光电器件性能参数测试系统设计

发布时间：2018-12-24 11:51

【摘要】：光电倍增管是一种具有极高灵敏度和超快时间响应的光电器件,广泛应用于物理实验、工业生产、化学分析、医疗器械等领域。江门中微子实验以确定中微子质量顺序和混合参数为主要物理目标,并进行其它多项科学前沿研究,需要用到万余只大直径光电倍增管做光探测器。而大尺寸光电倍增管一直被日本和欧洲的少数厂家所垄断,目前国内相关单位根据江门中微子实验对光电倍增管的要求,已经自主研制出了大面积微通道板型光电倍增管。本文在国家自然科学基金面上项目《大面积高量子效率双碱光阴极的研究与制备》的资助下,针对国内新研制的大尺寸光电倍增管,探索计算机技术在其性能测试方面的应用,实现均匀性、磁场效应、老化效应测试。主要工作可总结为如下几个方面:(1)设计了大面积光电倍增管光阴极均匀性测试子系统。利用多路脉冲信号发生器驱动LED发光构成多路光源,每路光强单独可调。测试时顺序点亮80路LED,自动读取光电倍增管光阴极不同位置的电流。系统本身光强的均匀性和稳定性均满足要求,且测试过程方便快捷,能用于光电倍增管的自动化批量测试。(2)设计了大面积光电倍增管地磁场效应测试子系统。一方面利用高磁导材料做成磁屏蔽罩定性屏蔽地磁场,另一方面根据电生磁原理,利用带电的三维螺线管线圈产生与地磁场方向相反的感应磁场,通过调整线圈电流来定量屏蔽地磁场,实现在不同磁场强度下的光电倍增管性能参数自动测试。(3)设计了大面积光电倍增管老化效应测试子系统。利用强光照射光阴极面加速光电倍增管的老化,模拟实际长期使用过程。测试过程中实时监测系统电子学和光源的稳定性,并绘制光电倍增管的老化曲线。目前该系统已经进行了7个月的样管测试,满足长期稳定性的要求。(4)设计了LED性能参数测试子系统。LED作为光电倍增管性能测试过程中的常用光源,性能参数的微小变化会严重影响光电倍增的性能测试结果。使LED工作在恒压模式下,实时监测LED的工作电流、发光强度、发光光谱,保证光电倍增管测试结果的可靠性。目前上述测试系统都已投入使用,实现了大尺寸光电倍增管性能参数的全面测试,为新型光电倍增管制作工艺的改进和江门中微子实验对光电倍增管的筛选提供了重要依据。
[Abstract]:Photomultiplier tube is a kind of optoelectronic device with high sensitivity and ultra-fast time response. It is widely used in physical experiments, industrial production, chemical analysis, medical devices and other fields. Jiangmen neutrino experiment takes the determination of neutrino mass order and mixing parameters as the main physical object, and carries out many other scientific frontier studies. More than 10,000 large diameter photomultiplier tubes are used as photodetectors. However, the large-size photomultiplier tubes have been monopolized by a few manufacturers in Japan and Europe. At present, according to the requirements of Jiangmen neutrino experiment for photomultiplier tubes, large area microchannel plate photomultiplier tubes have been developed independently. In this paper, the application of computer technology in the performance test of large scale photomultiplier tubes developed in China has been explored with the aid of the project "Research and preparation of double alkali photocathode with large area and high quantum efficiency", which is a project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China, and aims at the newly developed large size photomultiplier tubes in China. Homogeneity, magnetic field effect, aging effect testing. The main work can be summarized as follows: (1) the photocathode uniformity testing subsystem of large area photomultiplier tube is designed. The multichannel light source is composed of LED light source driven by multichannel pulse signal generator, and each light intensity can be adjusted separately. During the test, 80 channels of LED, are sequentially lit to read the current at different positions of the photocathode of the photomultiplier tube. The system meets the requirements of the uniformity and stability of the light intensity, and the testing process is convenient and quick. It can be used for the automatic batch testing of photomultiplier tubes. (2) the geomagnetic field effect test subsystem of large area photomultiplier tube is designed. On the one hand, high magnetic conductance materials are used to make magnetic shielding cover to screen geomagnetic field qualitatively. On the other hand, according to the principle of electromagnetization, an inductive magnetic field opposite to the geomagnetic field is produced by using a electrified three-dimensional solenoid coil. By adjusting coil current to screen geomagnetic field quantitatively, the performance parameters of photomultiplier tube under different magnetic field intensity can be measured automatically. (3) A large area PMT aging test subsystem is designed. The aging of photomultiplier tube is accelerated by strong light irradiation on photocathode surface, and the practical long-term operation process is simulated. The stability of electronics and light source is monitored and the ageing curve of photomultiplier tube is drawn. At present, the system has been tested for 7 months to meet the requirements of long-term stability. (4) the LED performance parameter testing subsystem is designed. LED is used as a common light source in the performance testing of photomultiplier tubes. The small change of performance parameters will seriously affect the performance test results of photomultiplier. The working current, luminescence intensity and luminescence spectrum of LED are monitored in constant voltage mode, which ensures the reliability of the test results of photomultiplier tube. At present, all the above testing systems have been put into use, and the comprehensive measurement of the performance parameters of large size photomultiplier tubes has been realized, which provides an important basis for the improvement of the fabrication process of new photomultiplier tubes and for the screening of photomultiplier tubes by Jiangmen neutrino experiment.
【学位授予单位】：陕西科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TN152

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