植入式脑机接口中微电刺激信息反馈和神经信息约简的研究

发布时间：2017-12-26 22:34

本文关键词：植入式脑机接口中微电刺激信息反馈和神经信息约简的研究　出处：《浙江大学》2016年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：脑机接口技术在大脑和外部设备之间建立了一条直接的信息交流通道,一方面可以读取大脑运动意图信息来控制外部设备,另一方面可以将外部信息反馈回大脑,因此在残疾人感觉运动功能修复以及神经损伤性疾病的治疗方面具有重要应用前景。植入式脑机接口经过十几年的发展已经取得初步成果,目前正在进入优化升级阶段。系统现阶段主要面临以下几个方面的问题:1)缺乏针对闭环系统的信息反馈的研究;2)系统闭环化的发展趋势对于解码效率提出了更高的要求。本文主要针对以上两个方面的问题,研究对应的解决方案。针对闭环系统信息反馈的问题,本文研究了如何利用皮层微电刺激技术作为脑机接口系统信息反馈的新方法。首先研究了皮层微电刺激信息输入的特点,在此基础上建立了以皮层微电刺激进行信息反馈的闭环系统,通过对比实验验证了皮层微电刺激在系统中的反馈作用。针对系统高效解码的问题,本文研究了如何利用神经元信息约简的方法来提高解码效率。通过分析神经元跟实验任务的相关性筛选出少量重要神经元用来解码,在不影响解码精度的同时减少了计算量,达到了提高解码效率的目的。本文的主要工作和创新点在于:1)研究了外界振动刺激与皮层微电刺激对皮层神经元活动的影响,为皮层微电刺激作为脑机接口闭环系统中的信息输入方法提供了实验依据。2)提出了一种以皮层微电刺激作为双向脑机接口系统中闭环信息反馈的方法,通过建立啮齿类动物的双向闭环脑机接口实验平台,验证了皮层微电刺激方法的有效反馈作用。3)提出了基于互信息定量评价筛选任务相关神经元的方法,通过对非人灵长类动物抓握手势解码实验中皮层神经元任务相关性分析,进行神经信息约简,为提高解码效率提供了一种有效方法。本文的研究结果对于将来建立完整、高效的闭环脑机接口系统具有一定的指导作用和参考价值。
[Abstract]:Brain computer interface technology to establish a direct communication channel between the brain and external devices, one can read brain motion intention information to control external equipment, on the other hand, the external information feedback to the brain, so the feeling of persons with disabilities has important application prospect in the treatment of motor function recovery and nerve injury disease. After more than ten years of development, implantable brain machine interface has achieved preliminary results, and is now entering the stage of optimization and upgrading. At present, the system is faced with the following problems: 1) there is no research on information feedback for closed loop system; 2) the development trend of system closed-loop has put forward higher requirements for decoding efficiency. This article mainly aims at the above two aspects, and studies the corresponding solutions. In view of the information feedback of the closed loop system, this paper studies how to use the cortical micro stimulation technology as a new method of information feedback of the brain machine interface system. First, we studied the characteristics of information input from cortical micro electrical stimulation. Based on that, we established a closed loop system of information feedback based on cortical micro electrical stimulation, and verified the feedback effect of cortical micro electrical stimulation in the system through comparative experiments. In order to solve the problem of efficient decoding of the system, this paper studies how to improve the decoding efficiency by using the method of neuron reduction. By analyzing the correlation between neurons and experimental tasks, a few important neurons were selected to decode, without affecting the accuracy of decoding, and at the same time, reducing the amount of computation, achieving the purpose of improving the decoding efficiency. The main works and innovations in this paper are as follows: 1) we studied the effects of external vibration stimulation and cortical micro electrical stimulation on cortical neuron activity, and provided experimental evidence for cortical micro electrical stimulation as a method of information input in closed loop system of brain computer interface. 2) put forward a closed loop information feedback method based on cortical micro electrical stimulation as a bidirectional brain computer interface system. By establishing rodent bi-directional closed loop brain computer interface experimental platform, we verified the effective feedback function of cortical micro electrical stimulation. 3) a method based on mutual information for quantitative evaluation of task related neurons was put forward. Neural information reduction was performed through the task correlation analysis of cortical neurons in the grasp gesture decoding experiment of non-human primates, providing an effective way to improve the decoding efficiency. The results of this paper have a certain guiding role and reference value for the establishment of a complete and efficient closed loop brain machine interface system in the future.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TN911.7;R318

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