航站楼非平稳碳浓度调节系统研究与设计

发布时间：2019-03-12 19:32

【摘要】：碳浓度偏高是导致航站楼内空气质量不佳的主要原因之一,且航站楼内碳浓度随旅客数量变化呈现的非平稳性给其控制带了挑战。本文设计并开发基于数据驱动PID控制器的碳浓度调节系统,系统根据环境中新风量、碳浓度等因素的变化,采用在线优化PID参数的方法调节碳浓度。实验和仿真结果表明:系统通过在线优化参数,对非平稳碳浓度的调节效果良好。系统工作稳定,给旅客提供良好空气质量的同时可实现节能。本文主要工作如下:首先,根据航站楼内实际情况,分析系统应具有的功能,主要包括碳浓度检测、监控和新风量控制等。制定系统控制目标及技术指标,进行基于数据驱动PID控制器的非平稳碳浓度调节系统方案设计。完成低功耗碳浓度检测器、监控软件和新风量调节子系统的开发工作,经测试:各部分性能参数均满足设计指标要求。然后,采用实验法验证系统整体工作性能。在实验室中安装碳浓度调节系统设备,进行基于数据驱动PID控制方法与传统控制方法的对比实验。从碳浓度调节效果和新风量两个方面定量分析系统动、静态性能和节能效果。最后,在系统应用方案设计中,根据空调通风系统布局特点,选取出发大厅进行碳浓度调节系统部署。现场采集碳浓度数据并分析其非平稳性,研究碳浓度主要影响因素变化规律。在Matlab/Simulink环境中建立碳浓度控制系统仿真模型。结果表明:基于数据驱动PID控制方法下系统对非平稳碳浓度的调节效果良好,可降低新风能耗。鲁棒性实验证明了系统的稳定性。进而,讨论系统在其他区域的应用方案,最终实现碳浓度调节系统在航站楼中的整体设计。结论:基于数据驱动PID控制器的碳浓度调节系统通过在线优化控制参数,对航站楼内非平稳碳浓度调节效果良好,实现了设计方案中的碳浓度调节和节能目标;系统工作稳定,稳态误差小,在优化航站楼内空气质量的同时,具有较好的节能效果。
[Abstract]:High carbon concentration is one of the main causes of poor air quality in terminal buildings, and the non-stationarity of carbon concentration in terminal buildings with the number of passengers challenges its control. In this paper, a data-driven PID controller-based carbon concentration regulation system is designed and developed. According to the changes of fresh air volume and carbon concentration in the environment, the on-line optimization of PID parameters is used to adjust the carbon concentration. The experimental and simulation results show that the system has a good effect on the non-stationary carbon concentration by optimizing the parameters on-line. The system works stably and provides passengers with good air quality and energy saving at the same time. The main work of this paper is as follows: firstly, according to the actual situation in the terminal building, the functions of the system are analyzed, including carbon concentration detection, monitoring and fresh air volume control, etc. The control target and technical index of the system are formulated, and the scheme of the non-stationary carbon concentration regulation system based on the data-driven PID controller is designed. The development of low-power carbon concentration detector, monitoring software and outdoor air conditioning subsystem are completed. The test results show that the performance parameters of each part meet the requirements of the design index. Then, the whole performance of the system is verified by experiment. The carbon concentration control system was installed in the laboratory, and the data-driven PID control method was compared with the traditional control method. The dynamic, static and energy-saving effects of the system are quantitatively analyzed from the aspects of carbon concentration regulation effect and fresh air volume. Finally, in the system application design, according to the layout characteristics of the air conditioning and ventilation system, the departure hall is selected to deploy the carbon concentration adjustment system. The data of carbon concentration were collected on the spot and its nonstationarity was analyzed, and the main influencing factors of carbon concentration were studied. The simulation model of carbon concentration control system in Matlab/Simulink environment is established. The results show that the control method based on data-driven PID has a good effect on the non-stationary carbon concentration and can reduce the energy consumption of fresh air. The robustness experiment proves the stability of the system. Furthermore, the application scheme of the system in other areas is discussed, and the overall design of the carbon concentration regulation system in terminal building is finally realized. Conclusion: the carbon concentration regulation system based on data-driven PID controller can adjust the non-stationary carbon concentration in terminal building by optimizing the control parameters on-line, and achieve the goal of carbon concentration regulation and energy saving in the design scheme. The system works stably and the steady-state error is small. It can optimize the air quality in the terminal building and has a good energy-saving effect at the same time.
【学位授予单位】：中国民航大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：V351.3;TP273

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