民航机坪设备工况监控网络路由优化算法研究

发布时间：2018-08-20 09:47

【摘要】：在民航领域,物联网常被应用于机场设备作业的监测和控制中,以提高设备运行的稳定性、航班的准点率以及机场的运营效率。机场设备所处环境广阔复杂,飞机航班由于天气或人为等因素有着很强的随机性和突发性,因此在对设备工况数据进行采集和传输的时候面临着很大的挑战。在无线传感器节点储能、网络负载有限的条件下,文章针对机场设备监控无线网络路由层,如何选择合理的路由方式,有效且准确地将数据传输至上位机进行研究。首先提出基于物联网的机坪设备工况监控网络架构;其次对LEACH协议进行优化,通过选择合理的簇头节点转发簇内节点数据,采用基于分簇的数据融合方法,减少WSN中过多的冗余数据。MATLAB仿真说明优化后算法能更好地提高各节点的数据通信量,进而延长各节点的存活时间,保证机坪设备工况监控系统的可靠性。针对民航机坪设备监控网络中存在过量数据分组,造成数据拥塞和网络时延等问题,提出基于机会转发的CRAMP路由算法。紧密结合机坪实际生产情况和场景建立数据优先级体系模型,在消息副本的数量控制、传送、缓存与释放等过程中都考虑进数据优先级等元素。结合车载节点的移动路线和方向模型,选择合适的下一跳节点。ONE验证表明,优化后的算法能有效减缓消息副本数量过多造成的数据冗余,降低通信时延和网络路由开销。文章通过优化网络路由算法,提升机场地面设备监控网络的节点能效和网络性能,使机坪设备工况数据及时准确地传输至上位机,为整个工况监控系统提供可靠的通信保障,具有一定的实用性与参考价值。
[Abstract]:In the field of civil aviation, the Internet of things is often used in the monitoring and control of airport equipment operations, in order to improve the stability of equipment operation, flight punctuality and airport operation efficiency. The airport equipment is located in a wide and complex environment. Because of the strong randomness and sudden occurrence of the aircraft flight due to weather or human factors, it is faced with great challenges when collecting and transmitting the data of the equipment operating conditions. Under the condition of wireless sensor node energy storage and limited network load, this paper studies how to select a reasonable routing method for airport equipment monitoring wireless network routing layer and transfer data to the host computer effectively and accurately. First of all, this paper puts forward the network architecture of platform equipment condition monitoring based on Internet of things. Secondly, the LEACH protocol is optimized, and the data fusion method based on clustering is adopted by selecting reasonable cluster head node to forward the data of intra-cluster node. The simulation shows that the optimized algorithm can improve the data traffic of each node, prolong the survival time of each node, and ensure the reliability of the monitoring system of platform equipment. A CRAMP routing algorithm based on opportunistic forwarding is proposed to solve the problems of excessive data packet, data congestion and network delay in civil aviation platform equipment monitoring network. The data priority system model is established in close combination with the actual production situation and scene of the aerodrome, and the data priority elements are taken into account in the control, transmission, cache and release of message replicas. Combined with the mobile route and direction model of vehicle nodes, the selection of appropriate next hop node. One verification shows that the optimized algorithm can effectively reduce the data redundancy caused by the excessive number of message replicas, and reduce the communication delay and network routing overhead. By optimizing the network routing algorithm, the paper improves the node energy efficiency and network performance of the airport ground equipment monitoring network, and makes the working condition data of the aerodrome equipment transmit to the upper computer in time and accurately, thus providing reliable communication guarantee for the whole operating condition monitoring system. It has certain practicability and reference value.
【学位授予单位】：中国民航大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：V351.3;TP277

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