SD-WSN架构下路由协议切换机制的研究

发布时间：2017-12-28 08:45

本文关键词：SD-WSN架构下路由协议切换机制的研究　出处：《内蒙古大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

更多相关文章： SD-WSN SDN-WISE 路由协议切换 仿真

【摘要】：无线传感网(Wireless Sensor Network,简称WSN)中,受限于体积与成本,传感器节点的计算能力、存储容量、能量等诸多硬件资源相对匮乏,通常只搭载一种复杂度较低的路由协议以支持数据通信。路由协议的选择通常取决于WSN的应用场景与网络需求,一方面,在已提出的众多路由协议研究中,至今没有一种通用普适的路由协议,可以从能耗性、健壮性、实时性等多方面满足不同的应用需求;另一方面,已固化在节点内部的路由协议很难进行改动或再次部署。所以,当某个WSN的应用需求发生改变时,WSN内部的路由协议也不再适用。为了解决这个问题,可编程WSN被提出。虽然该研究为WSN节点提供了可编程的能力和二次开发的机会,但要实现这样的编程要求开发人员深入了解节点底层实现细节,所以实现效率不高。随着软件定义网络(Software-Defined Network,简称SDN)设计思想的成熟,开始有研究将SDN思想扩展到WSN并提出软件定义无线传感网(Software-definedWSN,简称SD-WSN)架构。这个新架构继承了 SDN的核心设计理念,将控制逻辑从传感器节点中抽离并集中到控制节点,通过控制节点用户能够获得完整的网络视图并实现对网络配置参数的宏观调控。SD-WSN架构的研究为WSN中路由协议无法随应用需求改变而切换的问题提出了新的解决思路,即通过控制器选择并切换底层设备的路由协议。基于SD-WSN架构给出的理论和技术可行性,本文研究了该架构下的路由协议切换机制。经过调研分析,在多种SD-WSN方案中,本文选择了开源的SDN-WISE方案为设计基础。由于原方案并不支持路由协议切换,所以本文对原方案分别从数据层、控制层以及应用层进行扩展,改进后的新方案支持在系统运行时通过位于控制层的控制器完成路由协议的动态切换。本文在Instant-Contiki操作系统上基于Cooja仿真平台实现了传感器节点与汇聚节点的仿真并组建了仿真WSN环境,然后利用SDN-WISE控制器实现对仿真网络路由协议的控制和切换,最后从时延和能耗等角度对实现该路由切换机制付出的代价进行评估。实验结果证明,本文设计的路由切换机制能以较小和可控的代价实现对网络路由协议的运行时切换。
[Abstract]:In the Wireless Sensor Network (WSN), due to the volume and cost, the computing power, storage capacity and energy of the sensor nodes are relatively scarce, usually only carrying a low complexity routing protocol to support data communication. On the one hand, application scenarios and the requirement of network routing protocol selection usually depends on the WSN, in the study of many routing protocols have been proposed, there is not a universal routing protocol universal, can meet different application requirements from the aspects of energy consumption, robustness and real-time; on the other hand, has curing routing protocol inside the node is difficult to change or deploy again. So, when the application requirements of a WSN change, the routing protocols within WSN are no longer applicable. In order to solve this problem, programmable WSN is proposed. Although this research provides programmability and two development opportunities for WSN nodes, to achieve such programming requires developers to understand the details of the underlying implementation of nodes, so the implementation efficiency is not high. With the maturity of the design concept of Software-Defined Network (SDN), SDN has been extended to WSN and put forward the software defined Software-definedWSN (SD-WSN) architecture. The new architecture inherits the core design concept of SDN. It controls the logic from the sensor nodes and concentrates on the control nodes. By controlling the nodes, users can get the complete network view and achieve macro control of the network configuration parameters. The research of SD-WSN architecture provides a new solution for the problem that WSN can't switch between protocol and application needs. That is to choose and switch the routing protocol of the underlying devices through the controller. Based on the theoretical and technical feasibility given by the SD-WSN architecture, this paper studies the routing protocol switching mechanism under the framework. Through investigation and analysis, in a variety of SD-WSN schemes, this paper selects the open source SDN-WISE scheme as the basis for design. Because the original scheme does not support routing protocol handover, this paper extends the original scheme from data layer, control layer and application layer. The improved scheme supports the dynamic switch of routing protocol when the system is running through the controller at the control level. In this paper, the Cooja simulation platform to realize the simulation of sensor node and sink node and set up a simulation environment based on WSN in Instant-Contiki operating system, and then use the SDN-WISE controller to realize the control of routing and switching network protocol simulation, finally evaluated from the delay and energy consumption. To realize the routing switching mechanism cost. The experimental results show that the routing handover mechanism designed in this paper can switch the runtime of network routing protocol at a small and controllable cost.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TP212.9;TN929.5

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