商标法第十条“其他不良影响”的实务认定

发布时间：2018-06-27 19:03

本文选题：立法价值取向 + 公序良俗　；参考：《中央民族大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】："其他不良影响"条款规定于现行商标法第十条第一款第(八)项,是指有害于社会主义道德风尚或者有其他不良影响的标志不得作为商标使用。因为该项条款在实践中存在较大的适用争议,本文通过对其的多角度分析,以期形成理性的适用建议。本文共分为三章,在导论部分具体探究了该项条款的适用现状与存在问题,以此为基础,在第一章的论述中,从对该项条款的立法价值取向分析出其所遵循公序良俗原则及其具体内涵,厘清了消费者的稳定认知并不构成该条款项的直接保护与考量的公共利益,仅是在对某一标志以"不良影响"进行规制之后所带来的间接影响效果。继而通过分析其的依据与意义夯实对该项条款的立法理解。在第二章中系统的对该项条款进行了法律适用解读,分别分析"其他不良影响"的内涵与外延,明晰其辐射范围是第十条第一款的兜底,总结出此类关系的法律特点,并与实践中较易造成混淆的侵犯他人在先权益与恶意注册的行为作出区分。具体对在是否具有其他不良影响的判断视角进行罗列,不仅仅是对标志构成要素的考量,还要结合商品或服务、考量商标申请主体及其主观状态,在确定的具体公众范围内能否造成不良影响,以及该不良影响的所属种类与程度作出综合判断,从而能够对具有其他不良影响的商标进行充分说理与举证。第三章在上述论述的基础上,以经典个案为起点,对"微信案"中微信商标是否造成"其他不良影响"进行具体的分析,得出其并不具有该特性,消费者消费秩序并不是该项条款所直接保护的因素。在"乔丹案"中,厘清对于抢注他人姓名视情节进行不同否认法律适用:第三十二条"在先权利"的证明难度最小,被侵权后最易受到保护;第四十四条"大规模抢注"仅适用于恶意的抢注行为;第十条第一款第(八)项"其他不良影响"对于姓名知名度与构成不良影响的证明难度最大;而第十条第一款第(七)项"具有欺骗性"实则可以当做是对此种情形规制的兜底性规定。最后总结出在具体的适用中,要遵循审慎的原则,遵循审判一致性规定,但又要避免对案例的片面性理解,对该项条款作出准确适用。
[Abstract]:The term "other adverse effects" stipulated in Article 10 (1) (8) of the current Trademark Law refers to the use of marks that are harmful to socialist moral conduct or have other adverse effects. Because there is a great dispute on the application of this clause in practice, this paper analyzes it from various angles in order to form rational suggestions for its application. This article is divided into three chapters, in the introduction part of the specific exploration of the application of the article and the existing problems, on the basis of this, in the first chapter of the discussion, From the analysis of the legislative value orientation of this clause, the principle of public order and good custom and its specific connotation are analyzed, and the public interest that the consumer's cognition of stability does not constitute the direct protection and consideration of this clause is clarified. It is only the indirect effect after the regulation of a mark with "bad effect". Then through the analysis of its basis and significance to consolidate the legislative understanding of this clause. In the second chapter, the author systematically interprets the legal application of the article, analyzes the connotation and extension of "other adverse effects", clarifies its radiation scope is the bottom of the first paragraph of Article 10, and summarizes the legal characteristics of this kind of relationship. It distinguishes it from other people's prior rights and malicious registration, which is easy to cause confusion in practice. Specifically, to list the judgment angle of whether there are other adverse effects, not only the consideration of the constituent elements of the mark, but also the consideration of the main body of the trademark application and its subjective state combined with the goods or services. It is possible to make a comprehensive judgment on whether the adverse effect can be caused within the specific public scope, and the kind and degree of the adverse effect, so that the trademark with other adverse effects can be fully reasoned and proved. The third chapter, on the basis of the above discussion, takes the classic case as the starting point, analyzes whether the WeChat trademark causes "other adverse effects" in WeChat case, and finds out that it does not have this characteristic. Consumer consumption order is not the direct protection of this clause. In Jordan case, it is clear that the law of disregarding the names of others according to the circumstances is applicable: article 32 is the least difficult to prove the "first right", the most vulnerable to be protected after being infringed; Article 44 "large-scale preemption" is only applicable to malicious act of preemption; Article 10 (1) (8) "other adverse effects" is the most difficult to prove the visibility of names and the adverse effects; Article 10 (1) (7) "deceptive" can be regarded as the regulation of this situation. Finally, it concludes that in the concrete application, we should follow the principle of prudence and the rule of trial consistency, but we should avoid the one-sidedness understanding of the case and make an accurate application of this clause.
【学位授予单位】：中央民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D923.43

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