UWB无线信道模型及其定位技术探究

发布时间：2018-01-10 19:30

本文关键词：UWB无线信道模型及其定位技术探究　出处：《海南大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

更多相关文章： UWB 信道模型 RAKE接收机 定位算法

【摘要】：随着人工智能时代的来临,机器人对自主导航与定位技术有着迫切的需求,行业对人员、车辆等进行室内定位的场景在不断增多,人们对室内定位的精度要求也在持续增强。国内外的学术界和工程界,针对不同的产品定位,开发了基于蓝牙、无线WIFI、GPS、超宽带等多项定位技术,这些技术在适用范围、定位精度等方面有较大的差别。其中,在室内定位领域,超宽带(Ultra Wideband,UWB)技术不仅可以达到较高的定位精度,而且实时性良好。凭借诸多优点,超宽带技术在室内定位领域独树一帜。在本论文中,主要在超宽带技术领域的信道模型,接收机以及定位算法等方面,开展了一些基础性的研究工作,这些将为进一步开发精确度高,实时性好,可跨区的室内定位系统提供一定的理论基础。本文的主要研究内容如下:(1)首先分别研究几种常见的室内信道模型,包括泊松模型,修正的泊松模型;同时对IEEE 802.15.3a推荐的四种超宽带信道模型的传播特性进行MATLAB仿真分析,分析信道模型的连续信道冲激响应,离散信道冲激响应,冲激响应的功率延迟分布;比较其多径传输的能量高低,在此基础上对结果进行统计分析,了解其优缺点。对IEEE 802.15.4a的多种信道模型进行MATLAB仿真分析,通过各项参数指标分析与实际信道环境拟合的程度,在理论上可以选择适应性更强的信道模型。针对IEEE 802.15.3a和IEEE 802.15.4a作比较,分析IEEE 802.15.4a模型对后续开发的现实意义。(2)在超宽带系统的接收机部分采用RAKE技术接收多径能量,分析几种常见RAKE方案,在IEEE 802.15.3a信道的4种环境情形下,通过MATLAB对SRAKE,PRAKE,ARAKE的误码率/信噪比曲线进行仿真分析,得出最佳接收机方案。(3)分别介绍传统的定位算法例如AOA,TOA,TDOA等技术,对到达时间TOA和到达时间差TDOA算法分别提出一种联合改进算法,从而达到减小定位误差、平滑定位轨迹的目的;通过MATLAB仿真分析具体的数值型指标,并与标准算法比较其定位精度,验证改进算法的可行性。
[Abstract]:With the advent of artificial intelligence era, robots have an urgent need for autonomous navigation and positioning technology. The precision requirement of indoor positioning is also increasing. The domestic and foreign academic and engineering circles have developed wireless WiFi GPS based on Bluetooth for different product positioning. Ultra-wideband (UWB) and other positioning technologies have great differences in application range and positioning accuracy. Among them, UWB Ultra Wideband is used in indoor positioning field. UWB) technology can not only achieve high positioning accuracy, but also good real-time. With many advantages, UWB technology is unique in the field of indoor positioning. In this paper. In the field of UWB channel model, receiver and positioning algorithm, some basic research work has been carried out, which will further development of high accuracy and real-time. The main contents of this paper are as follows: 1) firstly, several common indoor channel models, including Poisson model and modified Poisson model, are studied respectively. At the same time, the propagation characteristics of four UWB channel models recommended by IEEE 802.15.3a are analyzed by MATLAB simulation, and the continuous channel impulse response of the channel model is analyzed. Discrete channel impulse response, the power delay distribution of impulse response; On the basis of comparing the energy level of multipath transmission, the results are statistically analyzed, and their advantages and disadvantages are analyzed. The MATLAB simulation of various channel models of IEEE 802.15.4a is carried out. The degree of fitting between each parameter index and the actual channel environment is analyzed. In theory, a more adaptive channel model can be chosen. The comparison between IEEE 802.15.3a and IEEE 802.15.4a is made. The practical significance of IEEE 802.15.4a model for further development is analyzed. (2) in the receiver part of UWB system, RAKE technology is used to receive multipath energy. In this paper, several common RAKE schemes are analyzed. Under the four environments of IEEE 802.15.3a channel, the MATLAB pair of SRAKE / PRAKE is used. The BER / SNR curves of ARAKE are simulated and analyzed, and the optimal receiver scheme. 3) introduces the traditional localization algorithms such as OAA TOAA and TDOA respectively. For the time of arrival (TOA) and the time of arrival (TDOA) algorithm, a joint improved algorithm is proposed to reduce the location error and smooth the location track. The numerical index is analyzed by MATLAB simulation, and compared with the standard algorithm, the feasibility of the improved algorithm is verified.
【学位授予单位】：海南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TN925

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