24GHz调频连续波雷达前端的研究和设计

发布时间：2018-03-02 07:18

本文关键词： 毫米波雷达盲点监测调频连续波锁相环　出处：《安徽大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近些年来,随着科学技术的高速发展,雷达系统广泛深入的渗透到军用和民用系统的各个方面。其中毫米波雷达具有在短距离范围内的全天候与环境的适应性,以及体积小、重量轻的优点,近年来也克服许多毫米波器件生产精密加工等困难的问题,使有关毫米波技术及其应用的研究出现新的热潮。毫米波雷达常应用于低角跟踪、测高、精密制导、测绘、成像、防撞等领域。得益于军事应用推动技术的发展,民用毫米波雷达也发展迅速,在需求量上已超过了军用毫米波雷达,其中主要应用在是测距测速和防撞预警雷达。毫米波雷达产生的波形有连续波、宽带线性调频波、脉冲步进频率波、相参脉冲串波等多种波形。其中相对于其他波形的毫米波雷达,毫米波调频连续波(frequency modulation continuous wave,FMCW)雷达的连续波体制消除了距离盲区;毫米波的FMCW雷达具有较宽的调频带宽,可以获得更高的距离分辨率和测量精度。相比于脉冲体制毫米波雷达,FMCW雷达对发射的峰值功率要求较低,而且结构简单。目前FMCW雷达已经被广泛应用在测距测速、无人机导航、盲点监测等领域。雷达的前端是整个毫米波系统的关键部分。本文围绕调频连续波雷达前端的研究展开,提出了一种采用集成芯片来搭建的24GHz调频连续波雷达前端系统的方案。首先简要阐述调频连续波雷达的基本理论,以及雷达前端的性能指标。在分析调频连续波雷达前端的基本结构的基础上,引入了调频连续波雷达前端结构的关键组件即24GHz的频率源。然后就频率合成技术进行研究,包括频率合成技术的四种方法和衡量频率合成器性能优劣的技术指标。对所采用的频率合成的方法的基本原理和结构等分析研究,并设计出所需的锁相环电路。最后对调频连续波雷达前端搭建所采用的MMIC芯片做简要介绍。设计合适的雷达前端,并对雷达前端系统进行测试和分析。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid development of science and technology, radar systems have been widely and deeply penetrated into all aspects of military and civil systems. Among them, millimeter-wave radar has the adaptability of all-weather and environment in a short range, and its small size. In recent years, the advantages of light weight have also overcome many difficulties in the production of millimeter-wave devices, such as precision machining, which has made the research on millimeter-wave technology and its applications a new upsurge. Millimeter-wave radar is often used in low-angle tracking, height measurement, precision guidance, etc. Mapping, imaging, collision prevention and other fields. Thanks to the development of military application technology, civilian millimeter-wave radar has also developed rapidly, and the demand has exceeded that of military millimeter-wave radar. The main applications are ranging, velocimetry and anti-collision early warning radar. Millimeter-wave radar produces continuous wave, wideband linear frequency modulation wave, pulse step frequency wave, Compared with other millimeter-wave radar, the continuous wave system of millimeter-wave frequency modulation continuous wave (MMW) radar eliminates the range blind area, and the millimeter-wave FMCW radar has a wide frequency modulation bandwidth. Higher range resolution and measurement accuracy can be obtained. Compared with the pulse system millimeter wave radar FMCW radar has lower peak power requirements and simpler structure. At present, FMCW radar has been widely used in ranging and velocimetry, UAV navigation, The front end of radar is the key part of the whole millimeter wave system. In this paper, a scheme of 24GHz FM CW radar front-end system based on integrated chip is proposed. Firstly, the basic theory of FM CWR radar is briefly described. Based on the analysis of the basic structure of the front end of FM CW radar, a 24GHz frequency source is introduced, which is the key component of the front-end structure of FCW radar. Then the frequency synthesis technology is studied. It includes four methods of frequency synthesizer and technical indexes to measure the performance of frequency synthesizer. The basic principle and structure of the frequency synthesizer are analyzed and studied. Finally, the MMIC chip used in the front end of FM CW radar is introduced briefly. The suitable radar front-end is designed, and the radar front-end system is tested and analyzed.
【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TN957

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