电流模式射频接收机前端电路的设计与研究

发布时间：2018-04-15 23:09

本文选题：电流模式电路 + 射频接收机前端电路　；参考：《广西师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：现如今,无线通信领域飞速发展,与日常生活的关系日趋密切,各种无线通信协议的射频前端电路互不兼容,这给人们的便携化带来了不便。因此设计能够兼容多种无线通信协议的多模多频射频接收机前端就成为了研究的重点问题,而电流模式电路因其更高的工作速度、工作频率,更低的工作电压和功耗以及更简便的电路结构成为研究的热点。本文旨在对电流模式射频接收机前端电路进行深入研究与设计。本文主要工作包含:1.在研究了传统低噪声放大器(LNA)的基本设计方法基础上,本文研究了一种应用于电流模式射频接收机的宽带低噪声跨导放大器(LNTA),该LNTA由宽带有源巴伦输入级和电流镜放大级两部分组成,将接收到的单端射频电压信号转化为电流信号并放大,最后电流差分输出,可以直接驱动下一级的电流模式无源混频器。该低噪声跨导放大器在0.8-7.5GHz工作频带内有较高而且稳定的S21,为16.5-18.1dB,S11均小于-9dB,S12小于-43dB,噪声系数均小于4dB,最小噪声系数为3.5dB,满足应用于本文电流模式射频接收机的设计要求。2.研究了一种可变增益电流模式宽带射频接收机前端电路,采用了零中频接收机结构,涵盖了 4-7.5 GHz的工作频带,可以支持WLAN 802.11a等通信协议,该射频接收机前端电路是由低噪声跨导放大级(LNTA)、I/Q正交两路电流模式无源混频开关级(Mixer)、可变跨阻增益的跨阻放大级(TIA)三部分组成。其中,低噪声跨导放大级采用1中研究的LNTA结构;混频开关级采用25%占空比的本振(LO)信号驱动,防止I,Q串扰,同时电流模式无源混频开关对中没有直流偏置电流通过,减小了闪烁噪声;跨阻放大级采用两级运放加可变电阻电容反馈的结构,通过调节可变电阻可以得到不同的增益,与此同时调节反馈电容可以稳定电路的线性度。对该电路进行了理论分析和软件仿真,结果显示所研究的射频接收机前端电路在4-7.5GHz的工作频带内可以实现增益可调,同时线性度和噪声系数也满足设计要求。3.研究了一种以跨导增强共栅结构TIA为负载的电流模式直接下变频接收机前端电路,涵盖了0.8-5 GHz的工作频带,可以支持GSM,TD-SCDMA,RFID等通信协议,该RF接收机前端电路是由LNTA、I/Q正交两路电流模式无源混频开关级、跨导增强共栅结构跨阻放大级(TIA)三部分组成。其中,跨阻放大级采用共栅结构将输入的中频电流转化为中频电压并放大输出,通过加入增益自举技术使得TIA的输入MOS管等效跨导增强,从而输入阻抗减小,提高了电流利用效率以及端口隔离度,同时跨导增强还使得TIA的跨阻增大,提高了电路的增益。克服了带有电阻电容负反馈的运算跨导放大器中功耗、增益和带宽之间的制约,以及噪声和射频信号通过反馈电容馈通至输出端等缺陷。对该电路进行了分析和仿真,结果显示所研究的射频接收机前端电路在0.8-5GHz的工作频带内可以实现较高增益并且在宽频带内波动很小,同时具有较好的线性度和噪声性能,较好的隔离度,电路结构简单,满足设计要求。4.针对在2.3GHz-2.4835GHz这个范围频段上诸多的无线射频应用如:Wi-Fi协议-IEEE 802.11b/g;蓝牙 Bluetooth-IEEE 802.15.1;Zigbee-IEEE 802.15.4;Wireless USB 等。本文研究了一种工作在2.4GHz频段范围内的射频接收机前端电路。利用模块融合技术将2.4GHz无源混频器中的跨导级与低噪声放大器合二为一,形成了 2.4GHz电流模式射频接收机前端,降低了整个接收机前端的偏置电流。第一级为全差分低噪声跨导放大级,采用源简并电感共源电路结构,具有较好的输入匹配特性,将射频电压转化为射频电流并放大;第二级为25%占空比本振驱动的电流模式无源混频开关级,实现混频并滤波;第三级为跨阻放大级,采用了跨导增强技术使得输入阻抗降低,同时采用PMOS管分流技术减小负载电阻占用的电压裕度,稳定输出静态工作点,提高线性度。5.对所研究的可变增益宽带电流模式直接下变频接收机前端以及以跨导增强共栅结构TIA为负载的电流模式直接下变频接收机前端进行了版图设计和验证。因为两个电路的低噪声跨导放大级和开关混频级采用相同的结构,因此在版图设计时可以共用,节省了版图面积,降低了功耗。
[Abstract]:Nowadays, the rapid development of wireless communication field, the increasingly close relations with the daily life, the RF front-end circuit of various wireless communication protocols are not compatible, which brings inconvenience to people. So the design of portable wireless communication protocol compatible with a variety of multi-mode multi frequency RF receiver front-end has become the focus of the study, and the current the circuit model because of its higher working speed, working frequency, lower working voltage and the power circuit structure is simple and has become a hot research topic. This paper aims to study and design of RF receiver front-end circuit of current mode. The main work of this paper includes: 1. in the study of the traditional low noise amplifier (LNA) based on the basic the design method of wideband low noise transconductance amplifier, this paper presents a current mode used in RF receiver (LNTA), the LNTA is composed of broadband active balun. The current mirror amplifier is composed of two parts, the single ended RF voltage received signal into a current signal and current differential output amplifier, finally, can directly drive the current mode passive mixer to the next level. The low noise transconductance amplifier in 0.8-7.5GHz band high and stable S21, 16.5-18.1dB S11 and S12 are less than -9dB, less than -43dB, the noise coefficient is less than 4dB, the minimum noise coefficient is 3.5dB, meet.2. on a broadband RF variable gain current mode receiver front-end circuit design requirements by using the current mode of RF receiver, using the zero IF receiver, covering the 4-7.5 GHz band, can support WLAN 802.11a communication protocol, the RF receiver front-end circuit is composed of a low noise transconductance amplifier (LNTA), I/Q quadrature current mode passive mixer switch level (Mixer), Transimpedance amplifier with variable transimpedance gain (TIA) is composed of three parts. Among them, the low noise transconductance amplifier is employed to study the structure of LNTA 1; mixing switch level with 25% duty cycle oscillator (LO) signal driving, prevent I, Q crosstalk, and the current mode passive mixing switch to no DC the bias current, reduces the flicker noise; transimpedance amplifier stage with two stage amplifier plus variable resistor capacitor feedback, get a different gain by adjusting the variable resistor can be adjusted at the same time, the feedback capacitor can stabilize the linearity of the circuit. The circuit is analyzed and simulation results show that the RF front-end receiver circuit the study can realize adjustable gain in 4-7.5GHz frequency range, and linearity and noise coefficient can meet the design requirements of.3. in a study of transconductance enhancing common gate structure TIA current mode load. A direct conversion receiver front-end circuit, covering the 0.8-5 GHz band, can support GSM, TD-SCDMA, RFID communication protocol, the RF receiver front-end circuit is composed of LNTA, I/Q quadrature current mode passive mixer switch level, enhanced transconductance cascade structure transimpedance amplifier stage (TIA) is composed of three parts. Among them, the cross resistance amplification using common gate structure if current input into intermediate frequency voltage and output, enhanced by the addition of bootstrapping technique makes the input MOS TIA equivalent transconductance, thereby reducing the input impedance, improve the current efficiency and the port isolation, but also makes the transimpedance transconductance enhancement increase TIA, improve the gain of the circuit. To overcome the power operational transconductance amplifier with resistor capacitor feedback in control between the gain and bandwidth, and noise and radio frequency signal through the feedback capacitor feedthrough to the output terminal etc. Defects. The circuit was simulated and analyzed. The results show that the RF front-end circuit can achieve high gain and wide band is very small fluctuation in 0.8-5GHz frequency range, and has good linearity and noise performance, good isolation, simple circuit structure, meet the design requirements for wireless.4. the application of radio frequency in the 2.3GHz-2.4835GHz frequency range of -IEEE 802.11b/g such as Wi-Fi protocol; Bluetooth Bluetooth-IEEE 802.15.1; Zigbee-IEEE 802.15.4; Wireless USB. This paper studies the RF receiver front-end circuit for working in the 2.4GHz frequency range. The module of the transconductance stage and fusion technology will be made one 2.4GHz low noise amplifier passive mixer, form the current mode 2.4GHz RF front-end receiver, reduces the bias current of the front-end. The first level is A fully differential low noise transconductance amplifier, the source degeneration inductor source circuit structure, has good input matching characteristics, RF voltage into RF current and amplification; grade second accounted for 25% of the current mode passive mixer switch level air Lo drive, realize mixing and filtering; the third level for the transimpedance the amplifier stage, the transconductance enhancement technology so that the input impedance is reduced, at the same time using PMOS tube shunt technique to reduce the load resistance occupied by the voltage margin, stable quiescent output, improve the linearity of frequency.5. receiver front-end wideband variable gain current mode of direct and transconductance enhancing common gate structure TIA current mode the load of the direct conversion receiver front-end for layout design and verification. Because of the low noise transconductance amplifier and two circuit switching mixer stage adopts the same structure, so in the layout design It can be shared, save the area of the layout and reduce the power consumption.

【学位授予单位】：广西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TN851

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