该问题存在法律缺失的原因,并提出通过在《公司法》中设立调整股权代持的专门法律章节,以及修正对于股东资格认定的流行观点折中说等方法,来进一步规范股权代持行为,解决股权代持所引发的诉讼争议的立法建议。
[Abstract]:At present, equity holding has become the preferred form of investment for many business people. As a result, the number of corporate equity litigation cases has been increasing, but from the point of view of the current legal system of our country, There are no effective legal norms or unified theoretical guidelines to adjust the problems caused by equity holding. Although "Company Law" (Judicial explanation 3) has made some positive responses to equity holding, it is still not able to solve the case of equity proxy in judicial practice. As a commercial firm, stock holding has two sides as a coin, and its value and significance in the real economy and society are obvious. However, the act of equity holding has a certain degree of impact on the joint character of the limited liability company and the effectiveness of public appearance. Therefore, a systematic study on the legal issues involved in equity holding is of profound significance to the perfection of our national law and the solution of judicial cases. The first part of the article, on behalf of equity ownership issues related to the elaboration. From the basic theory, the legal basis, the existence significance and so on, the legal frame of equity holding is established, which is the basic work to study any legal problem in depth. In the second part, the author clarifies the legal relationship in equity holding, and analyzes the relationship between the actual investor and the nominal shareholder. For the relationship between the two, the academic circles have trust relationship theory, agency relationship theory, anonymous partnership theory three views, in the framework of autonomy of will and freedom of contract, there will be contradictions with the actual situation. It is difficult to guarantee the legitimate rights and interests of all parties in real life. In the third part of the article, by enumerating the typical cases of equity holding, we find that the different standards and the actual situation of the case have an impact on the determination of shareholders' qualification, though the views of substance, form and compromise have their own advantages and disadvantages. However, in the face of this problem, the compromise standard is more conducive to the settlement of disputes. The fourth part of the article, after briefly analyzing the legal provisions, points out the reasons for the lack of law in this problem, and puts forward a special legal section to adjust the equity holding in the Company Law. And to amend the popular view of shareholder qualification compromise, to further standardize the act of equity holding, to resolve the litigation disputes caused by equity holding legislative proposals.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D922.291.91

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