要挟型上访与敲诈勒索罪的认定

发布时间：2018-05-19 17:43

本文选题：上访 + 入罪可能性　；参考：《烟台大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：上访是法律赋予公民的基本权利,但是随着社会转型的加快,滋生出要挟型上访现象。要挟型上访是指上访者为了解决其本不合理的利益纠纷,利用上访来要挟政府介入其纠纷,以便能够实现其不合理的要求或者利益主张。根据行为人客观上是否具有相应的权利基础,可以将要挟型上访分为具备权利基础的要挟型上访和不具备权利基础的要挟型上访。从要挟型上访的社会危害性、刑事违法性、应受刑罚处罚性方面分析,有一部分要挟型上访已经具备了入罪的可能性。对于具备权力基础但是要求不合理的要挟型上访而言,并不可以均认定为敲诈勒索罪,要具体问题具体分析,考虑多种因素,只有当其因具备权利基础而有恃无恐,以非法占有为目的不断上访,要挟政府满足其过分要求时,方可考虑适用敲诈勒索罪;对于行为人以非法占有为目的明知自己不具备权利基础的要挟型上访而言,其行为只要符合敲诈勒索罪的犯罪构成,一般是可以将其认定为敲诈勒索罪的。处理此类问题要考虑刑法的谦抑性原则和刑法的人权保障机能。在入罪方面,应统一并细化入罪的标准;在刑事立法方面,应完善敲诈勒索罪的规定、增设胁迫罪;在刑事量刑方面,要规范量刑程序。
[Abstract]:Petition is a basic right conferred by the law, but with the acceleration of social transformation, the phenomenon of threatening petition arises. In order to solve the unreasonable interest dispute, the petition means to use the petition to blackmail the government to intervene in the dispute so as to realize its unreasonable request or interest claim. According to whether the perpetrator objectively has the corresponding right basis, the blackmailing type of petition can be divided into two types: one with right basis and the other without right basis. From the aspects of social harmfulness, criminal illegality and punishment of threatening petition, some of them already have the possibility of incrimination. For a petition with a power base but unreasonable requirements, not all of them can be considered as the crime of extortion. It is necessary to analyze the specific problems and consider various factors, only if they have the right basis and have no fear. The crime of extortion may only be considered when the government is coerced into meeting its excessive requirements by constantly petitioning for the purpose of illegal possession; for a person who, for the purpose of illegal possession, knows that he or she does not have a right basis, As long as its behavior conforms to the crime of extortion, it can generally be regarded as the crime of extortion. To deal with this kind of problem, we should consider the principle of modesty of criminal law and the function of human rights protection of criminal law. In the aspect of incrimination, the standard of incrimination should be unified and refined; in the aspect of criminal legislation, the provisions of the crime of extortion should be perfected, and the crime of coercion should be added; in the aspect of criminal sentencing, the sentencing procedure should be standardized.
【学位授予单位】：烟台大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D924.3

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