水下无线传感器网络媒体接入控制协议研究

发布时间：2018-01-04 04:01

  本文关键词：水下无线传感器网络媒体接入控制协议研究　出处：《浙江大学》2016年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

  更多相关文章： 水下无线传感器网络 媒体接入控制 数据队列 时间规划 信道预约 功率控制

【摘要】：水下无线传感器网络(Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks,UWSNs)是当前海洋开发与通信领域的研究热点。由于采用声信号作为传播媒介,水下无线传感器网络有着低带宽、长传播时延、高信道动态等特点,这些特点给几乎所有的网络核心问题的研究和设计带来了困难和挑战。如何针对这些水下网络特点,构建稳定高效的水下无线传感器网络,对海洋资源的合理开发和海洋环境的有效保护,都具有十分重要的意义。媒体接入控制(Media Access Control,MAC)技术是水下无线传感器网络的核心问题之一,设计合理高效的MAC协议对水下无线传感器网络的发展尤为重要。本文以水下无线传感器网络的媒体接入控制协议展开研究工作,针对水声信道的特点,从信道竞争、时间规划、信道预约、数据队列及功率控制等多个角度,提出了适用于水下环境的MAC协议,并进行了性能分析与仿真实验,主要工作和创新性成果如下:(1)针对经典水下MAC协议slotted-FAMA中存在的多RTS尝试问题,提出了基于RTS竞争的RC-SFAMA协议,通过引入RTS竞争机制,使得竞争获胜的节点可以继续进行有效数据的传输,从而提高了网络的吞吐量。在RC-SFAMA协议的基础上,提出了基于数据队列的SFAMA-DT协议,通过引入握手阶段的排序机制,使得多对通信节点能够以数据队列的方式在同一个握手周期内依次完成数据传输并避免冲突的发生,从而进一步减少了竞争信道的开销。(2)针对水声信道长传播时延与时空不确定的特点,分别设计了基于时间规划与数据队列的SM-TMAC-DT和MS-TMAC-DT协议,通过时间规划合理地安排控制包和数据包的发送时机,并以数据队列的形式完成多组数据的有效传输,提高了一对多与多对一网络的信道利用率。(3)以降低竞争开销提高水声信道利用率为目的,提出了基于预约的数据队列RMAC-DT协议,通过引入预约机制、RTS-CTS排序方案和循环接龙的数据队列传输方式,降低了节点的平均预约时间,减少了节点发送数据的等待时间,有效提高了网络吞吐量。(4)针对水下无线传感器网络通信节点能量有限的特点,以克服传统功率控制水下MAC协议的大干扰范围问题为目的,设计了基于功率控制的MACA-PC协议,通过周期性发送通知信号以规避冲突的方法,解决了大干扰范围冲突问题,采用低功率数据传输,有效降低了网络通信能耗。
[Abstract]:Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks. UWSNs (underwater Wireless Sensor Networks) is a hot research area in the field of ocean development and communication. Because of the use of acoustic signals as a media, underwater wireless sensor networks have the characteristics of low bandwidth, long propagation delay, high channel dynamics and so on. These characteristics bring difficulties and challenges to the research and design of almost all the core problems of the network. How to build a stable and efficient underwater wireless sensor network according to the characteristics of these underwater networks. It is very important for the rational exploitation of marine resources and the effective protection of marine environment. Media Access Control is the media access control. Marc) technology is one of the core problems of underwater wireless sensor networks. The design of a reasonable and efficient MAC protocol is particularly important for the development of underwater wireless sensor networks. In this paper, the media access control protocol of underwater wireless sensor networks is studied, aiming at the characteristics of underwater acoustic channels. From the aspects of channel competition, time planning, channel reservation, data queue and power control, a MAC protocol suitable for underwater environment is proposed, and the performance analysis and simulation experiments are carried out. The main work and innovative results are as follows: 1) aiming at the problem of multiple RTS attempts in the classical underwater MAC protocol (slotted-FAMA). The RC-SFAMA protocol based on RTS competition is proposed. By introducing RTS competition mechanism, the node that wins the competition can continue to transmit effective data. In order to improve the throughput of the network. Based on the RC-SFAMA protocol, the SFAMA-DT protocol based on data queue is proposed, and the sorting mechanism of handshake phase is introduced. It enables multiple pairs of communication nodes to complete data transmission and avoid collision in turn in the same handshake cycle by data queue. Thus, the overhead of the competing channel is further reduced. (2) aiming at the characteristics of underwater acoustic channel length propagation delay and space-time uncertainty. The SM-TMAC-DT and MS-TMAC-DT protocols based on time planning and data queue are designed, and the timing of sending control packets and data packets is reasonably arranged by time planning. The efficient transmission of multiple groups of data is completed in the form of data queue, which improves the channel utilization ratio of one-to-many and many-to-one networks. A data queue RMAC-DT protocol based on reservation is proposed, which can reduce the average reservation time of nodes by introducing reservation mechanism into RTS-CTS sorting scheme and data queue transmission mode of cyclic link. It reduces the waiting time for nodes to send data and effectively improves the throughput of the network. 4) aiming at the limited energy of communication nodes in underwater wireless sensor networks. In order to overcome the problem of large interference range of traditional underwater MAC protocol, the MACA-PC protocol based on power control is designed to avoid conflict by sending notification signal periodically. The problem of large interference range conflict is solved, and low power data transmission is used to effectively reduce the energy consumption of network communication.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TN929.3;TP212.9

【参考文献】

中国期刊全文数据库 前6条

1 李超;徐勇军;刁博宇;王峰;王琪;;RIM-MAC:一种适用于水下传感网接收者发起的多会话MAC协议[J];通信学报;2015年S1期

2 刘磊;李宇;张春华;黄海宁;;水声通信网竞争式介质访问控制协议的研究[J];应用声学;2014年03期

3 洪璐;洪锋;李正宝;郭忠文;;CT-TDMA:水下传感器网络高效TDMA协议[J];通信学报;2012年02期

4 周密;崔勇;徐兴福;杨旭宁;;水声传感网MAC协议综述[J];计算机科学;2011年09期

5 蹇强;龚正虎;朱培栋;桂春梅;;无线传感器网络MAC协议研究进展[J];软件学报;2008年02期

6 童峰,陆佶人;一种用于水声通信网的TDMA方案[J];通信学报;2003年04期

，

本文编号：1376928