基于普通摄像头的非接触式生理参数检测技术研究

发布时间：2018-01-01 07:21

本文关键词：基于普通摄像头的非接触式生理参数检测技术研究　出处：《山东大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着经济的发展和城镇化的推进,国民生活工作方式发生了较大的改变,再加上人口年龄结构老龄化的趋势,心血管疾病的发病率显著上升。心率、血氧饱和度等作为与心血管疾病密切相关的生理参数,在临床诊断以及日常检测中起着重要作用。但现在普遍应用的生理参数检测手段,测量时均需要与被测者皮肤直接接触,不适用于烧伤烫伤病人或者新生儿;一些设备操作复杂,不适用于日常快捷检测。成像式光电容积描记(Imaging Photoplethysmography,IPPG)技术是近几年发展起来的一种非接触式生理参数检测技术。IPPG技术具有非接触、易操作、硬件要求低等优势,受到了医学及仪器测量领域研究人员的广泛关注。如何使设备更简易,以及如何得到更准确更全面的生理参数,是目前的主要研究方向。本论文简要介绍了现有的主要生理参数的检测方法,讨论了接触式检测的不足之处,分析了人体组织的光学特性和IPPG技术的测量原理,综述了目前利用IPPG技术测量生理参数的方法,并对测得的血液容积脉搏波信号特点进行了阐述。然后,论文以IPPG技术为基础,结合欧拉放大技术和小波变换等信号处理技术,使用普通摄像头和笔记本电脑,在不附加光源的自然光条件下实现了心率和血氧饱和度的非接触式测量。论文的主要工作包括以下两部分:1、设计并实现了基于普通摄像头的心率检测方案,并将欧拉放大和小波变换应用到了信号处理过程中。该部分论证了使用普通工业CCD彩色相机和镜头实现心率测量的可行性,比较了不同感兴趣区域提取到的信号质量差别并确定额头部位的矩形区域作为感兴趣区域,使用欧拉放大技术对面部的微弱亮度变化加以放大,并利用小波变换去除噪声,最终得到血液容积脉搏波波形,转换至频域得到心率值。经实验验证,本论文设计的心率检测方案测量结果准确度较高,能够满足日常心率检测的需求。2、设计并实现了基于加有滤光片的双摄像头的血氧饱和度检测方案,在自然光条件下即可进行非接触式测量,不用附加特定波长的光源。论文分析了双波长法检测血氧饱和度的原理,论证选取了合适波长的滤光片,使用分别加有660nm和525nm窄带滤光片的双摄像头采集被测者视频,通过欧拉放大、小波变换等过程从视频中提取不同波长光下的血液容积脉搏波交流分量,求得不同波长下脉搏波峰谷值均值,计算得到血氧饱和度。实验结果与参考值相比存在系统误差,论文论证了系统误差产生的原因,并将结果进行了粗略的修正,修正后的结果与对比值基本一致。但精确的修正结果需要重新确定经验参数才能计算得到,目前在实验室环境下没有条件进行尝试。
[Abstract]:With the development of economy and urbanization, change the national way of life and work, coupled with the aging population structure, the incidence of cardiovascular disease increased significantly. The heart rate, blood oxygen saturation is closely related to cardiovascular disease physiological parameters, plays an important role in clinical diagnosis and daily detection of physiological parameters. But now commonly used detection methods, measurements were measured by the need for direct contact with the skin, not suitable for burn patients or newborn; some of the equipment operation is complex, not suitable for daily fast detection. Imaging photoelectric plethysmography (Imaging Photoplethysmography IPPG) technology is a non-contact physiological parameters in recent years development of the detection technology.IPPG technology has the advantages of non-contact, easy operation, low hardware requirements, from the medical instrument and measurement field research Wide attention of researchers. How to make the equipment more simple, and how to get more accurate and more comprehensive physiological parameters, is the main research directions. This paper briefly introduces the testing method of the main physiological parameters of the existing, discusses the shortcomings of contact detection and measurement principle of the optical properties of human tissue and IPPG technology the reviews by measuring physiological technical parameters of the IPPG method, and the blood volume pulse wave signal characteristics measured are expounded. Then, based on the IPPG technology, combined with the Euler amplification technique and wavelet transform signal processing technology, the use of ordinary camera and notebook computer, in natural light conditions without additional the light source realizes the non-contact measurement of heart rate and blood oxygen saturation. The main work of this paper includes the following two parts: 1, designed and implemented based on the ordinary camera heart The rate of detection scheme, and the Euler enlargement and wavelet transform is applied to the signal processing. This part demonstrates the use of the ordinary industrial CCD camera and lens color feasibility of heart rate measurement, compares the signal quality difference extraction in different regions of interest and to determine the rectangular area of the forehead as a region of interest, weak brightness the use of Euler amplification facial to amplify and remove noise by wavelet transform, finally get the blood volume pulse wave, converted to the frequency domain to get the heart rate. By experimental verification, this paper set up the heart rate detection scheme accurate measurement results, to meet the daily needs of the heart rate detection of.2, the design and implementation of oxygen saturation detection scheme of dual camera with filters based on non-contact measurement can be carried out in natural light conditions, without additional specific wavelength The paper analyzes the principle of the detection light source. Dual wavelength method of oxygen saturation, the proof of selecting appropriate wavelength filters used respectively with dual camera 660nm and 525nm filters were measured by video, Euler amplification, wavelet transform, lifting the blood volume pulse wave AC component from different wavelengths of light from the video in the different wavelength pulse wave trough mean oxygen saturation is calculated. The experimental results compared with the reference values of the system error, the paper demonstrates the causes of system errors, and the result is a rough correction, the correction results and contrast values. But the accurate correction results need to determine the experience in order to calculate the parameters in the laboratory environment, at present no conditions to try.

【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R318.6;TP391.41

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