监测类应用无线传感器网络抗拥塞MAC协议研究
发布时间：2019-02-18 13:27
【摘要】：由于无线传感器网络节点能量和硬件资源受限,在诸如社区监测等应用中,数据包多到一及多跳汇聚传输模式易引起无线传感器网络局部或全局拥塞,导致网络传输延迟增大、数据丢失,甚至网络瘫痪。对网络拥塞进行有效控制是保证无线传感器网络服务质量(Quality of Service, QoS)性能、延长生命周期的关键手段之一。媒介访问控制(Medium Access Control, MAC)协议处于网络协议栈底层,负责管理分配传感器节点的通信资源,直接影响着网络对拥塞的响应速度。提高MAC协议的抗拥塞能力是无线传感器网络研究中具有挑战性的研究课题之一。本文分析多跳汇聚拓扑网络发生拥塞的原因,提出和改进了MAC协议抗拥塞方法。论文的主要工作和创新点如下：(1)改进设计了一种基于父节点控制无线信道资源分配的拥塞缓解MAC协议(SRI-MAC):针对网络中数据多到一汇聚传输时,子节点竞争加剧导致传输性能下降,休眠机制导致有效带宽变小等造成的网络拥塞问题,本协议通过父节点对无线信道资源进行分配,包含多次邀请机制和迸发传输机制,达到缓解拥塞的目的。仿真结果显示,随着负载流量增加,SRI-MAC协议数据包传递率比S-MAC和R-MAC同。(2)提出一种基于节点自适应竞争窗口调节策略的拥塞缓解MAC协议(CA-MAC):针对数据多跳汇聚传输使负载流量不均衡,负载密度逐跳变大,易引起拥塞使父节点缓存队列溢出丢包的问题,本协议采用缓存队列占用率检测和拥塞趋势度检测结合的方法检测拥塞,通过自适应竞争窗口调节策略以及进发传输机制,缓解了拥塞。仿真结果显示,随数据包加载时间间隔缩小,CA-MAC的数据包传递率比S-MAC和RL-MAC高。(3)改进设计了一种基于相邻节点选择策略分流数据的拥塞缓解MAC协议(MACA-MAC):针对父节点发生拥塞无法接收数据,造成其子节点数据积压加剧拥塞的问题,本协议中,当父节点发生拥塞时,其子节点通过相邻节点选择策略,从可选邻节点列表中选择传输压力最小的节点转发数据,缓解了拥塞。仿真结果显示,随数据包加载时间间隔缩小,MACA-MAC协议的数据包传递率比PW-MAC高。论文在上述研究的基础上,设计了采用CC2530,芯片的测试节点,在测试节点软硬件平台上实现了本文提出和改进的MAC协议抗拥塞方法,并在实际场景中进行了组网验证。实测结果表明,SRI-MAC协议的数据包传递率比S-MAC高,在SRI-MAC上增加自适应竞争窗口调节策略后,其数据包传递率比SRI-MAC高。通过节点选择策略进行数据分流缓解拥塞的MACA-MAC的包传递率比PW-MAC高。本论文所改进和提出的MAC协议抗拥塞方法,能够缓解拥塞,提高监测应用中多跳汇聚网络数据传输成功率。
[Abstract]:Due to the limited energy and hardware resources of wireless sensor network nodes, in applications such as community monitoring, the multiple to one and multi-hop convergent transmission modes can easily lead to local or global congestion in wireless sensor networks, resulting in the increase of network transmission delay. Data loss, even network paralysis. The effective control of network congestion is one of the key methods to ensure the (Quality of Service, QoS) performance and prolong the life cycle of wireless sensor networks. The media access control (Medium Access Control, MAC) protocol is located at the bottom of the network protocol stack, which is responsible for managing the communication resources of sensor nodes, which directly affects the response speed of the network to congestion. Improving the anti-congestion capability of MAC protocol is one of the challenging research topics in wireless sensor networks. In this paper, the causes of congestion in multi-hop convergent topology networks are analyzed, and the anti-congestion method of MAC protocol is proposed and improved. The main work and innovations of this paper are as follows: (1) an improved congestion mitigation MAC protocol (SRI-MAC) based on parent node controlled wireless channel resource allocation is proposed. The network congestion caused by the increase of child competition and the decrease of effective bandwidth caused by the hibernation mechanism. This protocol allocates the wireless channel resources through the parent node, which includes multiple invitation mechanism and burst transmission mechanism. To alleviate congestion. The simulation results show that, with the increase of load flow, The packet transfer rate of SRI-MAC protocol is the same as that of S-MAC and R-MAC. (2) A congestion mitigation MAC protocol (CA-MAC) based on node adaptive contention window regulation strategy is proposed. The load density is high, which is easy to cause congestion to overflow and lose packets in parent queue. This protocol adopts the combination of cache queue occupancy detection and congestion trend detection to detect congestion. The congestion is alleviated by the adaptive competition window adjustment strategy and the incoming and outgoing transmission mechanism. The simulation results show that, with the time interval of data packet loading, The packet transfer rate of CA-MAC is higher than that of S-MAC and RL-MAC. (3) A congestion mitigation MAC protocol (MACA-MAC) based on neighbor node selection strategy is designed. In this protocol, when the parent node is congested, the child node selects the node with the lowest transmission pressure from the list of optional neighbor nodes to forward the data through the selection strategy of adjacent nodes. The congestion was alleviated. The simulation results show that the packet transfer rate of MACA-MAC protocol is higher than that of PW-MAC. Based on the above research, the paper designs the test node using CC2530, chip, and implements the proposed and improved MAC protocol anti-congestion method on the hardware and software platform of the test node, and carries on the network verification in the actual scene. The experimental results show that the packet transfer rate of SRI-MAC protocol is higher than that of S-MAC, and the packet transfer rate of SRI-MAC protocol is higher than that of SRI-MAC when the adaptive competition window adjustment strategy is added to SRI-MAC. The packet transfer rate of MACA-MAC with node selection strategy is higher than that of PW-MAC. The improved and proposed anti-congestion method of MAC protocol in this paper can alleviate congestion and improve the success rate of multi-hop convergence network data transmission in monitoring applications.
【学位授予单位】：东南大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TN929.5;TP212.9
本文编号：2425884
[Abstract]:Due to the limited energy and hardware resources of wireless sensor network nodes, in applications such as community monitoring, the multiple to one and multi-hop convergent transmission modes can easily lead to local or global congestion in wireless sensor networks, resulting in the increase of network transmission delay. Data loss, even network paralysis. The effective control of network congestion is one of the key methods to ensure the (Quality of Service, QoS) performance and prolong the life cycle of wireless sensor networks. The media access control (Medium Access Control, MAC) protocol is located at the bottom of the network protocol stack, which is responsible for managing the communication resources of sensor nodes, which directly affects the response speed of the network to congestion. Improving the anti-congestion capability of MAC protocol is one of the challenging research topics in wireless sensor networks. In this paper, the causes of congestion in multi-hop convergent topology networks are analyzed, and the anti-congestion method of MAC protocol is proposed and improved. The main work and innovations of this paper are as follows: (1) an improved congestion mitigation MAC protocol (SRI-MAC) based on parent node controlled wireless channel resource allocation is proposed. The network congestion caused by the increase of child competition and the decrease of effective bandwidth caused by the hibernation mechanism. This protocol allocates the wireless channel resources through the parent node, which includes multiple invitation mechanism and burst transmission mechanism. To alleviate congestion. The simulation results show that, with the increase of load flow, The packet transfer rate of SRI-MAC protocol is the same as that of S-MAC and R-MAC. (2) A congestion mitigation MAC protocol (CA-MAC) based on node adaptive contention window regulation strategy is proposed. The load density is high, which is easy to cause congestion to overflow and lose packets in parent queue. This protocol adopts the combination of cache queue occupancy detection and congestion trend detection to detect congestion. The congestion is alleviated by the adaptive competition window adjustment strategy and the incoming and outgoing transmission mechanism. The simulation results show that, with the time interval of data packet loading, The packet transfer rate of CA-MAC is higher than that of S-MAC and RL-MAC. (3) A congestion mitigation MAC protocol (MACA-MAC) based on neighbor node selection strategy is designed. In this protocol, when the parent node is congested, the child node selects the node with the lowest transmission pressure from the list of optional neighbor nodes to forward the data through the selection strategy of adjacent nodes. The congestion was alleviated. The simulation results show that the packet transfer rate of MACA-MAC protocol is higher than that of PW-MAC. Based on the above research, the paper designs the test node using CC2530, chip, and implements the proposed and improved MAC protocol anti-congestion method on the hardware and software platform of the test node, and carries on the network verification in the actual scene. The experimental results show that the packet transfer rate of SRI-MAC protocol is higher than that of S-MAC, and the packet transfer rate of SRI-MAC protocol is higher than that of SRI-MAC when the adaptive competition window adjustment strategy is added to SRI-MAC. The packet transfer rate of MACA-MAC with node selection strategy is higher than that of PW-MAC. The improved and proposed anti-congestion method of MAC protocol in this paper can alleviate congestion and improve the success rate of multi-hop convergence network data transmission in monitoring applications.
【学位授予单位】：东南大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TN929.5;TP212.9
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