施工企业BIM技术应用风险研究

发布时间：2017-12-27 05:27

本文关键词：施工企业BIM技术应用风险研究　出处：《山东大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：文章首先从国内外对BIM技术的理论研究和实践入手,总结BIM的应用现状,简述BIM概念、技术特点及应用价值,并对相关的风险管理理论和层次分析法进行了阐述。其次,在施工企业应用BIM技术的基础上,从政策、经济、技术、市场和管理五个方面找出施工企业应用BIM技术可能存在的风险因素:政策风险因素包括相关的法律法规不成熟、行业标准不完善、政策缺乏稳定性和持续性和政策缺乏高效执行力;经济风险因素包括购买以及升级成本高、投资回收期长、员工培训较长时间、咨询费用较高和投资回报率不确定。技术风险因素包括技术导入性不足、技术适用性较差、技术可兼容性不足、缺乏具有BIM技术专业人员、缺乏信息交互平台和对软件进行深入开发的能力不足;市场风险因素包括施工企业缺乏积极性、缺乏规模效应、市场认可度不高和企业变革驱动力不足;管理风险因素包括与传统业务流程的整合难度大、缺乏项目实践经验、企业间缺乏高效的沟通协调、技术管理难度加大和管理模式的改变。根据存在的各种风险因素得到了施工企业BIM技术应用的风险清单,并形成风险指标体系。再次,通过问卷调查得到风险指标风险度值,利用层次分析法确定风险权重,并得到各指标综合权重。在24个二级风险因素中,行业标准不完善和相关的法律法规不成熟在政策风险中占的权重较大,投资回收期长在经济风险中占的权重比较大,技术适用性较差、对软件进行深入开发的能力不足和缺乏信息交互平台在技术风险中占的权重较大,管理模式的改变、与传统业务流程的整合难度大在管理风险中占的权重较大。最后,构建了风险控制体系。根据风险管理理论分析了施工企业应用BIM技术的风险评估结果,结果表明:对软件进行深入开发的能力不足、行业标准不完善、投资回收期长、缺乏信息交互平台、相关的法律法规不成熟、技术适用性较差、与传统业务流程的整合难度大和管理模式的改变为施工企业应用BIM技术的关键风险因素。针对各关键风险因素提出了相应的风险应对措施:创新管理模式、优化BIM软件提高适用性、完善BIM规则以及建立为施工企业服务的BIM应用的平台。
[Abstract]:Starting from the theoretical research and practice of BIM technology at home and abroad, this paper summarizes the application status of BIM, briefly describes the concept, characteristics and application value of BIM, and expounds the related risk management theory and AHP. Secondly, based on the application of BIM technology in construction enterprises, to identify risk factors for the application of BIM technology in construction enterprises may exist from the five aspects of policy, economy, technology, market and management: policy risk factors include the relevant laws and regulations are not mature, industry standard is not perfect, the lack of policy stability and continuity and lack of efficient implementation of policies force; economic risk factors include the purchase and upgrading of high cost and long payback period of investment, staff training, consulting a long time high cost and return on investment uncertainty. Technical risk factors include lack of technology, technology import, poor applicability of technology and the lack of compatibility with BIM technology professionals, the lack of information interaction platform and the software development ability insufficiency; market risk factors including construction enterprises lack of enthusiasm, lack of scale effect, market acceptance is not high and the driving force of enterprise reform insufficient management; risk factors include traditional business process integration is difficult, lack of project experience between the enterprise, the lack of efficient communication and coordination, technology management difficulty, change management mode. According to the various risk factors, the risk list of the application of BIM technology in the construction enterprise is obtained, and the risk index system is formed. Thirdly, the risk index of risk index is obtained by questionnaire, and the risk weight is determined by the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), and the comprehensive weight of each index is obtained. In 24 grade two risk factors, the industry standard is not perfect and relevant laws and regulations are not mature in the policy risk in a larger share of the weight, the weight of the long payback period of investment in economic risk accounted for relatively large, the software is poor, the lack of technology for further development and the lack of information interaction platform in the technical risk in a larger share of the weight, the change of management model, and the traditional business process integration is difficult in the management of risk in a larger share of the weight. Finally, the risk control system is built. According to the theory of risk management analysis of the risk assessment results, the application of BIM technology in construction enterprises. The results showed that the key risk factors of software ability insufficiency, in-depth development of industry standard is not perfect, the payback period is long, the lack of relevant laws and regulations of the information exchange platform, the technology is mature, poor applicability, and the traditional business process integration the difficulty and the changes of management mode for the application of BIM technology in construction enterprises. According to the key risk factors, the corresponding risk response measures are put forward: innovative management mode, optimization of BIM software, improvement of applicability, improvement of BIM rules and establishment of BIM application platform for construction enterprises.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F426.92;TU17

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