面向下一代移动通信系统的多通道射频收发信机以及频率源的研究

发布时间：2017-12-30 23:12

  本文关键词：面向下一代移动通信系统的多通道射频收发信机以及频率源的研究　出处：《东南大学》2017年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

  更多相关文章： 分布式无线组网技术 多通道 X波段 Ku波段 射频收发信机 振荡器 滤波器 频率源 相位噪声

【摘要】：目前,随着在线视频和游戏,社交网络应用类软件以及移动支付等新兴网络服务的兴起,消费者对于手机等无线终端设备的依赖性也越来越强,与此同时,广大运营商也很重视这方面产业的发展。为了满足现有市场的需求以及其今后的发展,未来的移动通信必将沿着"更高效率","更快速率"和"更加智能"这三个主要发展方向大步迈进。针对未来移动通信系统的发展趋势,本论文开展了基于分布式光纤拉远技术(RoF)的有源一体化天线的研究,具有"高集成度"和"高效率"的优点。在高频段和毫米波频段开展了超宽带移动通信射频前端技术的研究,支持更大的信道带宽和大规模MIMO的应用,可实现"更快的传输速率",解决了其中多个关键的技术和设计难题,如高频段紧凑结构的高性能宽带多通道射频收发模块技术、高性能滤波器和双工器技术、超低相位噪声VCO和频率合成器技术等。研制的射频模块和系统均已成功地在下一代移动通信实验系统中得到应用,获得很好的性能。综上,本论文的主要研究内容和创新包括如下几个方向:1)针对未来移动通信的高集成度,高性能和高效率等要求,结合国家科技重大专项课题"高效节能的有源一体化天线",开展了针对于分布式组网和光纤拉远等新型移动网络的RoF射频子系统的研究。该射频子系统工作在2.6GHz频道上,信道带宽达到100MHz,最大支持8×8的MIMO传输模式,具有结构紧凑,射频性能指标好,效率高等特点,能够方便地用于有源一体化天线系统中。该射频子系统在北京清华大学和普天科技有限公司完成了系统联调和测试任务,并成功连入普天公司的IMT-Advanced实验网,顺利地完成了专项课题验收。2)针对未来移动通信会向更高的工作频段和更多射频通道发展的方向,本论文研究设计了一套X波段的双通道接收机和一套Ku波段的多通道变频模块。其中X波段双通道接收机工作带宽800MHz,接收链路的最大噪声系数小于1.8dB,最大增益约为90dB,通带内增益波动约为2.1dB。增益可控范围约为60dB,输入1dB压缩点优于-30dBm。Ku波段多通道变频模块则包括了可以同时支持4个接收的下变频通道以及可以支持多通道校准使用的一发一收两个校准通道。该模块工作频段设计在16～18GHz,射频带宽40MHz,4个接收下变频通道之间的一致性较好,通道之间的增益一致性优于1dB,带内增益波动小于0.8dB,带外干扰抑制优于50dB,带外杂散功率小于-70dBm。发射链路带内增益波动优于1.5dB,带外杂散优于-52dBc。完成的变频模块体积较小,实现了多通道模块设计小型化的目的,可以很好的应用于面向下一代移动通信的大规模MIMO系统中。3)面对下一代移动通信系统向更高频段发展的趋势,本论文利用基片集成波导技术的低损耗,低辐射,高隔离度和易与平面电路集成等优点,结合实际应用,首次提出了一种基于SIW高次模实现的点频振荡器,并进一步在此基础上通过在反馈回路中加入移相器改进设计了压控振荡器。设计完成的X波段振荡器电路利用反馈环路中作为稳频器件的SIW双模圆腔特有的频率响应特点,在其上边带附近利用较大的群延时峰值大大改善了振荡器的相位噪声性能,单频点振荡器的相位噪声在偏离载波1 MHz处达到了-135.5dBc/Hz,对应的FOM值达到了-206.2dBc/Hz,性能良好。在此基础上通过在反馈回路中加入移相器改进设计完成的压控振荡器调谐范围约为1.3%,调谐范围内的相位噪声在偏离载波1MHz处约为-123dBc/Hz至-130dBc/Hz。此外,本论文还针对SIW双模圆腔结构做了研究,分析了腔体中双模耦合的工作机理,并进一步通过在腔体中引入一个金属化通孔作为微扰,使得原双模圆腔的上边带传输零点可控。基于该理论分析,在28 GHz频段上设计完成了一个准椭圆滤波器和一个双工器并给出了其设计方法,得益于该双模圆腔引入的传输零点,测试结果显示其带外抑制性能良好。4)针对毫米波超高速通信系统的需求,结合国家科技重大专项课题,本论文开展了针对其中所需的超低相位噪声的频率综合器的研究。论文首先简单介绍了频率合成器的组成并分析了相位噪声对射频系统性能的影响。然后提出并设计完成了两套基于数字锁相环的Ku波段频率合成器,实测相位噪声在偏离载波10 kHz和1 MHz处分别达到了-103dBc/Hz和-123.6dBc/Hz,性能达到了设计需求,并已作为频率合成器模块成功应用在相应的多个课题项目中。为了能够适应下一代移动通信系统的设计需求,进一步改善其相位噪声性能,本论文分析了使用传统设计方案导致相位噪声恶化的原因,并在此基础上提出了采用数字锁相环和模拟锁相环相结合的方案,在Ku波段上设计完成了一个新的频率合成器模块。其中利用取样鉴相器构成的模拟锁相环实现较高频率的点频信号输出,并和数字锁相环实现的低频信号通过混频的方式得到高质量本振信号源,实测相位噪声在中心频率处偏离载波1kHz,10kHz,100kHz和1MHz时分别达到了-112.2dBc/Hz,-120.7dBc/Hz,-117.1dBc/Hz和-136.4dBc/Hz。实测结果证明该方案能够在较高频段上获得较低的相位噪声,可以很好的应用在面向5G通信的毫米波移动通信系统中。
[Abstract]:At present, with the online video and games, social networking application software, mobile payment and other emerging network services, consumers are becoming dependent on mobile phone and other wireless terminal equipment more strong, at the same time, the majority of operators also attaches great importance to the development of this industry. In order to meet the current market demand and the development in the future. Future mobile communication will be more efficient, "along" more rapid rate "and" smart "of the three main development direction stride. In view of the development trend of the future mobile communication system, this paper developed a remote technology based on distributed optical fiber (RoF) of the active integrated antenna has the advantages of high". Integration "and" high efficiency ". In the high frequency band and millimeter wave band, carried out research on the technology of ultra wideband mobile communication RF front-end, application support channel bandwidth and larger scale can be MIMO. The realization of "faster transfer rate", deals with a number of key technologies and design problems, such as high frequency Compact High Performance Broadband structure of multi channel RF transceiver technology, high performance filter and duplexer technology, ultra low phase noise VCO and frequency synthesizer technology. RF module and system development are mobile in the next generation communication experiment system successfully applied to obtain good performance. In summary, the main contents of this paper and innovation includes the following aspects: 1) for a high degree of integration of mobile communication in the future, high performance and high efficiency requirements, combined with the national science and technology major project of "energy efficient active integration the antenna, carried out the research for distributed optical fiber remote networking and other new mobile network RoF RF subsystem. The RF subsystem in 2.6GHz channel, the channel bandwidth is up to 100MHz Maximum support MIMO transmission mode, 8 x 8, has the advantages of compact structure, good RF performance, high efficiency, can be conveniently used for active integrated antenna system. The RF subsystem in Beijing Tsinghua University and Putian Technology Co. Ltd. has completed the system debugging and testing tasks, and successfully connected to the IMT-Advanced experimental network Putian company and successfully completed the project approval.2) for future mobile communication will develop to a higher frequency and more RF channel direction, this paper design a multi channel conversion module, dual channel receiver, a X band and a Ku band. The X band dual channel receiver bandwidth of 800MHz, the largest the receiving link noise coefficient is less than 1.8dB, the maximum gain is about 90dB, pass band gain fluctuation is about 2.1dB. gain control range is about 60dB, the input 1dB compression point is better than that of -30dBm.Ku wave A multi channel conversion module comprises a can support 4 receiving the frequency channel and can support multi channel calibration using a charge two calibration channel. The module design in the working frequency band of 16 ~ 18GHz, RF bandwidth 40MHz, between 4 received frequency channel good consistency between channels, the gain is more consistent than the 1dB band gain fluctuation is less than 0.8dB, out of band interference suppression is better than 50dB, with stray power less than -70dBm. transmission link band gain fluctuation is less than 1.5dB, frequency conversion module is smaller than -52dBc. band spurious finish, realize multi channel module design of miniaturized, large-scale MIMO system the application for the next generation mobile communication.3) in next generation mobile communication system to the development trend of higher frequency, low loss of the substrate integrated waveguide technology, low radiation, High isolation and easy integration with planar circuits and other advantages, combined with practical application, first proposed a SIW implementation of high order mode frequency oscillator based on, and further on this basis by adding a phase shifter in the feedback loop improves the design of VCO. Response characteristics as the unique SIW dual mode circular cavity frequency stabilization devices. The frequency of the feedback loop using the X band oscillator circuit, at the upper zone greatly improves the phase noise performance of the oscillator using group delay peak value, the phase noise of single frequency oscillator can reach -135.5dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset from the carrier, the corresponding FOM value reached -206.2dBc/Hz, on the basis of good performance. By adding a feedback loop in the phase shifter design improvement the VCO tuning range is about 1.3%, the phase noise of the tuning range in 1MHz from the carrier at about -1 23dBc/Hz in addition to -130dBc/Hz., in view of the SIW dual mode circular cavity structure is studied. The analysis of the working mechanism of two coupling cavity, and further through the hole as a perturbation into a metal in the cavity, the upper cavity of the original double circle with transmission zeros can be controlled. Based on the theoretical analysis, in the the 28 GHz band on the design of a quasi elliptic filter and a duplexer and gives the design method of transmission, due to the introduction of the dual mode circular cavity is zero, the result shows that the good performance of.4 band suppression) in millimeter wave ultra high speed communication system, combined with the National Science and technology major project, the this paper carried out the research required for ultra low phase noise frequency synthesizer. The paper firstly introduces the composition of the frequency synthesizer and analyzes the effect of phase noise on RF performance of the system. Then We designed and realized based on two sets of Ku band digital PLL frequency synthesizer, the measured phase noise at 10 kHz offset from the carrier and 1 MHz respectively, -103dBc/Hz and -123.6dBc/Hz, the performance meets the design requirements, and has been used as a frequency synthesizer module was successfully used in a number of projects should be in order to adapt to the design. Needs of the next generation mobile communication system, further improve the phase noise performance, this paper analyzes the use of traditional design causes deterioration of phase noise, and based on the digital phase-locked loop and analog phase-locked loop combined scheme in Ku band, the design of a new frequency synthesizer module which analog phase-locked using sampling phase detector composed of loop high frequency frequency signal output, and the low frequency signal and digital phase-locked loop realized by mixing. To get high quality of the vibration signal source, the measured phase noise from the carrier at the center frequency 1kHz, 10kHz, 100kHz and 1MHz respectively, -112.2dBc/Hz, -120.7dBc/Hz, -117.1dBc/Hz and -136.4dBc/Hz. measurement results show that the scheme can be obtained at high frequency low phase noise, which can be applied in 5G oriented communication millimeter wave in the mobile communication system.

【学位授予单位】：东南大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TN929.5
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本文编号：1356952