基于多物理场电化学振动传感器的仿真

发布时间：2018-08-13 15:29

【摘要】：电化学振动传感器在地球物理测量领域中有着较为广泛的应用前景,因其具有低频性好、灵敏度高、体积小等优点,能够对地震、海啸等自然灾害进行及时有效的检测及预报,还能够对国家的石油、天然气等资源进行勘察探索。尽管在市面上已经有大量的电化学振动传感器,在新的应用领域中选择和设计合适的传感器仍是一个艰巨的任务。针对多物理场电化学振动传感器的仿真展开研究,本文主要进行了以下几方面研究:首先阐述其主要组成部分及其工作原理,在此基础上建立基于多物理场电化学振动传感器的数学模型,推导电化学振动传感器传递函数,并确定了影响传感器性能的各项参数。其次,通过COMSOL Multiphysics有限元分析软件建立电化学振动传感器的多物理场理论模型,并利用软件中的电化学模块、流体动力学模块和热力学模块进行耦合研究传感器中电极与绝缘层孔数、电极与绝缘层厚度、电极排列方式等因素对电极电流的影响。再次,研究传感器静止和运动状态下,在温度、结构参数、振动强度的影响下两种电极的电流输出情况。对影响热噪声、自然对流噪声等因素进行了多方面分析从而优化传感器敏感元件的电极结构。还通过改变流道出入口结构参数,对流道进行优化。总结并提出理想的电极与流道的结构。最后,在吉林大学仪器与电气工程学院的振动测量实验室超低频振动基准装置上进行了频响与动态范围校准,采用正交零差激光干涉测振仪,对被测检波器作垂直向的标定,测试出传感器的灵敏度,并与仿真结果进行对比,分析误差产生的原因。
[Abstract]:Electrochemical vibration sensor is widely used in the field of geophysical measurement, because of its advantages of good low frequency, high sensitivity and small volume, it can detect and predict natural disasters such as earthquake and tsunami in a timely and effective manner. Also able to explore the country's oil, natural gas and other resources. Although there are a large number of electrochemical vibration sensors in the market, it is still a difficult task to select and design suitable sensors in new applications. In this paper, the simulation of the multi-physical field electrochemical vibration sensor is studied in the following aspects: firstly, the main components and working principle of the sensor are described. On this basis, the mathematical model of the electrochemical vibration sensor based on multi-physical field is established, the transfer function of the electrochemical vibration sensor is derived, and the parameters that affect the performance of the sensor are determined. Secondly, the multi-physical field theory model of electrochemical vibration sensor is established by COMSOL Multiphysics finite element analysis software, and the electrochemical module in the software is used. The influence of the number of holes in the electrode and the insulating layer, the thickness of the electrode and the insulating layer, and the electrode arrangement on the electrode current were studied by coupling the hydrodynamic module and the thermodynamics module. Thirdly, the current output of the two kinds of electrodes under the influence of temperature, structural parameters and vibration intensity in the static and moving state of the sensor is studied. Various factors affecting thermal noise and natural convection noise are analyzed in order to optimize the electrode structure of sensor. The flow channel is optimized by changing the inlet and outlet structure parameters. The ideal structure of electrode and channel is summarized and put forward. Finally, the calibration of frequency response and dynamic range is carried out in the vibration measurement laboratory of Jilin University School of instrument and Electrical Engineering. The vertical calibration of the geophone is carried out by using the orthogonal homodyne laser interferometer. The sensitivity of the sensor is tested and compared with the simulation results to analyze the cause of the error.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TP212

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