基于FDM的扫描路径分析与研究

发布时间：2018-12-23 09:07

【摘要】：3D打印技术是最近二十年来制造业最热门的技术,被称为新一代的工业革命。3D打印技术由于其数字化、小批量、个性化制造,缩短了产品的研发周期,提高了生产效率,更好地满足了现代社会需求。在工业制造领域内,3D打印技术得到了飞速的发展和广泛的应用,但是,3D打印也有一些不足,成型精度不高、成型效率低、力学性能不高。FDM成型工艺是3D打印技术中较常见的一种成型工艺,具有设备便宜、材料环保、较易推广等优点,然而,产品的翘曲变形和台阶效应等缺点还是很难避免。本文通过对FDM成型工艺进行分析,着重研究了不同扫描路径对制造产品的成型精度和成型效率的影响。主要研究内容如下:(1)本文介绍了 FDM成型工艺过程的几种基本扫描路径。扫描路径分别是:往复直线扫描、偏置扫描、分层扫描和复合扫描等。实现了对往复直线扫描和偏置扫描的计算算法;复合扫描是由这两种扫描相结合,算法也类似。(2)对重要的工艺参数进行理论分析和数值仿真,不同的打印温度、扫描速度、层厚对成型精度和成型效率的影响。利用ANSYS的热—结构耦合分析,得出打印温度、层厚等工艺参数的选择要适度。(3)本文利用ANSYS分析软件,以长方体模型为例,探索对几种不同的扫描路径分别进行了数值模拟的方法。通过对不同的扫描路径进行ANSYS热分析和结构分析,使用APDL脚本语言编写代码程序,得到模型节点的温度梯度变化和应力分布。分析得出不同扫描路径对成型精度变化规律,成型精度最好的是内外混合偏置扫描,成型效率和成型精度都较好的是复合扫描,为实际应用提供一定意义的参考。(4)对不同工艺参数和填充路径进行实验研究,以长方体为例作为3D打印制造模型,测量模型的绝对翘曲值。
[Abstract]:3D printing technology is the most popular technology in the manufacturing industry in the last two decades, it is called the new generation of industrial revolution. 3D printing technology has shortened the product research and development cycle and improved the production efficiency because of its digitization, small batch, individualized manufacture. Better meet the needs of modern society. In the field of industrial manufacturing, 3D printing technology has been rapidly developed and widely used. However, 3D printing also has some shortcomings, such as low precision and low efficiency. The mechanical properties are not high. FDM molding technology is a common forming process in 3D printing technology, which has the advantages of cheap equipment, environmental protection of materials and easy to be popularized. However, it is difficult to avoid the disadvantages of warpage and step effect of the products. Based on the analysis of FDM forming process, the influence of different scanning paths on the forming accuracy and forming efficiency of manufacturing products is studied. The main contents are as follows: (1) this paper introduces several basic scanning paths of FDM molding process. Scanning paths are: reciprocating linear scan, offset scan, stratified scan and composite scan. The calculation algorithm of reciprocating line scanning and offset scanning is realized. Composite scanning is a combination of these two scans and the algorithm is similar. (2) theoretical analysis and numerical simulation of important process parameters, different printing temperature, scanning speed, layer thickness on the forming accuracy and efficiency. By using the thermal-structural coupling analysis of ANSYS, it is concluded that the selection of process parameters such as printing temperature and layer thickness should be moderate. (3) in this paper, the cuboid model is taken as an example by using ANSYS analysis software. Several methods for numerical simulation of different scanning paths are explored. By ANSYS thermal analysis and structural analysis of different scanning paths, the temperature gradient and stress distribution of model nodes are obtained by using APDL script language to write code programs. The analysis shows that different scanning paths change the forming accuracy, the best one is the internal and external mixed bias scanning, and the best one is the compound scanning, which has better forming efficiency and precision. It provides a reference for practical application. (4) the experimental study of different process parameters and filling paths is carried out. The cuboid is taken as a 3D printing manufacturing model to measure the absolute warping value of the model.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TP391.73

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